Li Huafeng, a peach blossom in Luoyang Oriental, flies around, and I don't know whose home it is.
Luoyang daughter cherishes color and sighs every fallen flower.
The peach blossom and plum blossom I saw this year have rotted in color. I wonder who can see the beautiful flowers in the flowering season next year?
I have seen handsome pines and cypresses destroyed into firewood, and I heard that mulberry fields have become the sea.
Old friends no longer lament that the peach blossoms are dying in the east of Luoyang, but now people are still falling in the wind.
Flowers still bloom every year, but they are different from year to year.
Tell those young people in their prime that they should pity this half-dead old man.
Now he is white-haired and poor, but he is still a handsome young woman.
The old man in his later years once danced with the son of Yu Fangshu's son in the methotrexate song.
There are also beautiful decorative billiard tables like Guanglu Xun Imperial Guards and Horses in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and there are also those with colorful fairy painted in the mourning hall like Liang Ji.
When the old man is sick in bed, he is ignored. In the past, he had fun in the spring. Where is the Qing dance now?
How long can we turn? The crane will be chaotic in an instant.
All the songs and dances of the ages, the birds left in the dusk are empty.
Although this poem by Liu Xiyi is a quasi-classical Yuefu, it is exquisitely conceived and opens up a brand-new artistic conception.
"The peach blossom in Luoyang East, who is flying around?" The first two sentences of this poem describe the late spring scenery in eastern Luoyang. Luoyang, the eastern capital of the Tang Dynasty, was very prosperous. The bustling city is full of gorgeous flowers, and the city is full of spring scenery and vitality and charm. However, time flies. At this time, Luoyang is already in the season of falling flowers, and peaches and plums are flying, and I don't know where to go.
These two sentences are the beginning of the poem. The yearning and nostalgia for beautiful spring scenery and young beauty, the sadness and regret for falling peaches and plums, and the perishable youth expressed below are all born from this.
The following ten sentences "Luoyang daughter is a good girl" describe the infinite feelings of young Luoyang daughter in the face of falling flowers all over the sky. What Luo Yang's daughter is sad about is actually the change of nature, which is associated with the brevity of beauty and the limitation of human life. "This year, the color of flowers has changed. Who will blossom next year? " It shows the psychology of lamenting that beauty is easy to get old and life is impermanent because of the passage of spring. The phrase "pine and cypress ruin their salary" comes from Nineteen Ancient Poems: "Plowing an ancient tomb for fields, pine and cypress ruin their salary." "Mulberry fields turn into the sea" means that land turns into the sea. The book "Biography of Ma Gu Xian" says: "Ma Gu said that since the reception, I have seen three mulberry fields in the East China Sea." These two sentences vividly illustrate that the world has changed a lot by metaphor. "The ancients have not recovered from Luocheng East, but today people are still disappointed" reveals the objective law that life is perishable and the universe is eternal. The phrase "flowers are similar year after year, people are different year after year", with beautiful and smooth antitheses, intensively expresses the sigh that youth is easy to get old and things are impermanent, and is full of poetic artistic conception and philosophy, which has been widely recited.
The following ten sentences, "Send a beautiful message", summarize the life experience of Pulsatilla. The old man with white hair used to be a beautiful boy. In the past, he often sang and danced under trees and played in front of flowers. The phrase "Guangluchi Wen Tai Splendid" expresses the rich life of the powerful and luxurious in history that Pulsatilla once experienced. However, once you get sick and get old, no one will take care of you and you have to give it to others. By describing Pulsatilla's life from beauty to old illness, from amusement to loneliness, this passage not only expresses the poet's attachment and yearning for youthful beauty and singing and dancing, but also expresses his pity and sympathy for the elderly Pulsatilla, further expressing his feelings about the shortness of beauty and limited life, thus enhancing the artistic appeal and philosophy of poetry.
Finally, the four periods show the main ideas and summarize the whole poem. "How soon can you turn around? In an instant, the crane was in a mess. " Two sentences sigh that a beautiful girl will turn into a white-haired old woman in a blink of an eye, but it is a pity that youth is hard to stay. "Only look at the ancient song and dance place, only the birds are sad at dusk", everything is like a passing cloud, quickly disappearing! In the bustling entertainment places in the past, now only a few birds make a few shrill calls in the cold dusk.
Birds are still like this, how can people be inferior? The last word "sadness" in the last sentence is the keynote of this poem.
Although the feelings expressed by the poet in A Generation of Sad Pulsatilla are sad, they are not decadent, because the poet is seriously thinking about life, attaching to and yearning for the beauty in life. [ 1]
(2)
This is a quasi-ancient Yuefu, and its title is also called "A Generation of Whiteheads". Ode to a Bald Head is an old topic in Han Yuefu Hege. The woman who wrote ancient poems resolutely broke with the ungrateful man. Liu Xiyi wrote this poem "A Woman for an Old Man", lamenting that youth is perishable and wealth is impermanent. Novel conception, lyricism, beautiful language, harmonious phonology and high artistry. It was praised in the early Tang dynasty and has always been a famous article.
In the first half of the poem, Luoyang women are sentimental, expressing their feelings that life is short and beauty is easy to get old; In the second half, the old man with a white head was demoted, expressing his feelings about the changes of the world and the impermanence of wealth. He summed up the whole meaning in the transition from front to back with the phrase "Only seeing ancient singing and dancing places, only birds are sad at dusk", pointing out that the future of beauty must be the old man's today, while the old man's past is actually the beauty's today. Send a message, the beauty is full of beauty, and pity her to death. " The poet typifies the specific fate of beautiful women and old men with white heads, which shows that this is the same fate of a large group of men, women and children in the lower classes of feudal society, so he puts forward that they should help each other in the same boat and have the function of "awakening the world"
The first half of this poem is translated from Dong Jiaorao, a Yuefu poem written by Song Zihou in the Eastern Han Dynasty, but it is more typical after Liu Xiyi's re-creation. As the conclusion of the first half sentence, the sentence "year after year" is a famous sentence in the Book of Songs, which is accurate in metaphor and accurate in language, making people alert and save. The upside-down repetition of "year after year" and "year after year" not only echoes in rows, but also emphasizes the ruthless fact and helplessness of the passage of time, which is really touching. The image metaphor of "flowers are similar" and "people are different" highlights the contrast between the ups and downs of flowers and the youth of life, which is intriguing. Combined with the experience of the bald old man in the second half, we can realize that the poet did not use the comparison between "woman" and "spring flower", but used the general terms "person" and "flower", not only because of the limitation of the number of words in the seven-character poem, but also because it included all the poor people who could not control their own destiny, including the poet himself. Perhaps, because of this, there are many attached legends about this poem. As "Tang Xinyu" and "Skill Poetry" said, the poet himself thinks that these two poems are ominous, that is, the so-called "poetry expresses ambition". A year later, the poet was really killed. The appearance and spread of this nonsense not only reflects people's cherish of the poet's talent and sympathy for his misfortune, but also shows that the mood of the poem is too sad.
This poem combines the artistic experience of the Han poetry style, the modern poetry style of the Southern Dynasties and the poetry style of Liang Chen Gong, forming a graceful and euphemistic style. In narrative mode, it also draws lessons from the narrative exposition of Yuefu poetry and the lyric techniques of ancient poetry, and can skillfully interweave and use various contrasts to give play to the advantages of duality and allusions, which is an outstanding achievement in the art of this poem. It didn't seem to be famous before his death. After his death, Sun edited the collection, "Poetry is the most concentrated, so it is called by people at that time" ("Datang Xinyu"). It can be seen that he suffered from depression all his life, which is the ideological root of his negative sentimentality. The strong sentimental sentiment in this poem reflects the fact that the feudal system fetters and hurts talents.
Looking for flowers by the river alone
Du Fu
The water in front of the Yellow River flows eastward, giving people a sense of sleepiness and spring breeze in spring.
Peach blossoms have no owner, and lovely deep red loves light red.
Four yellow maiden flowers thrive on the road covered, and thousands of flowers bow and the branches are low.
The butterflies in the flowers are dancing, and the soft yinger in freedom is just singing happily.
Du Fu, a poet in the first year of Shangyuan (AD 760) in Tang Suzong, lived in Chengdu, Sichuan, and built a thatched cottage beside Huanhuaxi in the western suburbs. He found a place to live for the time being and felt much more comfortable. In the spring season, he walked alone by the river to enjoy the flowers and wrote a set of seven-line quatrains, the sixth of which.
The first sentence "Huang Siniang's home is full of flowers" points out the place to find flowers. A "path" is a path. "Flowers are all over the path" means that many flowers cover the path and connect it. The second sentence is "a thousand flowers are low." "A hundred flowers blossom" describes a large number. The words "pressure" and "low" in "Pressing branches low" are used very aptly and vividly, vividly depicting the dense, large and numerous flowers in spring, which bend the branches. This sentence is the embodiment of the word "full" in the previous sentence The third sentence, "There is a butterfly dance". "Linglian" describes butterflies flying around and reluctant to leave. Write the bright fragrance of spring flowers from the side. In fact, the poet was also attracted by colorful spring flowers and stayed. The fourth sentence is "Jiao Ying chirps". "Jiao" is a description of Ying Ge's softness and roundness. "Chen Wenjing Ti" means that when the poet came to enjoy the flowers, the oriole was singing. Just because the poet was happy, he took it for granted that oriole sang for himself. This is the same as the previous sentence, saying that butterflies are attached to spring flowers, which is empathy. Because the poet successfully used this technique to integrate things with me and create a scene, this little poem is more intimate and interesting to read. In the first year of Shangyuan (760), Du Fu lived in Xiguo Caotang, Chengdu. After the troubled times, he began to have a place to live, which made the poet feel gratified. In spring, he walked alone along the river, and his feelings were born with the scenery, which became seven poems. This is the sixth group of poems.
The first sentence points out that the place to look for flowers is on the path of "Huangsiniangjia". This sentence is written in a poem by a famous person, which has a strong interest in life and a folk song flavor. The second sentence "a thousand flowers" is the embodiment of the word "full" in the previous sentence. "The branches are very low", which depicts the flowers bending the branches heavily, and the scenery is lifelike. The words "pressure" and "low" are used accurately and vividly. In the third sentence, colorful butterflies on the flower branches wander around, and they "linger" because they love flowers, suggesting that the flowers are fragrant and fresh. The flowers are lovely, and the dancing of butterflies is also lovely, which inevitably makes people who walk "linger". But he may not stop, but move on, because the scenery is infinite and there are many beautiful scenery. "Always" is not an occasional sight. Using this word, the fun of spring is rendered. Just when it was pleasing to the eye, a string of beautiful songs by oriole happened to wake up the poet who was intoxicated with flowers. This is the artistic conception of the last sentence. The word "jiao" describes Yinger's soft voice. "Freedom" is not only an objective portrayal of Jiao Ying's posture, but also a pleasant and relaxing psychological feeling. The poem ends with Ying Ge's "Chen Wenjing", which is full of charm. Reading this quatrain, I seem to be walking on the road to "Huang Si's maiden" in the suburbs of Chengdu thousands of years ago, enjoying the infinite beauty endowed by spring with the poet.
This poem is about appreciating the scenery, which is common in the quatrains of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. However, it is rare to see such a poem with exquisite description and unusually beautiful colors. For example, "So people are at the peach blossom bank until the stream flows in front of the door" (Chang Jian's "Looking for Li Jiuzhuang in Three Days"), "Last night, the wind opened the peach well, and the moon was high in the front hall of Weiyang" (Wang Changling's "Spring Palace Complaint"), these scenes all appear "beautiful"; After Du Fu's Flowers Blooming, a Thousand Flowers, butterflies and songs were added, and the scenery was beautiful. This kind of writing is unprecedented.
Peach Blossoms in Looking for Flowers Alone by the River
Secondly, people in the prosperous Tang Dynasty paid great attention to the harmony of poetic tone. Their quatrains can often be strung together, so they are very harmonious. Du Fu's quatrains are not written for singing, but purely poetry, so there are often awkward sentences. According to the law, the sentence "flowers are pressing branches" in this poem should be flat. But this "contradiction" is by no means an arbitrary destruction of the melody, and the overlap of "letting a hundred flowers blossom" has a taste of beauty. Although the word "duo" of "Qianhua" and the word "four" in the same position in the previous sentence belong to the same tone, the rising tone and falling tone are different from each other, and the tone still changes. It's not that poets don't pay attention to the musical beauty of poetry. This is manifested in the use of disyllabic words, onomatopoeic words and reduplicated words in three or four sentences. "Liulian" and "Freedom" are disyllabic words, such as the connection between beads and melody. "Chen Wenjing" is an onomatopoeic word, which describes the voice of Jiao Ying and gives people an immersive auditory image. "Yes" and "Chen Wenjing" are overlapping words. Even if the upper and lower sentences form antithesis, the meaning is stronger and more vivid, which can better express the poet's sudden joy when he is infatuated with Hua Hudie and suddenly awakened by the sound of warblers. Except for the words "dance" and "warbler", these two sentences are all tongue-toothed.
The use of this series of tongue-and-teeth sounds creates a sense of language, which vividly shows the feeling that flower lovers are intoxicated and surprised by the beautiful scenery. The utility of sound is very helpful to the expression of emotions. Syntactically, most of the poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty were naturally mixed, but Du Fu was different from them. For example, "antithesis" (later couplets) is the style of quatrains in the early Tang Dynasty, and there are few quatrains in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, because it is difficult to achieve a perfect ending. Du Fu, however, is hard to see, and such a poem couplet is both steady and memorable, which makes people feel that it is used properly: when it is pleasing to the eye, isn't it more fascinating to listen to Ying Ge's "Cha Cha"? Besides, according to customary grammar, these two sentences should be written like this: butterflies dance when they play, and yinger crows freely. Putting "Linglian" and "Freedom" at the beginning of a sentence is not only for the needs of phonology, but also for emphasizing them semantically, making the meaning easier to understand and the syntax more novel and changeable.
Appreciation of famous sentences-"Huang Si's maiden is full of flowers, but ten thousand flowers are low."
This is an interesting poem about scenery. The path is full of flowers, the branches under the flowers are pressed down, and colorful butterflies are hovering above the petals, dancing around the flowers. From here, we smell the rich flowers. On the path beside the flowers, there are orioles chirping crisply. Their lively and comfortable behavior can give people a relaxed and happy feeling. Poets use rhythmic words like "always" and "cha cha" to make the whole bright and complicated picture full of movement, and also make poetry have a brighter and smoother rhythm. The whole poetic language is full of spoken language. It is very kind to read, and the poet's heartfelt happiness in spring is vividly on the paper.