Wang Changyou, Lucheng No.1 Middle School, Yidu, Hubei
The so-called "word meaning" does not refer to the general dictionary meaning, but refers to the temporary, concrete, additional and dynamic new meaning of the word in a certain language environment, which is different from the dictionary meaning and internally related.
Understanding the meaning of the text is the basis of reading, an important symbol of high reading level, and also an important content of the modern text reading test in the senior high school entrance examination. The word "text" here means, first, to understand the text with the overall concept and grasp the full text as a whole; The second is to grasp the meaning of words according to the specific context.
Teach them to fish-show their methods and skills
First, combining the context comparison method.
Comparative method is to find out the similarities and differences in reading materials according to the contents of comparison. Only by finding out the similarities and differences of reading materials accurately can we make a concrete comparison. Special attention should be paid to studying the materials carefully. Learning is conducive to analyzing the similarities and differences of materials and discovering the subtle differences between materials.
Example 1: 29. In paragraphs 7 and 9, what is the difference between the two "secret jealousy" underlined in the text?
[Related paragraph]
(4) Suddenly came a woman, whose red skin was particularly like the color of the earth in that area. "Are you looking for someone?" "Let's-let's look at the flowers." "Flowers?" The woman left in a hurry, leaving a sentence: "Where are the flowers?" ……
⑥ Think of swimming in Lion Head Mountain as a teenager and standing in front of buddhist nun to watch the sunset. I just feel like a million beautiful women are racing. The western world is so beautiful that I almost got hurt. I can't help but turn around and say to the old man who passed by, "Look at that sunset!" " She quietly lowered her eyebrows and said, "Every day!"
After 20 years, the tone of the women in this mountain village is so similar to that of the old man, and I can't help secretly being jealous.
Today, it is the owner of flowers who is not fascinated by flowers and sighs in surprise! For women in that mountain village, flowers are part of trees, trees are part of mountains, mountains are part of life, and life is part of natural enlargement. She and flowers are like mountains and clouds, blind date and strangers.
Pet-name ruby every year when tung flowers are in full bloom, I always think of the woman who didn't know there were flowers after the flower tide, and I am secretly jealous.
The difference between two "secret jealousy" is as follows: 1. From the perspective of events, the former appears at the end of specific events and belongs to the event itself; The latter appeared after the event. 2. In the form of expression, the former appears after the narrative; The latter appeared after the discussion. 3. According to the structure of the article, the former appears at the climax; The latter appears at the end. Therefore, it can be judged that the function of the first place is to cause the following discussion, and the function of the second place is to collect the full text and echo the first place.
Second, the interpretation methods of looking forward and looking back.
A single word may have multiple meanings, and once it enters the language environment, it has only one meaning. This requires us to look back on the past and analyze its meaning while looking forward to the word. The meaning used in this paper may be its original meaning, extended meaning, figurative meaning or other rhetorical meaning, or even a temporary specific meaning.
Example 2: Find the word that means "fly" among the following words.
(1), in short, Spring Breeze:
(2), the eagle hit the sky:
(3), Yan Heng Yan Zhu:
(4) Ying Sheng Liu Lang:
The analysis of this topic focuses on the meaning of vocabulary in a specific language environment. Swallows, like scissors, pass obliquely in the spring breeze; The eagle spreads its wings and fights the sky; The geese lined up in formation over the smoky continent; The oriole skimmed the willow waves and walked through the green willows. Imagine these pictures, and the word "fly" will be clear at a glance. These words actually represent the different postures of "Yan, Eagle, Goose and Warbler" in flight.
Third, follow the routine screening methods.
Language has rules to follow, such as the rules of using words themselves, the rules of collocation between words, and the rules of events. It is inevitable for the author to follow these rules and choose the best vocabulary. We follow these rules and understand words easily.
Please read the article carefully, and then put "Confucianism", "Confucianism" and "Confucianism" in brackets in paragraph 8.
[Related paragraph]
⑧ The Analects of Confucius, which can learn from the mind, was not deliberately exclusive after the deposing of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (), nor was it called "Tao" and "Interpretation" in solemn ceremonies (), and it was not confined to textual research ().
It is a historical event and common sense to analyze "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone". It doesn't matter if students don't know this common sense. Let's start from the fact that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was the supreme ruling law at that time, and what should he "depose himself"?
"Reason and thinking" is not a detail, but the focus of "Confucianism" is the reason and thinking of pre-Qin Confucianism, so we can filter out "Confucianism" and put it in the first space; Confucianism is also called Confucianism. Since the Southern and Northern Dynasties, it has been called Confucianism, and it is also called the three religions together with Buddhism and Taoism. Its focus is "genre", which is a certain form and a certain collection, so it is often accompanied by "ceremony"; "Confucianism" is a Confucian classic, focusing on specific content and often "limited to textual research". So the correct order is "Confucianism, Confucianism, Confucianism".
Fourth, grasp the reduction method as a whole.
The content of general pronouns should grasp the following points: (1) Understand the usage of pronouns. Such as "this", "this" and "these" are close references; That, that and those are far away; "Some", "Some" and "Some" are indefinite. (2) In the specific context, understand the specific content of pronouns, and then analyze and summarize. (3) Substitute the found quotation into the original text to see if it is appropriate.
Ex. 4: What exactly does this mean in the underlined sentence in paragraph (4)?
[Related paragraph]
Taste and bathe in spring. You can feel life, feel life. This can be said to be consistent at home and abroad. "The young woman in the boudoir doesn't know how to worry. In spring, they put on makeup and went to the green building. I suddenly saw the willow color and regretted teaching my husband to look for prints. " If this woman born in feudal times can't help this kind of life, then the modern American philosopher Santayana is more thoughtful and willing to be captured by spring. This gentleman has been teaching at Harvard for a long time. At the age of 50, one day in spring, on the platform, occasionally a robin flew by and stood on the pane. He noticed and felt the arrival of another spring. He turned to the students and said, I have an appointment with Yangchun! Rushing out of the classroom, he began his trip to Europe.
Analytical pronouns often appear behind the things and people they refer to, so the content of pronouns is generally not found in this sentence, but should be found in the previous sentence or above. So when we solve the problem, we must look for it from the above sentence, and look for it from near to far. If you only pay attention to this sentence and don't grasp the paragraph where the word is located as a whole, it will be difficult to understand the specific content it refers to. The word "this" in this question is a near reference and usually appears in front of pronouns. There are two sentences in front. Choose one or all? First of all, we should analyze the sentence, "Taste the spring and bathe in the spring. You can feel life and feel life. " It is a progressive sentence, that is, from material life to spiritual life, or from superficial impression to inner feelings. Then the meaning is reduced to the middle of the sentence, and we find that the phenomenon that the author emphasizes "consistency between China and foreign countries is all-encompassing" is "from superficial impression to inner feeling", so the standard answer is "taste spring scenery and bathe spring scenery". You can feel life, feel life. "
Five, chew slowly and taste.
Words can't be separated from the context of the article, and we can't just understand the literal meaning of these sentences. On the basis of grasping the meaning of the text as a whole, contact the context and use appropriate methods to taste the deep meaning, emotional color and expressive function of language.
Example 5: In the first paragraph, the author said, "I am immersed in the crystal moonlight …" Please appreciate the beauty of the word "immersed" in this sentence.
[Related paragraph]
(1) When I first read Wang Wei's Autumn Night in a Mountain, I was immersed in the crystal moonlight, looking for the artistic conception of "crystal stone in a mountain stream", listening attentively to the clear sound gurgling between the stones, and then vaguely flowing into the distance. From then on, this clear spring is in the deepest part of my life.
The analysis of this topic is to examine the expressive function of taste words. When answering questions, answer them from two aspects: the role of words in the context and the feelings expressed. The word "immersion" not only reproduces the crystal moonlight everywhere, but also writes the author's deep intoxication.
Apply what you have learned-think while practicing and realize.
Read the following text and complete the following questions.
A dead silence hung over the no-man's land. There was no one on the two-mile-long avenue. At this time, I deeply feel that people are indispensable. Like houses, fences and fields, people are an indispensable part of the landscape.
② It's only 8 miles from the southern border of Lebanon. Between the last post of Fatah Commando and the Israeli frontier position, you will only be greeted by Jumping Chicken on the road. Just 48 hours ago, people scattered grain on them in the yard.
Here, it's like Pompeii buried by a volcano, but there is no paddle. Everything is still. Right next to the empty house, there are baskets of oranges, and no one has touched them. The interrupted telephone line is a mess on the telephone pole and useless. A faucet is dripping, and the flowing water forms a stream on the ground, and then flows all the way to a low-lying land that used to be a garden.
Here, the rustling of leaves in the breeze will also scare you, so hide quickly. When you enter the orange grove and look up at the sky to see if there are any planes, you will immediately feel stupid and nervous.
To be exact, there is noise here, too, and it is very noisy. There are real planes and anti-aircraft guns nearby. The shells landed on the hillside with a bang, the sheep fled everywhere and barked assiduously, and the frogs in the ditch croaked incessantly.
However, only human voices, such as the crying of children, the noise of machines, or people's laughter, can break the dead silence. No one, in this world between two worlds, the dead silence will never disappear.
⑦ Behind the nearest outpost in Fatah, a group of young people under the age of 20, armed with Kras-nikov submachine guns and wearing popular berets, are chatting leisurely. They have spent a long time here nervously.
People's fear of Israelis is obvious. They monitor activities in the air from time to time. During these 48 hours, they took turns to stand guard on Kaminowada Street from time to time.
Pet-name ruby they are moving at any time, and sometimes they will take part in the battle, but most of the time they are moving and retreating.
According to the Israelis, this is Fatah's world. Here, everyone is a commando, and ten-year-old children can also use semi-automatic rifles. In this way, Fatah's world advanced from the north to the border, and now it is close to the ancient Mediterranean port of Tyre. Although the actions and dialogues are a bit confusing, they are still very organized.
In the past two days, the Palestinian armed forces had to fight and retreat in the face of Israel's powerful attack.
……
Walking in no man's land