Tube cutting wheat
This poem is clear in narration, natural in structure, clear in hierarchy and strong in logic. At the beginning of the poem, the background is explained first, indicating that May is the busy farming season for wheat harvest. Then write down that women lead their children to the fields to give food and water to young people who are cutting wheat. Later, it described young farmers cutting wheat with their heads down in Nangang wheat field, fumigating their feet with the heat, and baking their backs in the hot sun. They are tired and don't feel hot, but they just cherish the long days in summer and can do more work.
At this point, the farmer's hard work has been strongly demonstrated. Then I described another sad scene: a poor woman, with a child in her arms and a broken basket in her hand, was picking wheat by the wheat harvester. Why are you picking wheat? Because her family's field has "lost all taxes"-it has been sold to pay the heavy taxes in the palace. Now there is no field to plant and no wheat to harvest, so we have to rely on wheat to satisfy our hunger. These two scenes are intertwined, with both differences and connections: the former reveals the hardships of farmers, while the latter reveals heavy taxes. Since heavy taxes have made poor women lose their fields, they will also make this peasant family who is cutting wheat lose their fields. Today's wheat pickers are yesterday's wheat pickers; Today's wheat harvesters may become tomorrow's wheat harvesters. Strong irony is self-evident.
The poet linked the pain of farmers' life with the ease of his own life, feeling ashamed and unable to calm down for a long time. This lyric text is the essence of the whole poem. It is the product of the author's touching feelings and shows the poet's deep sympathy for the working people. Bai Juyi wrote satirical poems with the aim of "only making people sick, and I hope the emperor knows." In this poem, he made a sharp contrast between the peasants and himself as a court official with his own personal feelings, that is, he hoped that the "son of heaven" was affectionate and tactful, which could be described as well-intentioned.
Bai Juyi is the master of art who is best at writing narrative poems. His narrative poems can fully express people's feelings and things, and write the events described in them in twists and turns. Moreover, his narrative poems always contain the revelation of the soul, so they always contain feelings. Although he didn't write much in Watching the Wheat Harvest, he vividly described the hard and painful life scenes of the wheat harvesters and gleaner during the summer harvest. Not only wrote things, but also wrote hearts, including the author's own heart and the hearts of working people.
What is commendable is that while describing the working people, the author can also truly write the voices of the working people, especially depicting the abnormal psychology of the working people in a certain situation and profoundly revealing the theme of the poem. In The Charcoal Man, "I am poor in clothes and simple in clothes, worried about charcoal, and wish the weather is cold", which describes the ambivalence of the old charcoal seller who is forced by food and clothing. "I don't know the heat when I'm exhausted, but I regret the long summer" in "Watching the Wheat Harvest" is also a kind of ambivalence. This description depicts the working people's hearts in detail and goes deep into the details.
The perfect unity of writing and writing in poetry is more shocking than the general unity of narrative and lyric. Bai Juyi is also an expert in using contrast techniques. In his poetry creation, he not only compared the poverty and kindness of the working people with the luxury tyranny of the landlord class, but also compared his own comfort with the poverty of the working people.
After writing about the hardships and pains of farmers in the hot summer, the poet also thought of himself, feeling that he had no "merit" and "didn't work for farmers and mulberry", but he was paid "three hundred stones" and still had "surplus grain" by the end of the year, so he was "ashamed of it and couldn't forget it every day". It was very rare for poets to take the initiative to compare with farmers at that time. This contrast is really novel, accurate, commendable and thought-provoking, which shows the ideological height of this poem.
Seeing Wheat Cutting is a poem written by Bai Juyi when he was a county magistrate in zhouzhi county, and he felt the hard-working and poor life of the local people. The work criticizes the heavy taxes that caused people's poverty, and feels deeply guilty about not doing anything with enough food and drink, showing the humanitarian spirit of a conscientious feudal official. This poem was written in the second year of Yuanhe in Tang Xianzong (807), when the poet was thirty-six years old. Zhouzhi county is located in the west of Xi City, Shaanxi Province. The county commandant is responsible for catching thieves and collecting taxes in the county. Because Bai Juyi is in charge of this matter; Therefore, he is also most aware of the disaster suffered by the working people in this respect: harvesting.
The whole poem is divided into four layers, the first layer is four sentences, explaining time and its environmental atmosphere. As the saying goes, "farmers have less leisure in January and people are twice as busy in May", and the following things will happen in May when people are twice as busy. These two sentences always affect the whole body, revealing the author's sympathy for the working people at the beginning; "At night, the south wind rises and the wheat is covered with yellow." There is a harvest scene, and the big picture is pleasing to the eye. But who can think of the sadness of farmers under this harvest scene?
The second eight sentences, through a specific family, illustrate that the basic feature of this poem writing is to truthfully describe the real life scene without any exaggeration. He chose the busy family and the bleak gleaning scene, which made them form a strong contrast. Although the former is bitter and tired, there is still hope for them for the time being. As for the latter, it is completely broken duckweed, which is in jeopardy. The scenes, atmosphere, image and psychology shown by the two lenses are very good.
At the end of the poem is a comment, which is the same as many satirical poems by Bai Juyi. The discussion of this poem does not directly point to the root of social diseases, but shows my guilt, which is also a vague criticism of the whole bureaucratic aristocratic society. Bai Juyi is a 300-stone county marshal. Shouldn't those big bureaucrats and big noble feel more guilty? The emperor is in charge of taxation, and Bai Juyi can't openly oppose it. He can only use this ending to achieve the purpose of irony.
moonlit night
In Tang poetry, there are many themes about spring and moon. Or enjoy the spring, or look at the bright moon, with feelings. This poem is about spring, not only from things like willow green and pink, but also from the night to cover up things that seem to have the most spring characteristics. It writes about the moon without detailing its light and shadow or lamenting its roundness. Instead, there is only half a moonlight at night, so that the night is not too thick and the moonlight is not too bright, resulting in a vague and harmonious melody.
This poem begins with the word "deeper", which sets the tone for the description of the scenery behind it and gives the whole poem a special atmosphere. "Moonlight is half home" is the embodiment of the word "deeper", and the next sentence "Beidou dry south oblique" is the symbol of "deeper" night sky. Together, the two sentences create the silence of the spring night and the profound artistic conception. The moonlight shines half-way, because the moon is slanting west, and the poem takes the stars as the background, which constitutes the internal connection between the two sentences.
On a quiet spring night, everything is moving quietly. "It's warm in spring tonight, and the sound of insects is fresh through the green screen window", which is a good sentence that the poet got from the opportunity of observing nature wholeheartedly. Knowing the cold and warm weather from ignorance of insects shows that poetry has a deep foundation in rural life. Therefore. These two sentences are not what ordinary people can do. Those who have no long experience in rural life. Of course, I can't say; Even living in the countryside, not everyone can say it. No matter whether it's the first time tonight or the first time, who will pay attention to it needs a willing heart. You should also have a poetic heart. A word "new" is full of deep affection for rural life, which means freshness and joy.
The poem says that "spring warmth" begins with "tonight", which shows that it is very sensitive to the changes of seasonal climate, and the word "little knowledge" is full of complacency. Write that you hear insects through the window and use "head". Give people a feeling of vitality. The green of the window screen is invisible at night. This kind of green comes from the poet's inner spring. At this point, we can understand that the poet did not describe the distinctive external landscape as a symbol of spring. But with the help of the night atmosphere to set off the artistic conception of this poem, because this poem comes from the poet's heart. The poet observes the subtle changes of nature with a pure heart. The scenery described in the first two sentences of the poem does not have a trace of spring scenery, but it coincides with spring, which is quite meaningful. The third sentence is "Spring blossoms". The "insect sound" and "green screen window" of the sentence reflect each other. So the spring is full. But this sound and color still come from "meaning" (feeling). The poet not only knows that spring is warm from the sound of insects, this is the poet's subtle feeling about tonight, and the sound of insects is just a phenology that coincides with his feelings. Therefore, the significance of poetry is profound. The novelty of ideas depends on the uniqueness of feelings. Pastoral poetry in the Tang Dynasty became an important school, and many famous poets appeared. However. Few people can be like Shi Tao. It is really interesting that this poem is so profound on pottery. It's even more embarrassing. As for whether there is something hidden in this poem, it is difficult because it is not literal.
Shang shan Zao hang
The reason why this poem is recited by people is that it truly reflects some common feelings of ordinary travelers in feudal society through its distinctive artistic image.
The first sentence shows a typical "leave early" scene, which is very general. When I got up in the morning, the hotel was jingling inside and outside, and the bells of horses and chariots had already rung. Many activities, such as riding and driving, have been suggested. The second sentence is the author talking about himself, but it also applies to ordinary passengers. It's good to be at home for a thousand days, but it's difficult to go out for a while. In feudal society, due to traffic difficulties, shallow human feelings and many other reasons, ordinary people often moved to different places and dared not travel far. The poem "Traveling and Thinking of Hometown" can arouse readers' emotions.
Three or four sentences have always been popular. Mei once said to Ouyang Xiu: The best poem should be "a scene that is difficult to write, like the eyes, with endless opinions". Ouyang Xiu asked him to give an example. He quoted these two sentences and Jia Dao's "Birds are strange in the wild, and pedestrians are afraid in the sunset". He also asked: "The road is difficult, but you are worried." Isn't it obvious? " (Poem of June 1) Li Dongyang further analyzed in "Poems on Huailutang": "The thatched cottage crows, and the slab bridge frosts people." People only know that they can express their thoughts and feelings. I don't know that the second sentence doesn't need one or two sentences, but only mentions the word "seeking place", but it is rare to have a sonorous rhyme and full image. If it is difficult to pile up, no matter its literal clarity and harmonious rhyme, I can write about the scenery, how can I! "sonorous rhyme" and "full image" are the necessary conditions for all good poems. Li Dongyang put forward these two points as the subordinate conditions of "not using one or two idle words, only mentioning words", which can explain the artistic characteristics of these two poems. The so-called "function words" refer to various words other than nouns; The so-called "mentioning words" refers to the choice and combination of nouns representing typical scenery. These two poems can be broken down into ten nouns representing ten kinds of scenery: chicken, sound, hair, shop, moon, people, trace, board, bridge and frost. Although the words such as "chicken's voice", "Maodian", "traveled by people" and "Banqiao" in the poem are all combined into the radical phrase of "attribute plus head word", because all attributes are nouns, the specific meaning of nouns is still preserved. For example, can the word "chicken sound" and the combination of "chicken" and "sound" not attract people's attention? Maodian, Travel and Banqiao are similar to this.
In ancient times, for the sake of safety, tourists usually stayed indoors early, and the rooster crowed early to see the sky. Since the poet wrote about going early, the cock crow and the moon are characteristic scenery. Maodian is a characteristic scenery in mountainous areas. In "The Chicken Crows on the Moon in Maodian", travelers in Maodian get up to look at the sky when they hear the chicken crow, pack their bags when they see the moon in the sky, get up and go on the road, and many other things are vividly shown.
Similarly, for early walkers, Banqiao, frost and people on the frost are also characteristic scenery. The author set out on the road before the cock broke dawn and the waning moon set, which was also an "early trip"; However, it is already a "cold slab bridge frost", which is really "Mo Daojun left early and there were many pedestrians early"! These two poems, which are composed of ten nouns, each have an image with endless meanings. They write the morning scene so vividly that it can be called a good sentence with "sufficient images".
The sentence "mistletoe leaves fall on the mountain road, Zhihua famous post wall" is written about the scenery on the road. There are many bitter citrus reticulata and oak trees in Shangxian and Luonan areas. The leaves of oak trees are very big. Although it will dry up in winter, it will still stay on the branches. It was not until the early spring of the following year, when the branches were about to sprout, that they fell off. At this time, the white flowers of bitter citrus reticulata have already bloomed. The word "Ming" was used because the white bitter orange blossom next to the wall was conspicuous before dawn. It can be seen that the poet is obsessed with the word "leave early".
The scenery of the first trip reminds the poet of the hometown scenery that appeared in his dream last night: "The geese return to the pond." Spring has come, hometown Ling Du, back to the pond to boil water to keep warm, geese enjoy themselves; And myself, I am far away, resting in Maodian and running on the mountain road! "Du Mengling" and Maodian's homesickness at night bring out the best in each other, taking care of "going home" from beginning to end, bringing out the best in each other; The scenery of my hometown in my dream is in sharp contrast with the scenery on my trip. What I see in my eyes is "mistletoe falling down the mountain", and what I think in my heart is "wild geese returning to the pond" The scene of "leaving early" and the feeling of "leaving early" are perfectly expressed. Wen, whose real name is Qi, whose word is Fei Qing, was born in Qi (now Qixian County, Shanxi Province). He is the grandson of Wen Yanbo, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, and two books of the Tang Dynasty are circulating. Although Wen is a native of Bingzhou, like Bai Juyi and Liu Zongyuan, he spent most of his life in other places. According to the examination, Wen traveled with his family in Jianghuai when he was young, and then settled in the rural area of yi county (now Huxian County, Shaanxi Province), so he called himself a tourist.
Ode to Plum Blossoms (Bu Suan)
The author of the first book "Bu Operator" pays attention to "Yongmei", but it is actually implicit, just like Mr. Lian Xi (Zhou Dunyi) "only loves lotus flowers without staining mud, not being a demon", taking lotus flowers as a metaphor, and the author takes plum blossoms as a metaphor.
Lu You once praised plum blossom "The more awe-inspiring the snow, the stronger the integrity in the flower" ("Falling Plum"). Plum blossoms are so beautiful and unique that they are above all flowers, but now they are outside the country post station and close to the broken bridge. Nature is cold, lonely, indifferent and left out. From this sentence, we can know that it is neither a plum in the government nor a plum in a famous garden, but a "wild plum" growing in a remote suburb. It doesn't get the care it deserves and no one appreciates it. With the metabolism of the four seasons, it opens silently and withers silently. Everything is lonely. Look around blankly.-Who cares? This is a plum without a master. In the sentence "Loneliness without the owner", the poet poured his feelings into the objective scenery. The first sentence is the scenery language, which is already the language of love.
Sunset dusk, twilight hazy, how can this lonely plum bear this desolation? It has only "troubles"-and it is "alone troubles". These words echo the "loneliness" of the previous sentence. Moreover, it happened that at this time, the wind blew again and it rained. The word "tiller" is equally powerful, describing the difficult situation of plum blossom. However, despite the cold environment, it is still "open"! It, "all trees are cold and colorless, and the south branch is alone" (Daoyuan); It, "dare to spend it in Xiang Xue, the only tree attracts the spring of the world" (Yang Weizhen). In short, judging from the above four sentences, this pressure on plum blossoms is everywhere, in the sky and underground, but all this was finally broken by it, because it was still open! Who is the winner? It should be said that it is plum blossom!
Shang Kun concentrated on the difficult situation of Meihua, and it did have "troubles". From an artistic point of view, when the author writes his worries, he does not use the usual metaphors of poets and poets to write such worries, but uses environment, time and natural phenomena to contrast them. Kuang Zhouyi said: "Words take God from a distance and only describe the scenery, while God speaks for himself. This is a master." () That is to say, the poet describes so many "landscapes" in order to get the "divine inspiration" of plum blossoms; "Those who are deeper than romance are good at writing landscapes" (Tian Tongzhi's xipu Ci). The last four sentences can be said to be "double painting of scenes"
There's a message from Temple.
Plum blossom, it blooms the earliest. "All the trees are frozen and ready to fold, and the lonely roots are warm and lonely" (Miracle); "I don't know if the recent spray started first, but I suspect it didn't disappear after the winter snow" (Zhang Wei). It is it that ushered in spring. But it "has no intention of fighting for spring." In spring, hundreds of flowers are in full bloom, competing for novelty and beauty, while plum blossoms do not "compete for spring". Han Ling started first, just to welcome a little sincerity in spring. People who are "bitter" are desperate, desperate and try their best. Satire the square group from the side. Plum blossoms don't mean to compete for spring. If Fang Qun is jealous, it's their own business. Let's be jealous for a while. Here, writing and writing are completely intertwined. The ruthlessness of flowers and trees is a natural phenomenon, and saying "striving for spring" is a metaphor. "Jealousy" is not owned by vegetation. These two sentences show Lu Wei's arrogance, never interacting with spoilers, inviters and flatterers, and his arrogance of not being afraid of slander, loyalty and self-control.
The last words. By going up one flight of stairs, the "unique height" of plum blossom, said: "Scattered into mud, ground into dust, but the fragrance remains unchanged". The previous sentence inherited the miserable situation of loneliness, sunset, wind and rain, etc. These seven words were frustrated four times: "falling", which was unbearable to be destroyed by sudden wind and rain, and plum blossoms fell one after another. This is the first floor. It's on the second floor. Mud and water are mixed. You can't tell which is the flower and which is the mud. Judging from the word "grinding", it shows the ruthlessness of the abuser and the great pressure of the abuser, which is the third layer. As a result, plum blossoms were trampled and turned to dust. This is the fourth floor. You see, the fate of plum blossoms is so tragic that it is almost unbearable to read. But the author's purpose is by no means to arouse people's sympathy just to write about the tragic experience of plum blossoms; In terms of writing techniques, it is still paving the way and getting ready to go, in order to reach the peak of the next meaning. Although the plum blossom has withered, it has been trampled into dirt and crushed into dust. Please see, "only the fragrance will remain unchanged", but its "unique rhyme" fragrance will never change, and it will not change at all.
The last sentence has great power to carry the tripod, awakening the whole article, and throwing the unfortunate situation of plum blossoms ahead, the bleak, declining and sad situation that wind and rain hit, withered and fell, and turned into dust, to the outside of the cloud nine at once. It is "the last sentence depends on the end" (Zhuo Renyue's Ci Tong). The reason why this "festival" can be "imagined" is precisely because this word is very successful in the use of metaphor, which left us a very deep impression and became Yongmei's masterpiece.
Sword and song
When Xin Qiji was 20 years old, he took part in the anti-Jin uprising in his hometown of Li Qian (now Jinan, Shandong). After the failure of the uprising, he returned to the Southern Song Dynasty and became an official in many places. He settled the people's livelihood, trained the army, and strongly advocated the recovery of the Central Plains, but he was rejected. Later, he was not allowed to be appointed for a long time and lived in seclusion for nearly 20 years. This word expresses his dream and lifelong ideal of resisting the enemy and saving the country, and expresses his grief and indignation.
This word was written when the author was frustrated and lived in Xinzhou. He doesn't have the pain of battlefield fighting in the past, but he has the enthusiasm of battlefield fighting. By creating a magnificent artistic conception, Ci expresses the strong feelings of killing the enemy and serving the country, restoring the mountains and rivers of the motherland and establishing fame. Summarize a sentence and express the grief and indignation of unfulfilled ambitions.
In the first movie of the word, the screenwriter was unhappy at home and could only drown his sorrows by drinking; However, even when I was drunk in the middle of the night, I turned on the light again and again and looked at the sword that had accompanied me for a long time to fight against the enemy, eager to focus on the front line and send troops to the Northern Expedition. It is with such longing and longing that the author enters the dream. He vaguely felt that it was almost dawn, and there was a loud and magnificent horn in the continuous military camp. He rewarded the soldiers with a large piece of roast beef for them to share; The military band played high-pitched frontier war songs to entertain. On the battlefield of hunting in the autumn wind, he reviewed various military forces and prepared to go out.
The following passage followed by a description of the heroic and victorious ending of the battle: the soldiers galloped on their horses, as fast as Lu and as fast as lightning; When the strong bow is pulled open, ten thousand arrows are fired in unison, and the sound is like "thunderbolt", which is thrilling. The enemy collapsed and completely failed. He led the soldiers to finally complete the great cause of recovering the Central Plains and reunifying the motherland, and won an immortal reputation both before and after his death. Here, we see the image of a brave general with high spirits and lofty aspirations. He is like a tiger, swallowing Wan Li like a tiger! However, at the end of the word, the author sighed deeply: "White hair is born!" " Fell violently from the peak of feelings. It turns out that magnificent military capacity, galloping battle array and brilliant victory are all dreams. In fact, under the pressure of Gou 'an traitorous ruling group, the author has no way to serve the country, and the years are wasted. Poor White Happens contains a lot of unspeakable depression, anxiety, pain and anger!
This word is majestic and high-pitched, and it really deserves to be called "sophistry." However, the tragedy and lingering conclusion are in sharp contrast with this. It is even more emotional and thoughtful. The structure of words is also different from ordinary words. The upper and lower chapters are semantically coherent, and the upper and lower chapters are indistinguishable until the last sentence suddenly falters, which is a typical work of Xin Qiji's "depression and frustration".
From the whole word, there is a strong contrast between hero and tragic, ideal and reality. The author can only look at the sword when drunk, gallop to kill the enemy in his dream, and lament when he wakes up. This is a personal tragedy as well as a national tragedy. The author's loyalty, whether awake, drunk or dreaming, can't be forgotten, which is a vivid embodiment of his lofty and deep patriotism and dedication.
(another comment)
Li Bai has a poem called Visit to Ancient Vietnam. The poem reads: "The King of Yue Gou Jian defeated Wu Gui, and the soldiers returned home in splendor. The ladies-in-waiting stayed in Man Chun Hall for a long time, but today only partridges can fly! " In this seven-character poem, there are three sentences about the prosperity of Gou Jian, the king of Yue, and the last sentence points out the decline of Yue. Although the feelings expressed are obviously different, the layout of the articles is similar. Ci begins with two antitheses of "two, two, two", and through concrete and vivid description, it shows multi-level affection. In the first sentence, there are only six words, and the image of a strong man is shaped by three continuous and distinctive actions, which makes readers realize the inner activities of the characters and imagine the living environment of the characters, which means endless. Why are you drunk? After being "drunk", why not go to bed, but "light up"? "Pick" this "light", why don't you do nothing, just pull out your sword and look at the light again and again? ? This series of questions, as long as you look at the whole word carefully, may make the answers you deserve, so there is no need to explain. "There are more silent complaints than talking". What kind of "explanation" can show the inner world of the characters more powerfully than this wordless action?
The action of "lighting" points out the night scene again. In the dead of night, when everything is silent, the strong man can't sleep and has to drink alone. After eating "drunk", I still can't calm down, so I follow "holding the lamp" and "watching the sword". Tossed and turned, finally fell asleep.
As soon as I fell asleep, everything I just thought became a dream. "Dream" said something, but it was quickly changed to a new lens: "Dream back to the corner." A brave man woke up from a good dream and it was dawn. A military camp is connected to a military camp, and the horn rings. How powerfully the sound of the horn inspires people to forge ahead! And that strong man happens to be the general in charge of these barracks. So, he jumped up, dressed neatly, and wanted to turn everything he thought in "drunkenness" and "dreams" into reality.
Three or four sentences, there is no need to talk about antithesis, and poets also use even sentences. Too many even sentences tend to be boring; But here it's just the opposite. In two words, the skill is extremely strong, vigorous and powerful, which highlights the majestic military capacity and the high fighting mood of the generals. "800 Li under fire, 50 strings beyond the Great Wall": The soldiers rejoiced and enjoyed the roast beef presented by the general; The army played inspiring fighting music. As soon as the beef is finished, it forms a neat line. The general is full of energy and high spirits, and he is an "autumn soldier on the battlefield." How well the word "autumn" is written! Just like "Mazhuang in crisp autumn", "point soldiers" going out indicates an invincible prospect.
In terms of form, Broken Array consists of two films with the same syntax, level tone and rhyme. The beginning of the latter film is called "crossing film", which is generally written as: it must be related to the former film and "change of heart", thus indicating that this is another section, forming the realm of "mountains breaking clouds".
Xin Qiji often breaks through this restriction, such as "He Xin Lang Bie Mao's Twelve Brothers" and this song "Broken Array". After "Autumn Soldiers Go to the Battlefield", it was magnificent, and it ran straight through the later film "Lu made of horses, fast speed, bow like a thunderbolt": the general took an iron horse, galloped with his whip, and quickly rushed to the front, bowing and thundering, and ten thousand arrows were fired in unison. Although there is no more description, from the flying of "Luma" and the loud noise of "Thunderbolt String", it seems that we have seen several continuous pictures: the enemy fell; Defeated soldiers, messy; The general took the lead, pursued victory, and ended the battle instantly; The victory song was played and the flag fluttered happily.
This is a counterattack. The general is patriotic, but he also pursues fame. If you win the first world war, you will go down in history, which will not only "save the monarch from the world" but also "win the name of him before and after his death". Isn't it magnificent
If we stop here, it would be a "sophistry". However, in that era when the capitulators unified state affairs, there was no condition for a real "sophistry". What I wrote above is exactly the ideal that the poet is striving for. The poet used his rich imagination and became a general in the world. Just after climbing the ideal peak, he suddenly plummeted and fell back to the cold reality, lamenting deeply: "Poor white hair is born!" " White hair has been born, and the ideal of recovering lost ground has become a bubble. When I think that I only have lofty aspirations, but I "die of serving my country without a battlefield" (to borrow Lu You's poem "Tap Water"), I can only eat wine in sleepless nights, watch the sword when I am drunk and dreaming of death, and chase the battlefield in my dreams, and I am happy for a while. ? This situation is really "sad". However, who "pities" him? So he wrote this poem "Zhuang Ci" and sent it to Chen Tongfu in the same "poor" situation.
The same father is Chen Liang's word. Scholars call Mr. Longchuan. Brilliant, heroic, and free to speak. Claiming to be able to "tear down the wisdom and courage of a lifetime and open the heart of the ages." He successively wrote Five Theories on Zhongxing and Filial Piety, and actively advocated the war of resistance, thus being hit by capitulationists.
Song Xiaozong visited Xin Qiji in Shangrao in the winter of the fifteenth year of Xichun (1 188) and stayed for ten days. After leaving, Xin Qiji wrote down the word "He Xinlang" and gave it to him. He composed a song. Later, I sang it over and over again with the same plaque. This song "Broken Array" was written around this period.
In the sense of the whole word, the first nine sentences are one paragraph, which vividly depicts the image of a brave and brave general, thus showing the poet's great ambition. The last sentence is a passage, expressing the grief and indignation of "ambition is hard to pay" with a deep sigh. Strong and sad, ideal and reality, form a strong contrast. From this comparison, we can think of the corruption and incompetence of the court in the Southern Song Dynasty, the people's dire straits, and the anguish that all patriots could not serve the country. It can be seen that extremely bold words can also be written in an extremely subtle way, but they are different from the subtle ones of the graceful school.
There is something noteworthy about the tone of this word. The upper and lower six sentences in the Broken Array are all flat, that is, the previous one is flat and the next one is flat, which constitutes a harmonious and soothing syllable. There are two seven-character sentences in the upper and lower films, but they are not flat, but flat and flat, forming an angry and violent syllable. Harmony and anger, liberation and agitation form a contradictory unity. The author makes good use of this tone of contradiction and unity, and appropriately shows the complex psychological changes of the lyric hero and the transformation of many scenes such as battle preparation, battle progress and battle victory in the dream, which has received vivid artistic effects.
The layout of this word is also noteworthy. The phrase "get drunk while watching the sword" suddenly sounded, followed by the taste of dreams, the division of company battalions, the direction of soldiers on the battlefield, and the victory of the enemy, protruding like an eagle, soaring into the sky. However, when soaring in the sky, it suddenly fell and sighed that "poverty happened", which forced readers to shed tears of pity for the author's ambition. This style of writing, which plummets and comes to an abrupt end at the same time, is often exciting because of its unexpected strong artistic effect if used well.
Appreciation 3 This word was written by the author when he was frustrated and lived in Xinzhou. He did not have the sufferings of previous battlefield battles, but he was enthusiastic about battlefield battles. By creating a magnificent artistic conception, Ci expresses the strong feelings of killing the enemy and serving the country, restoring the mountains and rivers of the motherland and establishing fame. Summarize a sentence and express the grief and indignation of unfulfilled ambitions.
[Content Analysis] A poet who is full of worries about home and country and has lost his ambition after a long talk with friends drinks to drown his sorrows. He lit the oil lamp and pulled out his sword, and in a daze he returned to the fighting situation of that year. Loud horns blew all over the company camp, and the soldiers were sharing large pieces of barbecue on the vast land. At this time, drums, musical instruments and musical instruments are all ringing, reflecting the magnificent military music of frontier fortress life. It turns out that soldiers are on the battlefield! In the poet's pen, the seemingly handy military scene and fiery fighting passion naturally gushed out. The word "Lian" reveals the grandeur of momentum and the purge of military capacity. "Eight Hundred Miles" and "Fifty Strings" are natural, and complement each other with "Blowing Horn Camping", creating a magnificent and broad artistic conception.
The next film begins with two close-ups: the horse flying fast and the arrow thundering, which is thrilling. Horses and arrows, two typical things, are vividly written in colorful words. All this is to "get rid of" national humiliation, restore "what's going on in the world" in the Central Plains, and win the "immortal name" in order to display talents and contribute to the country! After reading these, the vivid scenes of commanding soldiers, the heroic soldiers who will raise flags, and the sincere loyalty of "ending the king of the world" are all on the paper, but a sudden turning point-"poor white hair is born"! I fell from the peak of my ideal to the abyss of reality. The whole word came to an abrupt end, leaving readers with endless thoughts.
This word is majestic and high-pitched, and it really deserves to be called "sophistry." However, the tragedy and lingering conclusion are in sharp contrast with this. It is even more emotional and thoughtful. The structure of words is also different from ordinary words. The upper and lower chapters are semantically coherent until the last sentence suddenly falters, which is a typical work of Xin Qiji's "depression and frustration"