"Bai Xue Ge Sends Magistrate Wu Back to the Capital"
.[Tang Dynasty]. Cen Shen.
The north wind blows and the white grass breaks on the ground, Hu Tian is coming in August Flying snow.
Suddenly a spring breeze came overnight, and thousands of pear trees bloomed.
The pearl curtains are scattered and wet, and the fox fur is not warm and the brocade quilt is thin.
The general's horn and bow cannot be controlled, and the protective armor is still cold.
The vast sea is covered with hundreds of feet of ice, and the gloomy clouds condense thousands of miles away.
The Chinese army prepares wine and drinks for returning guests, as well as playing fiddles, lutes, and flutes.
The snow falls one after another at the camp gate, and the red flag is blown by the wind and does not turn over due to the freezing cold.
I saw you off at the east gate of Luntai. When you left, the Tianshan Road was covered with snow.
You can't be seen on the mountain winding road, leaving a place for horses to walk in the sky above the snow.
Explanation of the title
This poem is one of the author's most famous frontier poems. It was written in the 14th year of Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty (755), when the author was serving as the Protector and Governor of Beiting. Jiechong Yixi Jiedu envoy Feng Changqing was in the middle of the Qing Dynasty. The poem describes the magnificent scene of snow and ice outside the Great Wall. The whole article is full of strange and wonderful thoughts, giving people a strange and magnificent feeling. Judge Wu, unknown.
Author
Cen Shen, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote the poem "Yingzhou Song" in Liaoning in his life.
Notes
① White grass: The name of a grass that is unique to the northwest region, namely Achnatherum splendens. ②Hu Tian: refers to the weather in the northwest. ③Suddenly: One word is "suddenly". ④Pear blossom: Yu snow. ⑤Bead curtain: A door curtain decorated with beads. Luomu: a silk tent. ⑥Fox fur: fox fur clothes. Jin quilt: woven cotton quilt. ⑦Horn bow: A hard bow decorated with animal horns. Control: lead, pull. ⑧ Protectorate: The Tang Dynasty established a Protectorate envoy in the northwest frontier. Here, both the protector and the general refer to each other in general terms. ⑨Hanhai: North China stretches from the western foothills of the Xing'an Mountains in the east to the desert at the eastern foothills of the Tianshan Mountains in the west. It stretches for more than 2,000 kilometers from northeast to southwest and is as vast as the sea. Hence the name, and it also refers to the vast desert area in the Western Region. Linqian: vertical and horizontal. ⑩Gloomy clouds: refers to dark clouds. Bleak: Desolate and gloomy. ⑾Central Army: Originally the army led by the commander himself, here it refers to the commander’s camp. ⑿This sentence refers to using ethnic musical instruments to persuade people to drink. ⒀Yuanmen: Military camp gate. ⒁掣: pull. Translation: fluttering. ⒂Luntai: The former site of Luntai County in the Tang Dynasty was in today's Miquan County, Xinjiang. ⒃Tianshan: A large mountain system in central Asia, running across central Xinjiang, China, and extending into Central Asia at its western end, with a total length of 2,500 kilometers. Today's translation
Strong winds swept through the northern desert of the desert,
Broken the tough white grass and fell down like trampling.
In August in northern Xinjiang,
there is heavy snow covering the sky and the earth.
As if a spring breeze suddenly blew overnight,
Thousands of pear trees bloomed.
Snowflakes fell,
wetting the curtain beads and freezing on the curtains.
The fox fur no longer feels warm,
The brocade quilt also feels thin.
The general's bow is too stiff to draw due to the cold, and
the protective armor is hard to wear.
The vast desert crisscrosses everywhere
One hundred feet of giant ice,
The bleak and gloomy clouds are stagnant
It seems to be lowering the sky.
The commander-in-chief of the Chinese army held a banquet to see off Judge Wu as he returned to the capital.
The huqin and pipa were accompanied by the Qiang flute.
Dance and sing.
The falling snow at dusk
falls on the gate of the military camp,
the red flag is dancing wildly in the cold wind,
the red flag is frozen and condensed
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Become a still red cloud.
The mountain winds and turns, and you can never see them again
The people who traveled far away,
Leave a row above the snow,
Horse's hoof marks. Appreciation
There are many popular farewell poems in the Tang Dynasty, but this one combines the snow scene and farewell feelings, and it is such a majestic and magnificent snow scene outside the Great Wall with farewell sentiments. It seems to belong to Unparalleled.
The opening two sentences use "north wind" to introduce "flying snow"; "It snows in August" describes the characteristics of early snow outside the Great Wall. The next two sentences are "Suddenly", which shows that the wind and snow are coming, and they are coming so quickly. It expresses the great climate change and implicitly describes the characteristics of the outside the Great Wall; "thousands of trees", the snow is pressing on the branches, just like the spring breeze bringing warmth. , pear blossoms are in full bloom, depicting the beautiful scenery outside the Great Wall. It not only depicts the scenery realistically, but also shows the poet's mood of wonder and admiration and his bold and open-minded mind. These two sentences have always been praised by people, and it is no accident. The above four sentences closely follow the characteristics of writing outside the Great Wall with the word "snow", and are surprising in every way. The following paragraphs will start from the word "cold" and continue writing "snow". The sentence "Scattering into" suddenly describes the flying snow entering the scene with detailed description, thus bringing the readers into the Chinese military tent.
The following three sentences focus on the feelings of the "general" and "protector" in the tent, using exaggeration to describe the severe cold brought by the heavy snow on multiple levels: The fox fur is not warm, and the brocade quilt is too thin. , the horned bow is difficult to control, and the iron coat is difficult to wear. What is like this inside the account, and what is happening outside the account, it is not difficult for readers to say otherwise. The above four sentences are written from the perspective of feeling cold. After two words of "Han Hai", he pulled the camera out of the tent and moved it up and down, one day at a time. The sky was still cloudy, but the ground was covered with ice. These two sentences describe coldness based on natural scenery. From the snow-pressed branches to the solid ice returning to the ground, the passage of time is implicit in the description of the scene, which means that the time of farewell is near. So when writing about the sky being filled with clouds, he said "sorrowful clouds", which was already a little bit of a farewell, and then naturally turned into sending Wu back to the capital.
Isn't it a bit unusual to say goodbye to friends at such a moment and environment? The two sentences "Zhongjun" describe a farewell banquet. During the banquet, drums and music played in unison, and the chill in the tent suddenly disappeared, which shows the warm emotions during the banquet. The sender is very sincere. The two sentences "One after another" describe the snowy scene outside the camp gate, which means that the Wu family is about to leave, which makes the sender feel very sad. At this time, the scenery is described, the colors are exquisite, there is red in white, and there is heat in cold, which cleverly expresses the psychology of farewell and blessing. The last four sentences state that Judge Wu finally left in the endless sea of ??snow. "You can't be seen on the mountain winding road, but there is a place for horses to walk in the sky above the snow." Gaze at your friend until the figure disappears, leaving only the remains of the horse's hooves on the snow. Not only can you see an image of standing still and not returning, but also the sincere friendship in the farewell. Beyond words. There is snow everywhere, and a coolness mixed with the feeling of farewell can't help but permeate my heart.
The whole poem starts with snow and ends with snow. The middle describes coldness, but in fact it also writes about snow. The beautiful snow scenery outside the Great Wall runs through the beginning and is embedded with deep farewell feelings. It is both implicit and strange. He is carefree and has a magnificent realm. This is also Cen Shen's innovative expression of frontier fortress poetry.