The connotation of tea culture China is known as a country of etiquette. The spiritual connotation of tea culture is a cultural phenomenon with distinctive China cultural characteristics, which combines the habits of making tea, tasting tea, smelling tea, drinking tea and tasting tea with the cultural connotation ceremony in China. It can also be said to be a ritual phenomenon. In ancient China, the ceremony was used to determine intimacy, suspicion and distinguish right from wrong. In the long-term historical development, etiquette, as the moral standard and life standard of China society, has played an important role in cultivating the spiritual quality of the Chinese nation. At the same time, with the change and development of society, the ceremony has been endowed with new contents, and it has merged with some habits and forms in China's life, forming various cultural phenomena with China characteristics. For example, drinking tea to treat people gradually forms a tea culture, dining etiquette develops into a food culture, playing with jade to admire jade forms a jade culture, and blending with regional habits to form a local folk culture. Therefore, tea culture is a habit of making tea, tasting tea, smelling tea, drinking tea and tasting tea, which has been continuously improved for a long time. This habit has gradually become a recognized belief and formed a cultural phenomenon in the cultural category of China. Tea culture belongs to the category of Chinese culture, that is, it is an artistic beauty formed by standardizing every detail of tea tasting with ceremony, paying attention to tea, tea, temperature, tea set and environment, and paying attention to the self-cultivation and mood of drinkers.
Introduction of tea species 1. Green tea: Tea is a kind of tea that has not been fermented, that is, fresh leaves are spread and dried, and then directly put into 120 Baidu hot pot for frying to keep its green characteristics.
The main colors are: West Lake Longjing Tea, Rizhao Green Tea, Qingxue Tea, Biluochun Tea, Huangshan Mao Feng Tea, Lushan Wu Yun Tea, Lu 'an Guapian Tea, Mengding Tea, Taiping Monkey Kui Tea, Guzhu Sun Zi Tea, Xinyang Maojian Tea, Zhuyeqing Tea, Duyun Maojian Tea, Pingshui Bamboo Tea, Xishan Tea, Yandang Mao Feng Tea, Huading Yunwu Tea, Yongxi Huoqing Tea and Jingting Lu.
2. Black tea: Contrary to green tea, black tea is a completely fermented tea (the degree of fermentation is above 80%). The name of black tea comes from its soup color red.
The main colors are: Qimen black tea, Dianhong black tea, Yingde black tea and Zhengshan small black tea.
3. Black tea: At first, black tea was mainly sold to border areas, such as Pu 'er tea in Yunnan. Pu 'er tea can be divided into two types: the first type is traditional Pu 'er tea, that is, raw tea, which is a special tea formed after drying, autoclaving and natural drying for a certain period of time. The other is modern Pu 'er tea, that is, cooked tea, which is made by solid-state fermentation of tidal microorganisms. Pu 'er tea has the effects of reducing blood fat, weight and blood pressure, and is very popular in Southeast Asia and Japan. But if you really want to lose weight, the most remarkable effect is oolong tea.
4. Oolong tea: Oolong tea, also known as green tea, is a semi-fermented tea between red and green tea. Oolong tea is the most complicated and time-consuming process in the six categories of tea, and the brewing method is also the most exquisite, so drinking oolong tea is also called drinking congou tea.
The main colors are: Wuyi Rock Tea, Anxi Tieguanyin, Phoenix Dan Cong, Frozen Top Oolong Tea, etc.
5. Yellow tea: The famous Junshan Yinzhen tea belongs to yellow tea. The production method of yellow tea is a bit like green tea, but it needs a process of blocking yellow in the middle.
The main colors are: Junshan Silver Needle, Weishan Maojian, Huoshan Yellow Bud and Huoshan Yellow Tea.
6. White tea: White tea is mainly withered and dried. White tea has good appearance, aroma and taste.
Main colors are: white silver needle, Bai Mudan.
Combined with the above common classification methods, China tea can be divided into two parts: basic tea and reprocessed tea:
Basic tea
Green tea is a kind of tea with the largest output in China, and its variety ranks first in the world. Green tea has the characteristics of high aroma, mellow taste, beautiful appearance and resistance to brewing. Its production process includes the processes of enzyme fixation, rolling and drying. Due to the different drying methods during processing, green tea can be divided into fried green tea (Longjing), baked green tea (Huangshan Mao Feng), steamed green tea (Enshi Yulu) and sun-dried green tea (Yunnanqing).
Green tea is a kind of tea with the largest yield in China, and it is produced in all tea-producing provinces (regions) in China 18. China has the largest variety of green tea in the world, exporting tens of thousands of tons every year, accounting for about 70% of the green tea trade in the world tea market. China traditional green tea-plum tea and pearl tea, with high aroma, mellow taste, beautiful appearance and resistance to brewing, are well received by consumers at home and abroad.
The difference between black tea and green tea lies in the different processing methods. When black tea is processed, it will wither, so that fresh leaves lose some water, and then it will be kneaded (kneaded into strips or cut into granules) and fermented, so that the tea polyphenols contained in it will be oxidized and become red compounds. This compound is soluble in water and insoluble in water, but it accumulates in leaves, thus forming red soup and red leaves. There are three main types of black tea: Competition Black Tea (Yashan Competition), Kung Fu Black Tea (Qi Hong) and Black Broken Tea (Lipton Black Tea).
Green tea (oolong tea) belongs to semi-fermented tea, that is, a kind of tea whose leaves are slightly red after proper fermentation, which is between green tea and black tea. It has both the freshness of green tea and the strong alcohol of black tea. Because its leaves are green in the middle and red in the edge, there are? Green leaves and red edges? Known as.
White tea is a specialty of our country. When processing, do not fry or knead, only dry the delicate tea leaves with fine hairs on the back or dry them with slow fire, so that the white fine hairs can be preserved completely. White tea is mainly produced in Fuding, Zhenghe, Songxi and Jianyang counties in Fujian. Silver needle? 、? Bai Mudan? 、? Gong Mei? 、? Shoumei? Several kinds.
In the process of making tea, yellow tea turns yellow because of boredom, thus forming yellow leaf yellow soup. Integral? Yellow bud tea? (Including Yinshan Mountain in Junshan, Dongting Lake, Hunan, Huangya in Mengding, Ya 'an, Sichuan, and Huoshan, Anhui)? Huang Xiaocha? (including Beigangzai, Yueyang, Hunan, Maojian, Weishan, Ningxiang, Hunan, Tanghuang, Pingyang, Zhejiang and Luyuan, Yuan 'an, Hubei)? Huang Dacha? (Including Guangdong Dayeqing Tea and Anhui Huoshan Huang Da Tea).
The raw materials of dark tea are coarse and old, and the leaves are dark brown after a long period of accumulation and fermentation during processing. It is an indispensable daily necessity for Tibetan, Mongolian, Uygur and other fraternal peoples. what's up Hunan black tea? 、? Hubei old green tea? 、? Guangxi Liubao Tea? Sichuan? West Road Tea and South Road Tea? Yunnan? Tight tea Cake tea? 、? Square tea? And then what? Round tea? And other varieties.
Reprocessed tea
Additive tea, which is made from various kinds of crude tea or refined tea, includes scented tea, pressed tea, liquid tea, instant tea and medicinal tea.
Medicinal tea is made by mixing drugs with tea leaves, so as to exert and strengthen the efficacy of drugs, promote the dissolution of drugs, increase the aroma and coordinate the taste of drugs. There are many kinds of this kind of tea, such as? Lunch tea? 、? Ginger tea powder? 、? Yishou tea? 、? Diet tea? Wait a minute.
Scented tea is a rare brown variety. It is a product that enhances the fragrance of tea with floral fragrance, which is very popular in China. Generally, green tea is used as tea blank, and a few people use black tea or oolong tea as tea blank. It is made of fragrant flowers and fragrance according to the characteristic that tea easily absorbs peculiar smell. There are several kinds of flowers used, including jasmine, osmanthus fragrans and pearl orchid, among which jasmine is the most.
From a global perspective, among the above teas, black tea is the most, followed by green tea, and white tea is the least.