Rain and sunshine on the hillside increase the image, and the heart of the pool becomes warmer and longer. Archers skillfully waited for the wandering figure, and mother hurricane surprised the passenger ship.
Since then, it is no longer a worry, so I can't wait for the fleeting time. Interpretation: Jiangnan disappears in the vast sea of clouds, and the end of yellow hair is the seaside.
After the rain cleared, elephants appeared on the mountainside and leeches appeared in the hot sun pool. Archers looked at pedestrians insidiously, and mother hurricane disturbed the passenger ship from time to time.
From then on, there will be more than one worry. I can't stand aging for a few more years! 2. In the Tang Dynasty, the water branches and coconut leaves in Li Deyu Ridge were dark. Worrying about poisonous fog meets snake grass, fearing falling sand insects and avoiding swallowing mud.
In May, Shetian collected fire rice, and three nights, Tianjin officially reported the tide chicken. Heartbroken homesickness, more birds cry in red hibiscus flowers.
Commentary: Lingnan Road is criss-crossed with streams and tortuous terrain. I don't know where I am. Tall trees can be seen everywhere along the way, and the stream is particularly deep under the shade of green trees.
I was on pins and needles during the trip, afraid of meeting poisonous fog and snake grass; In order to avoid sand worms, swallows will duck when they see mud in their arms. The customs here are very special. When the rice is harvested in May, the rooster will crow in the middle of the night. At high tide, it crows on time. At this time, Tianjin officials will inform the villagers that the flood season has arrived.
It's hard to adapt to all this for a while. Looking at the bright hibiscus flowers, listening to the birds chirping in the trees, thinking about my hometown, and when the exile years will end, it really hurts to think about these. 3, "Send someone to visit Lingnan" Tang Dynasty: Dai Shulun did not visit Huayang Wan Li, and the scenery near the south never falls.
There are green bamboos and red flowers on both sides of the road, and apes whistle, which sounds very quiet. Interpretation: After leaving my hometown to travel to Wan Li, the Lingnan scenery in late autumn is still lush and full of vitality.
There are bamboos and red flowers on both sides of the road. Even if an ape whistles, it will sound quiet. 4, "Send Wang Changling to Lingnan" Tang Dynasty: Meng Haoran went to Dongting, and the maple leaves surprised autumn early.
The first sheep is loved by the public, and Jia Yi in Changsha is worried. There is nothing wrong with the soil hair, and the country flavor has a head.
I have been suffering from a chronic disease, which is even more fascinating. It's been a few years, and today is very embarrassing.
Where is the spirit now? Acacia hopes for bullfighting. Interpretation: Dongting Mountain is far and near.
Maple leaves, such as Dan, reported that Shoushan, the sage of cold autumn, was loved by sheep. Changsha City once made Jia Yi sad.
There are no silk and hemp in Lingnan folk clothes, and there are many fish in my hometown. I am seriously ill and hopeless, which adds to your fear of being enchanted.
Spent a few years on the ship. Starting from tonight, we will spend a long night, one for each person.
What would it be like to be congenial? The only way to get rid of lovesickness is to watch the bullfight south. 5. "Bodhisattva Manzi Ghosts Cry and Break the Tower Moon" Song Dynasty: Li Shizi Ghosts Cry and Break the Tower Moon, and draw a boat in the morning.
Litchi red on both sides of the strait, in the misty rain. The beautiful woman cried, and her clothes were wet with tears.
Since then, the news has been sparse, and there are no geese flying in Lingnan. Interpretation: I was awakened by the crow of Zigui bird in my dream and looked out of the window. There is a crescent moon hanging on the tower, which seems to be broken by the crow of Zigui bird.
I will set out on a gorgeous ship. The river is clear and the lychees on both sides of the river are very red. The drizzle enveloped thousands of families. When leaving, I cried with the beautiful woman, and the brocade was wet with tears.
Let's go, we live far apart, and we don't know when we can meet again. Lingnan is remote, the geese are hard to fly, and letters are essential.
2. Lingnan Poetry School Lingnan Poetry School is a famous poetry school with local characteristics in China, also known as "Guangdong Poetry School" or "Guangdong Poetry School". The discussion of Lingnan Poetry School by predecessors can be traced back to Zhang Jiuling. Wang Bijiang said: "Lingnan poetry originated in Qujiang." (1) Qujiang refers to Zhang Jiuling, and some scholars call Lingnan Poetry School "Qujiang Poetry School". (2) Zhang Jiuling's poems are elegant in style and have a flaunting power, which has a great influence on poets at that time and later generations. Wei Qingzhi, a poet in the Song Dynasty, once called it "Zhang Qujiang Style". ③ The poem "Feeling Encounter" can be regarded as the masterpiece of blue sweater and "Sweet Osmanthus in Autumn". As independent as life is a holiday. However, why do you think that a forest hermit, seduced by the sweet wind and content with beauty, will not be more demanding to be transplanted than any other natural flower? . This is one of the twelve poems. Taking Chunlan and Qiuju as metaphors, it is clear. Is self-control, Dont Ask For Help know. As Gao Fu said in Ming Dynasty, "Zhang Qujiang's" Feeling "and other works are elegant and elegant, with a body and a Sao Sao near the prosperous Tang Dynasty." (4) Zhang Jiuling's physique has created the poetic style of Lingnan for a hundred generations, but strictly speaking, in the Zhang Jiuling era, there were no poets in Lingnan poetic circles, and Lingnan poetic schools were not really formed.
Shao Ke and Chen Tao in the late Tang Dynasty were famous Lingnan poets after Zhang Jiuling. Shao Ke's poems are rich in content and involve a wide range of society. They don't need any whitewashed words, nor do they need too many rhetorical devices, and they impress readers with unpretentious true feelings. For example, the poem "Sui Feng" has a good year and worries about poverty. If the poor don't have a good site, they can win crops and wall workers and lose to the rich. If the sunset is too long, they can't provide food for the rich and do their best. Heaven and earth are not kindness, but kindness to the strong. This is an artistic style of "stripping to the purest and truest". ⑤ Express strong indignation aloud.
The elegance of Zhang Jiuling's poems and the simplicity of Shao Ke's poems have become the two main artistic lines of Lingnan Poetry School, which have always influenced Lingnan poets in past dynasties. For example, Yu Jin in the Song Dynasty, Sun Wei, Ou Dairen, Qu Daxiang, Qu Dajun and Chen Gongyin in the Ming Dynasty, Li Jian and Song Xiang in the Qing Dynasty, and Huang Zunxian and Kang Youwei in modern times all made artistic creations along these two main lines, whether directly or indirectly, intentionally or unintentionally, and gradually formed the unique features of Lingnan Poetry School. The spirit of "heroic and straight" in Lingnan poetry was fully revealed in the Tang Dynasty. Yu Jing is a representative figure of Lingnan poetry in the Northern Song Dynasty. His poems are "strong and refined." At that time, Ouyang Xiu's variant was retro, quiet and heavy, so he also abandoned China and took quality, which was the basis of learning. ⑥ Yu Jing's poems inherited the tradition of Zhang Jiuling and Shao Ke, and embodied the noble, vigorous and simple character. For example, the poem "Song Shuang" has always been linked together, mostly for the sake of Yang Yan. Who knows that life will be unified if high festivals are held? The wind should be a symphony and birds should live in the shade. It's better to be cold at the age of * *, and frost and snow don't invade each other. This poem expresses the ambition by supporting things, showing the integrity of a famous minister of "Ice Niang History", and the poetic style is similar to that of Zhang Jiuling.
The famous poets in the Southern Song Dynasty were Choi Woo-shik and Li Liangying. Cui's poems are magnificent and full of worries about state affairs. Such as the poem "Send a fan slot to call", "chess is easy to understand the situation, and medicine is hard to find. Urgently ask Wang to rest, my lungs and liver are in danger. Don't be late next year, you'll get sick. Looking east is satisfied, the wind will send Han Jian. " In depression, there are reasons for high China. Li Shigang was impassioned and high-spirited. For example, the poem "Stone Room Wood" seems to bend the snake to solve the sting, and it seems to break the dragon and break the bone. Tianhe lost its ancient history and fell into the world. The old painter wouldn't have this pen if it weren't for the thunder in his chest. "Hold on to things, be strong and have a backbone, showing the poet's mind. Choi Woo-shik's and Li Jingying's two poems are smart and reflect the true colors of Lingnan poetry. At the end of the Song Dynasty, patriotic poets Qu, Zhao Xiang, Li and Chen Ji inherited the tradition of Lingnan poetry and formed a group of poets. It can be said that Lingnan Poetry School was initially formed in the late Southern Song Dynasty.
Hu Yinglin, a poet in Ming Dynasty, first quoted the word "Lingnan Poetry School". He said: "At the beginning of the country, Wu poetry sent a defense against Gao, Yue poetry sent a defense against Liu Bowen, Min poetry sent a defense, Lingnan poetry sent a defense against Zhongyan, and Jiangyou poetry sent a defense against Liu Louzi. Five schools of talents, ancestors and brothers based on one side, pioneers in the world. All landowners, he said, in the middle of the Ming dynasty and jiajing years of poetry, "in addition to wu, chu, lingnan, only You Jiang yes. According to Hu, there were five schools of China's poetry in the early Ming Dynasty, namely Wu, Yue, Min, Lingnan and Jiangyou, and four schools in the middle Ming Dynasty, namely Wu, Chu, Lingnan and Jiangyou.
3. Su Dongpo's poems in the period of relegation to Lingnan (AD 1094) and his southern scenery. At the age of 59, Su Shi was demoted to Lingnan under the retaliatory fatal blow of the New Party, which was in charge of state affairs, and the court changed its life three times in just a few months. In the end, Su Shi not only lost his official position, but also lost the substantive rights of local officials, and was further and further demoted. Three years later, he went further to Hainan. At this point, Su Shi completely walked out of the most glorious period of his life in his political career. However, it was in the next extreme relegation period that Su Shi finally reached a perfect state in thought and creation, and truly completed the perfection, maturity and stereotype of Dongpo's cultural personality. In the following thousands of years, it had a far-reaching impact on Lingnan culture, the spiritual world of China people, especially cultural people, and literary creation. And these are just seven years of poor life in Linghai, that is, the self-styled period of "asking you for a career, Huangzhou, Huizhou and Danzhou". First, Su Shi's actual living conditions in Lingnan as a relegated official are at the early stage of its development. First, the imperial court and local officials hunted for rare products, such as pearl rhinoceros horn and lychee, and second, the dynasties before Ming and Qing Dynasties were mainly important places to accept the relegation and exile of "criminal officials". Lingnan in the Tang and Song Dynasties has not been well developed, and its natural environment and humanistic customs are still primitive, which is very different from the Central Plains and Jiangnan. When Su Shi was demoted to Huizhou, his official position was finally determined after several changes, and Huizhou was resettled. When he was demoted to Hainan again, his official position was that another family in Qiongzhou was placed by Changhua Army. His official positions are scattered, and "resettlement", as a high-standard disposal of high-ranking officials such as domination and squire, should have been better than distribution in terms of freedom and economic situation. As a veteran of the New Party who was persecuted by the New Party, Su Shi can only live worse under the "special care" of the New Party. Not only did I often lack clothes and food when I was in Huizhou. When I was in Danzhou, life was even more difficult. So the poet said six noes-no meat, no medicine, no house, no friends, no charcoal, no cold spring-but it's far more than that, and it's no exaggeration at all. Second, the living conditions of taking pains and enjoying both elegance and popularity are not optimistic. The living environment in Linghai period is really not optimistic. In adversity, Su Shi can always exert his super self-adjustment ability, and make his body and mind detached from the original unfavorable environment, which is also a prominent aspect of Su Shi's spirit and cultural personality. The difficult survival of "no big rate" did not make the elderly over 60 poor, but the wise Dongpo always found a way out when it seemed that there was no way out. If there is no room, he will build it himself, and if there is no charcoal, let his friends build it themselves, with no regrets. And the good ink I am happy to get is "enough for me to write a book for a lifetime." I planted it myself when I didn't have food, and chewed out the beauty of purity in the days of ascetic monks, which made me feel proud of the spring breeze and courageous. As a "farmer" at harvest time, Dongpo once lamented that "beauty makes hardship", but at the same time, he was a scholar-bureaucrat poet who could really find beauty in hard life and elegance in hard secular life. Poets love wine. As a good medicine to regulate mood, wine is indispensable. Therefore, despite the lack of food, the poet still does not forget to make wine. There are many names, and poetry is better than wine. The poet is intoxicated with it, not purely for the sake of wine, but for the elegant taste and the relaxed and pleasant feeling in the wine fragrance. Brewing, drinking and rich wine fragrance make Dongpo get rid of pain and helplessness, and the heavy relegation life adds a little relaxation and poetry. Maybe it's illness. Therefore, his love for wine has shifted to tea, and Su Shi, who has a high cultural accomplishment, will experience the profound meaning in exquisite tea drinking, reflecting the poet's natural interest and solitude. Apart from tea and wine, the poet has always been obsessed with chess, another necessary product of cultural life, and often recalls the sound of chess in the middle of the night at Lushan Taoist Temple in Gu Song in the past year. Dongpo is to chess what wine is to chess. But, in the end, I still don't understand. "But I like to watch others play chess from the perspective of watching, so I can watch chess with the beauty of listening to chess in those years." I am happy to win, and I am happy to lose. "I am carefree and enjoy myself. In his later years, Wan Li was far away, and Su Shi did not never feel lost and desolate, nor did he completely cut off the idea of returning to the north. Su Shi, who is flexible and adaptable, has a strong adaptability. With the local people, I became a common people, and I like this beautiful, strange and simple foreign land. I describe this beautiful land in pure and unconventional language, enjoying the "dreamless new rain sleep" in this barren and desolate land far from the political situation. Third, Dongpo's communication and socialization with local people during the Linghai period. Dongpo likes to communicate with people, and his heart is clean. "There are no bad people in his eyes." Not only does Dongpo have a natural sense of closeness to folk people, but even if he faces completely unfamiliar environments and people twice in the final relegation, Dongpo can get familiar with them quickly. Later, Dongpo was even more impressed by the simplicity of people called barbarians here. He was very good at feeling the sincerity and kindness of people around him. Whenever he mentions the local Vietnamese, he is always full of goodwill. It is not only Zhu Li, a scholar who can talk about books and Taoism, who makes friends with Dongpo. There are also civilians around. Su Shi's friendship with the local people has made him have a good reputation in Linghai, and Su Shi's significance to Linghai is not only here. As a member of the relegation team of Lingnan in past dynasties, Su Shi intentionally or unintentionally undertook more tasks of cultural communication and the legacy of Lingnan's unique personality spirit, which had a far-reaching influence on Lingnan people and officials who were later relegated to Lingnan. Su Shi, who was deceived and persecuted by treachery, likes those Li people who are natural, simple and kind, but at the same time, as a high-level cultural person with high cultural accomplishment, he still naturally pays attention to local folk customs and educates Li people on his own. Everyone is among Li Ziyun's brothers.
4. What is the version of the poem "Ancient City Nanzhuang"? One problem is "Nanzhuang in the Old City" (1). Today last year, in this door, the faces of peach blossoms set each other off. I don't know where the faces of peach blossoms are, but peach blossoms still smile in the spring breeze. Version 2 is "Old Town Nanzhuang" today last year. In this door, peach blossoms set each other off.
Today, I came here again. I don't know where the girl went. Only the peach blossoms are still there, smiling in full bloom in the spring breeze. Notes to the work (1) Capital: Capital refers to Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty.
(2) Face: refers to the girl's face. The third sentence "human face" refers to girls.
(3) I don't know: one is "today". (4) Laughter: Describe the peach blossom in full bloom.
[1-2] Last year today, it was at the door of this family in Nanzhuang, Chang 'an. Your beautiful face and blooming peach blossoms set off in each other's eyes. Today, after a year, I revisit my old place. I don't know where your beautiful image went, but only peach blossoms still smile at the warm spring breeze.
[5] There is a beautiful and touching legend about this poem. This story was first and most detailed in the Technical Love Poem in the Tang Dynasty, and also recorded in the Taiping Guangji in the Song Dynasty.
According to "Love" in "Yi Wen Zhi", a young man named Cui Hu from Boling (now Dingxian County, Hebei Province) came to Chang 'an, the capital city, to take the Jinshi exam, and he lost his position in Sun Shan. Because I am far away from home, I found a place near the capital and prepared to take the exam again next year.
During the Qingming Festival, he went on an outing alone outside the south gate of Beijing, and met a manor with a house covering an area of about one acre. There are many flowers and trees in the garden. It's very quiet. Cui Hu stepped forward to lock the door. After a while, a woman looked at him through the door and asked, "Who is it?" Cui Hu said his name and said, "I went out for a spring outing alone. I was thirsty after drinking wine, so I came for some water."
The daughter went in and got a glass of water. She opened the door and sat him down. She stood there quietly, leaning against the little peach tree, with deep affection for the guests.
She is gorgeous, charming and charming. Cui Hu teased her with words, but kept silent.
Two people staring at each other for a long time, Cui Hu got up to leave. After being sent to the door, she seemed at a loss and silently returned to the house. Cui Hu kept looking around and then came back disappointed.
After a year, Cui Hu didn't go to see her again. The next year, Tomb-Sweeping Day suddenly missed her, and the feeling of missing was uncontrollable, so he went straight to the south of the city to find her.
When I got there, I saw that the mentoring manor was still the same, but the door was locked. Cui Hu wrote a poem on a door on the left: "On this day last year, in this door, people's faces and peaches set each other off in red.
Today, I came here again. I don't know where the girl went. Only the peach blossoms are still there, smiling in full bloom in the spring breeze. "A few days later, he suddenly came to the south of the city and went to find that woman again.
Hearing the crying inside the door, an old father came out and said, "Aren't you Cui Hu?" Answer: "Exactly." The old father cried again and said, "You killed my daughter."
Cui Hu was surprised and afraid, and didn't know how to answer. The old father said, "My daughter is an adult and has the ability to understand books. She is not married.
Since last year, I have been in a trance. I went out to play with her that day. When I came home, I saw a sentence on the left door leaf. After reading it, I got sick as soon as I entered the door, so I fasted for a few days and died.
I'm old, and I only have one daughter. The reason why I don't marry is to find a reliable husband to entrust me with my life. Now she has died unfortunately.
You didn't kill her? "Say that finish and holding the Cui Hu cried. Cui Hu was also very sad and asked to go in and cry for the dead.
The deceased is still lying in bed safely. Cui Hu raised her head and let her rest on her leg, crying and praying: "I am here, I am here!" " After a while, the woman opened her eyes. After a long time, he came to life.
Father was surprised and gave his daughter to Cui Hu. The poem of literary appreciation is contained in The Whole Tang Poetry, Volume 368.
The following is the appreciation of this poem by Mr. Liu, executive director of the Tang Dynasty Literature Research Association and president of the Li Shangyin Research Association. This poem has a legendary skill, which is recorded in Tang Mengbang's "Skill Poetry".
It is doubtful whether you really have this "skill". Perhaps it is to have a poem first and then apply it to the above "skills".
But two things seem to be certain: first, this poem has a plot; Second, the above "skills" help to understand this poem. There are two scenes in the four poems that are the same and reflect each other.
Scene 1: Seeking Spring and Meeting Beauty ── "On this day last year, in this door, peach blossoms set each other off." If we really believe in such a thing, we should admit that the poet really caught the most beautiful and moving scene in the whole process of "seeking beauty in spring"
"Peach blossoms set each other off in red", which not only set a beautiful background for the "peach blossom-like" face, but also set off the radiant face of the girl, implicitly expressing the poet's infatuation and emotion, as well as the scene of affectionate and lack of communication between the two sides. Through this most touching scene, readers can be inspired to imagine many beautiful things before and after.
At this point, Bai Meng's "poetic art" may be exactly what he did, especially in his later operas (such as Peach Blossom). The second scene: find again.
It is also the season of spring, and it is also the gateway for flowers and trees to bloom and peach blossoms to hide. However, the "human face" that adds luster to all this has gone nowhere, and only a peach blossom in front of the door is still smiling in the spring breeze. The association of spring breeze peach blossom laughter comes from "peach blossom and human face reflect red"
Today last year, the girl I met unexpectedly under Taoke must be smiling and affectionate; Today's peach blossom, with a sad face and the same smile, can evoke better memories of the past and the feeling that the good times are not always there. What else can it do? The word "return" contains infinite disappointment. In fact, the whole poem takes "human face" and "peach blossom" as the running clues, and through the comparison between "last year" and "today", the poet's feelings caused by these two different experiences are expressed in a tortuous way.
Contrast and thinking play an extremely important role in this poem. Because it is written in the memory of the beautiful things that have been lost, the memory is particularly precious, beautiful and full of feelings, which is a vivid description of "peach blossoms set each other off"; It is precisely because of such beautiful memories that I feel particularly disappointed to lose something beautiful, so I have the feeling that "people don't know where to go, but peach blossoms still smile proudly in the spring breeze".
Although this poem has some plots and legendary "skills".