1, Iliad
The Iliad (ι λ ι α σ, Ilias, Iliad), also translated Ilion and Iliad. According to legend, it is an epic written by Homer (800- 600 BC), a blind poet.
The Iliad consists of 15693 lines and is divided into 24 volumes. The main content is to tell the story of the Greek expedition to Troy. Through the description of the Trojan War, the heroes who fought bravely, safeguarded the collective interests and made contributions to the collective were praised.
Iliad is an important ancient Greek literary work, and it is also one of the classics of the whole west.
2. The Odyssey
The Odyssey (Greek: οΔ σ ε ι α, transliteration: Od? Sseia), which translated Odysseus, Odessa or Odyssey, is one of the two most important epics in ancient Greece (the other is Iliad, which is called Homer's epic). The Odyssey continues the story of the Iliad and is said to have been written by Homer, a blind poet.
The Odyssey *** 12000 Lines is also divided into 24 volumes. The poet described Odysseus's 10 maritime adventure more than 40 days before his return home in flashback.
This thrilling experience of 10 years contains many ancient myths, reflecting natural phenomena processed by fantasy, and the struggle and victory between ancient Greeks and nature. The story of Odysseus' plot to defeat the giant Polyphemus recorded in the ninth volume shows his wisdom and courage.
This epic is the foundation work of western literature, and it is the oldest extant western literary work except Epic of Gilgamesh and Iliad.
3. divine comedy
Divine Comedy (Italian: Divine Comedy) is a long poem written by the battleship Dante AliGneki Cheri (C.1265–1321).
The author of this work was written from 1307 to 132 1. Through the dialogue with various famous figures in hell, purgatory and heaven, it reflected the achievements and some major problems in the field of medieval culture, and it was an encyclopedia, from which we could also get a glimpse of the dawn of humanism in the Renaissance.
The whole poem consists of three parts: hell, purgatory and heaven. In the form of a long poem, it describes a dream Dante had in his middle age in order to condemn the church's rule, but he still hasn't got rid of the Christian theological point of view.
In this epic with more than 14,000 lines, Dante resolutely opposed obscurantism in the Middle Ages, expressed his persistent pursuit of truth, and had a far-reaching impact on the poetry creation of later generations in Europe.
The Divine Comedy was originally called Comedy, and Boccaccio named this work "Sacred" in Dante's Biography to show his reverence for the poet. The later version was named "Holy Comedy". Chinese translation is usually called divine comedy.
4. Faust
Faust is a poetic drama1211written by the German writer Goethe. The first article was published in 1808, with 25 sessions in total.
The second * * * 27 scenes, divided into five acts. The whole play has no coherent plot, but takes the development and change of Faust's thought as the clue, takes German folklore as the theme, and takes Germany and European society since the Renaissance as the background.
Write a new bourgeois advanced intellectual who is dissatisfied with reality and tries his best to explore the meaning of life and the ideal life path of society. It is a poetic drama that perfectly combines realism and romanticism.
Faust is Goethe's masterpiece and the crystallization of his life's thought and artistic exploration. The conception and writing of Faust ran through Goethe's life. It started in 1768 and was not completed until around 1832-64, that is, one year before Goethe's death.
Faust is grand in conception, complex in content, huge in structure and changeable in style. It combines realism and romanticism, and combines real description with unconstrained imagination, contemporary life with ancient myths and legends. He is good at using the method of contradiction and contrast to arrange scenes, assign characters, sometimes be harmonious, satirize and praise, have various forms and mottled colors, and reach a very high artistic realm.
5. Hamlet
Hamlet is a tragic work written by English playwright william shakespeare from 1599 to 1602. The play tells the story that Uncle Claudius murdered Hamlet's father, usurped the throne and married the king's widow, Chowdhury. Therefore, Prince Hamlet avenged his father on his uncle.
Hamlet is the longest of all Shakespeare's plays and the most famous one. It has profound tragic significance, complex characters and rich and perfect tragic artistic techniques, and represents the highest achievement of the whole Western Renaissance literature. Together with Macbeth, King Lear and Othello, it constitutes Shakespeare's "Four Tragedies".
Baidu Encyclopedia-Four Classic Novels, Europe
Baidu Encyclopedia-Homer Epic