Zaharia Stancu
Zaharia Stancu (Zaharia Stancu; October 5, 1902 - December 5, 1974) was a famous contemporary Romanian writer and poet , novelist, essayist, theater director, journalist, political commentator, and state activist. Former member of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party, member of the State Council of the Romanian Socialist Republic, chairman of the Romanian Writers Union, and academician of the Romanian Academy of Sciences. Zaharia Stancu occupies an important position in the history of Romanian journalism and literature. He is not only a poet but also a prolific writer. His works of realism, socialist realism and naturalism have influenced Romania for nearly five years. Ten years in the realm of spiritual life.
He wrote many novels, published thousands of political articles, and published many collections of poems throughout his life. As of 1972, his novel "Barefoot" has been reprinted 12 times in China, and other novels and short stories have also been reprinted many times. His major works have been translated into 32 foreign languages, sold in 35 countries on five continents, and are deeply loved by readers. Chinese readers are no stranger to the name Zahariya Stancu. His two novels "Barefoot" and "Hound Dog" were introduced to China as early as the 1950s.
Chinese name: Zaharia Stancu
Foreign name: Zaharia Stancu
Alias: MitroiTh._tefan
Nationality: Romania< /p>
Ethnicity: Romanian
Birthplace: Sachia Village, Treolman County
Date of Birth: October 5, 1902
Date of death: December 5, 1974
Occupation: Revolutionary, litterateur, poet, novelist, journalist, publisher
Graduation institution: University of Bucharest
p>Belief: Communist
Representative works: "Barefoot", "Hound Dog", "Uruma", "Gypsy Tribe"
Academic title : Academician of the Romanian Academy of Sciences
Political Party: Communist Party of Romania
Biography
On October 5, 1902, Zaharia Stancu was born in A poor peasant family in Sakiya Village, Sakiya Township, Treolman County, Danube Plain. From 1911 to 1915, he attended primary school in his hometown. In 1915, Stancu dropped out of school at the age of 13 and engaged in various labor occupations. In 1915 Years - In 1917 he worked as an apprentice in the tannery and shop of Rohioli-Devide, in 1917 he worked as a servant in a noble estate in Lisa Township, in order to settle in Bucharest he worked as a newsboy, and in the same year in Tours Archivist at Nu-Megurele Court. He continued his studies in 1919, attended high school in Rochioli-Devide from 1920 to 1922, and graduated from Pitesti High School in 1928. From 1928 to 1933, he studied at the Department of Literature and Philosophy of the University of Bucharest and received his bachelor's degree in 1933. In 1924, he published his first poem through Cézar Petrescu's "Idea" magazine, and since then he has emerged in the literary world. He also frequented the Bucharest Literary Center and "New Life" magazine. In 1925 he married Nicola Pern, a female teacher in Turnu-Megurele. A year later, their only son Horia Stancu was born. Horia later became a doctor and a famous doctor. writer.
Zaharia Stancu was also an outstanding left-wing political commentator. In the 1930s, he actively cooperated with left-wing and democratic publications, wrote poems and political articles, and criticized the old system. , to protect the democratic rights of working people. In 1932, he was appointed editor-in-chief of Romania's "Modern" magazine, and in 1937, he was appointed editor-in-chief of "Daily Romanian". In 1940, he launched a fierce debate with the fascist newspaper "Cosmos". From 1941 to 1942, he served as editor-in-chief of "Romania Magazine". During the Second World War, Zaharia Stancu was arrested by the dictatorial government of Ion Antonescu for engaging in anti-fascist activities. He was imprisoned in the Targuzyu concentration camp in 1943. The Romanian uprising on August 23, 1944 Released after victory.
After the liberation of Romania, he served as the general manager of the Bucharest National Theater twice from 1946 to 1952 and from 1959 to 1968. From August 5, 1948, he served as a member of the board of directors of the Literature and Art Publishing House. On August 1, 1948, he was elected president of the Romanian Democratic Writers Association. From March 27, 1949 to 1956, he served as president of the Romanian Writers Union. In 1948, his novel "Barefoot" was published, and his works were included in all school curricula during the Romanian socialist period. In March 1948, Stancu joined the Romanian Workers' Party (renamed the Communist Party of Romania in 1965). In the 1950s, he was criticized and accused of being an "agent of the secret police", so he was expelled from the party. He was restored to the party in 1964. , party age is calculated from March 26, 1960. On July 2, 1955, he was elected as an academician of the Romanian People's Communist Party and the National Academy of Sciences (renamed the Romanian Socialist Communist Party and the National Academy of Sciences in 1965). From 1958 to 1968, he served as the editor-in-chief of the Romanian "Literary Newspaper".
From 1966 to 1974, he served as president of the Romanian Writers Union again. From March 13, 1969 to December 5, 1974, he served as a member of the State Council of the Romanian Socialist Republic. In August 1969, he was elected as an alternate member of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party at the 10th Congress of the Communist Party of Romania. In October 1969, he was co-opted as a member of the Central Committee at the Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party. In November 1974, he was not elected to the Central Committee at the 11th National Congress of Romania due to health reasons.
Zaharia Stancu was a representative of the First, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Grand National Assembly of the Romanian Socialist Republic. From March 28, 1948 to November 30, 1952, he was elected as a representative of the Grand National Assembly of the Tekuchi constituency; from March 5, 1961 to March 7, 1965, he was elected as a representative of Turnu-Megure, Bucharest State Representative of the Grand National Assembly of the 32nd constituency of Ley; March 7, 1965 - March 2, 1969 Elected as representative of the Grand National Assembly of the 25th constituency of Rohiori-Devide, Treolman County; March 1969 December 2 - December 5, 1974, he was elected as the representative of the Grand National Assembly of the 11th constituency of Kelengu, Treolman County.
Zaharia Stancu died of illness in Bucharest on December 5, 1974, at the age of 72.
Literary Giant
Zaharia Stancu is an important Romanian realist writer in the 20th century. The son of a poor farmer has lived in the countryside for a long time and has a profound and detailed experience of rural life. He was inspired by the tragedy of rural life in the early 20th century and wrote the series of novels "Barefoot", thus establishing his status as a novelist in the Romanian literary world. Some of his other works, such as "How I Love You" and "The Root of Suffering", use heavy tones or comedic exaggeration to depict for us the rural life between the two wars and the Second World War. Picture after picture.
The novel "Gypsy Tribe" (also known as "Satra") written by Zahariya Stanku was published in 1971. Stanku has lived at the bottom of society since he was a child and has had relatively close contact with Gypsies. Many people know their customs and people well, have deep feelings for this nation, and have deep sympathy for the living conditions of the Gypsies. He created from the standpoint of the Gypsies, depicting the social reality and expressing their voices and wishes.
Works
Zaharia Stancu's works mainly include poetry: "White" (1937), "The Golden Bell" (1939), "The Beard of the Beast" (1941) Years), "Years of Smoke" (1944), "Singing Low" (1970), "Seventy" (lyrics, poetry and preface, 1972), "The Sword of Time" (lyrics, 1972) , "Poetry of the Moon" (1974); prose: "Travel Notes" (1950), "Impressions of the Soviet Union" (1950); novels: "The Man in the Top Hat" (1941), "Narrow and Deep Breeze" "Zeda" (1944), "Camp Day" (1945), "People of the Hundred Years" (1946), "The Bell" (1947), "Barefoot" (1948, 1960, 1968, 1970, 1973 ), "Hound" (1955), "The Root of Suffering" (1958~159), "Flower of the Earth" (1958), "Dale" (1960), "Game of Death" (1962, 1966, 1968), "Constantina" (1962), "Crazy Forest" (1966, 1972), "Wind and Rain" (three volumes, 1969), "Love Story: Pit, Wolf, Ulu" "Bat, How I Love You" (1970), "How I Love You" (1970), "Gypsy Tribe" (1971), "Barefoot" (with 20 photos of Fred Mikos woodcut prints, 1973), "Don't Forget Darie" (1973), "Uruma" (1974); anthology: "The Triumph of Reason" (1973), "For the People of this World: Articles, Speeches, Interviews, Oral Narrations, 1961-1971" (1971).
Honor
Won the Romanian Writers Award in 1927, was awarded the Knight Medal of the First Class "Cultural Merit" in 1947, and won the "National Award of the Romanian People's Republic" in 1954. In 1962, he was awarded the First Class Medal of the Romanian People's Republic Star. In 1971, he was awarded the Gottfried von Herder Prize by the University of Vienna. In 1972, he was awarded the Romanian Order of Socialist Victory.