In Hengpaitou Scenic Area, we must first know the Hengpaitou Water Control Project. This project shows the feat of water conservancy construction in China. Western Anhui has been plagued by disasters since ancient times. This is related to its mountains and rivers. There are three rivers flowing into the Huaihe River, and the Shihe River and Hangbu River flow into the Yangtze River, but these three rivers are all low-lying riverbeds with hills and hills on both sides. When the weather is dry, it is difficult to carry out gravity irrigation in Sanjiang; Once it rains for several days in a row, water accumulates in the river bed and the drainage is not smooth, which is prone to waterlogging. This has fallen into a sad situation of "I hope that the water will not come when it is dry, and I hate the water when it is waterlogged". Starting from 1958, the people of western Anhui, under the leadership of China * * * Production Party, have built the famous "Pishihang Comprehensive Utilization Project" after several years of hard work. This is a large-scale water conservancy project with irrigation as the main body and comprehensive utilization of shipping, power generation, urban water supply, aquaculture and tourism. It spans Anhui and Henan provinces, interweaves into a dense water network on the thousands of hills between Jianghuai, and can irrigate more than 654.38+million mu of farmland in more than ten counties and cities. It is another large-scale artificial water conservancy project in China after Dujiangyan, and it is also the seven major irrigation areas in the world. The earth and stone excavated, bombed and cleared by working people for the construction of this project, if a levee with a length of 1 meter is built, it can circle the earth more than 20 times! Guo Moruo, a famous poet, once sincerely praised the poem "Ode to a Historical Hangs": "The water in the sand is clear and muddy, and I like to see the source make the ocean. When the river channel is raised by 30 meters, the hill will increase production 10000 Jin of grain. Under the inverted siphon, the river is intertwined and the cliff head is cut to shine. Motorboats are flying fast and the people's strength is extraordinary. "
The key to the irrigation function of Pishihang Project is to build the canal head hub project, raise the water level and force the water to do work. There are three key projects at the head of the canal: one is Hengpaitou in Yu 'an District, the other is Hongshizui in Jinzhai County, and the third is Longhekou (including Meiling and Niujiaochong) in Shucheng County. The first of these three hub projects is the horizontal leader. August 1958 broke ground, and July 1959 was completed and released. This project consists of overflow dam (500 meters long and 7.75 meters high), earth dam (6 10 meters long and 7 meters high), main canal intake sluice (5 holes, each with a clear width of 5 meters and a height of 6.6 meters, with a design flow of 300 cubic meters per second) and sand flushing sluice (4 holes, each with a clear width of 5 meters and a height of 7 meters). Above the overflow dam and earth dam, the tail water and interval incoming water generated by the three reservoirs of Foziling, Mozitan and Xianghongdian are raised to form a huge lake with an area of 1.25 hectares. The lake water enters the main canal of Pi River through the intake sluice, forcing the water to do work; During the flood season around July every year, when the lake overflows, it passes through the overflow dam, forming a short waterfall of 100 feet, which is a long practice. Blue waves roll silver, enter the old road of Pi River, flow through Sujiabu, Lu 'an, Matouji, Yinxianji and other places, and finally discharge into Huaihe River at Zhengyangguan in Shouxian County. -This lake with an area of 125 hectares is called "Fengyuan Lake". It is the main attraction of Hengpaitou Scenic Area.