How to write a literary composition?

1. is reflected in literary language. Proper use of literary language is an important embodiment of students' literary literacy and a long-term acquisition of Chinese. The literary language and expression accumulated by students can be fully displayed in the composition, thus increasing the literariness of the composition language and improving the expressive force of the language. The following is a 20 10 Beijing college entrance examination perfect score composition fragment: the sky is thick and the earth is the motto of a tree. Up, up, straight; Go down, go down, go deep. That's it. A tree stands proudly between heaven and earth, occupying it, enriching it and extending its life. This is the opening paragraph of the composition. The first sentence uses poetic language to point out the topic, uses figurative rhetoric, and points out the object of the article-tree, which is implicit and meaningful; Then, in the form of antithesis, the sentence is short and firm, showing the vitality of the tree, natural and infectious; Finally, the sentence "standing proudly between heaven and earth" is personified and exaggerated, which shows the majestic posture of the tree and extends a parallelism sentence. "Zhan" means momentum, "Feng" means form, "Shen" means result, and "Sheng Shen" uses two parts of speech flexibly, which is meaningful. The important enlightenment of this perfect composition is that the expressive force of the composition language can be enhanced by using common rhetorical devices. Every student is very familiar with the rhetorical devices required by the syllabus, so there will naturally be no major problems in using them. In addition to these common figures of speech, figures of speech learned in classical Chinese can also be used for reference. However, it should be noted that the use of rhetorical devices is based on the needs of expression and performance in composition, not for rhetorical purposes, and should be used properly, naturally and vividly. Accurate language training can show students' basic language skills. Considering language and refining words is an important part of Chinese learning. Every student can make full use of his existing knowledge according to his actual situation, give full play to the rich expressive force of Chinese, express his thoughts and feelings vividly, accurately and accurately through appropriate skills, expound his views and attitudes, and describe what he has seen and heard, so as to achieve the purpose of expression. 2. With the help of writers' works. There are a large number of writers' works in the study, among which there are many people, things, things, scenery, feelings and reasons that are the same or similar to their own views, attitudes, emotional understanding and hobbies. Students should consciously get nutrition and inspiration from these materials, so as to construct their own compositions. The following is an excellent composition excerpt from the 20 10 college entrance examination in Inner Mongolia: "Deep reading" is a carriage for Confucius to travel around the world, with Su Shi holding a scepter and Jiao Ren crying day and night. I heard Huineng yesterday and rolled around in the ancient temple. I have also heard of Confucius, and Wei has made up three unique words, and every sentence is considered; I have seen Song Lian, reading at night and smiling sometimes; You can remember it, circle it, and it will be dawn. Deep reading is the aorta, which sends the wisdom of the ancients to the whole body with the blood. Deep reading has life. ("Deep Reading" and "Living Together") This clip is very telling, that is, the literary knowledge that students learn every day can often be used to express their emotional attitudes. Any material will not be single, the key lies in how we know and understand it. Candidates' compositions, starting with "deep reading", think of the materials they have contacted about "reading" and construct them according to the reading situation of these literary celebrities from ancient times to the present, which vividly illustrates the long history and great influence of "deep reading". The first section takes metaphor and parallelism as language forms, and takes Confucius, the founder of Confucianism, Su Shi and Jiao Ren as materials, highlighting their respective characteristics and rich in content; The second section takes Huineng's reading of classics, Confucius' thinking, Song Lian's hard reading and polishing as materials to further illustrate the reality that people have attached importance to deep reading since ancient times. These materials not only enrich the content of the article, but also highlight the views of the article and increase the rational interest of the article. The extensive coverage of candidates naturally appears in front of the examiners, which makes people feel the literary skills of candidates. The third section consists of metaphors, in which the metaphor of "aorta" expresses the importance of reading deeply about life, and the fourth section "Being with life" naturally comes out and follows the trend. The important enlightenment of this excellent composition is to be good at feeling meaning from familiar literary works and writers' lives. The examination of writers' works is also an integral part of the college entrance examination. While accumulating this knowledge, students can consciously feel some of its connotations, understand its meaning, and then use it naturally after their own compositions. Special reminder: don't copy the materials directly, but reorganize and upgrade the materials with emphasis, so that the materials are suitable for expressing their views and attitudes and expressing their feelings appropriately. Pay attention to the characteristics of writers' works. The use of such materials should not be generalized, but should grasp the main characteristics of the writer's works and accurately reflect the viewpoints, attitudes and emotional orientations of the composition. For materials with more meanings, we should be good at selecting and summarizing, give full play to our language expertise and show our language charm. 3. Learn from the common techniques of narrative literature. Writing is the most taboo, and the biggest feature of narrative literature is its twists and turns and vivid images. Candidates read a large number of narrative literature works and are exposed to a variety of writing methods. After determining the concept of the article, they can use the excellent expression techniques of the existing narrative literature to complete the composition and show their literary accomplishment. The following is a 20 10 composition fragment of Henan college entrance examination: Sophora japonica at the head of the village just failed, and one tree fell down. The province issued a notice: the development of new areas in the provincial capital will occupy the cultivated land in the village. The village head squatted under the old locust tree at the head of the village, smoking sullenly, twisting his brow into a big knot, and looking at this fertile field that was about to be harvested. Xiao Wang rode a motorcycle back from the suburban tin box factory, raising loess all the way. Seeing the village head squatting silently, Xiao Wang stopped and said, "Village head, don't give up. I'm really fed up with sweatshops in the suburbs of our city. After a hard day's work, the money earned is not enough for motorcycle oil. When my two acres of land are replaced by the ocean, I will drive a sports car every day and never work for others again. " The village chief looked up at Wang and bowed his head again. Wang stepped on the gas and drove away. This is a fragment of a short story. Learn from the writing techniques commonly used in novels. The first sentence describes the details of flowers falling, exaggerates the atmosphere and gives readers psychological hints; Then explain the reason-occupying cultivated land, closely following the realistic background of marketization and urbanization; Then I wrote two people's different attitudes towards this matter: the sadness of the old village head and the excitement of Xiao Wang, which showed the different thoughts of the two generations in the process of urbanization. The simplicity of language naturally reminds us of Zhao Shuli and Gao Xiaosheng, the concise description of environment reminds us of Lu Xun, and the detailed description reminds us of Shen Congwen. In this way, the narrative literary works read were successfully used for reference, which greatly enhanced the literariness of this essay and fully reflected the students' literary literacy, which can be described as a successful example. The important enlightenment of this perfect composition is that we should have the writing consciousness of taking the initiative to learn from it. Any successful literary work has its own special techniques of expression. Narrative literature works have a unique way of portraying characters, expressing their psychology and expressing the author's thoughts. Students can effectively imitate and draw lessons from and complete their own compositions when writing. For example, the line drawing technique in Lu Xun's novels, the psychological depiction in Shen Congwen's novels, the detailed description in Cao Xueqin's novels and the foreshadowing in Shi Naian's novels can fully reflect their literary attainments. Have a sense of understanding of the purpose of the characters created. The core of narrative literature is to create characters, and the creation of characters should go deep into the hearts of characters and understand their joys and sorrows. When we go deep into Lin Daiyu's heart, we can feel her caution and vigilance; When we go deep into Cui Cui's heart, we can feel her expectation and contradiction. In this way, students can put themselves in the shoes when shaping the characters, imperceptibly. 4. Imitate the emotion of prose. China's prose has a long history. Students have learned a lot of prose, formed a good habit of reading prose, and basically mastered the methods of prose appreciation. If applied in reverse, one can express one's prose appreciation ability in writing, and naturally apply it to one's prose writing, which will effectively show one's literary accomplishment. The following is a perfect composition fragment of 20 10 Jiangsu college entrance examination: dwelling in a corner, peeling scarlet, messy bookshelves, crumbling old houses ... these are too disproportionate to the ideal green life. Today, are you still struggling for the skyrocketing housing market? Are you still shouting for tomorrow's foothold? Are you still complaining about living in a volute? You look forward to the green color above your head all day, but you find yourself getting very low, so low in dust, trapped in fame and fortune, covered in mud ... your bookshelf is covered with dust, and your heart is also covered with dust. Life is green, bodhi has no trees, so why bother making dust? But I finally caught a glimpse of your bookshelf full of books and the pot of asparagus behind your books. Through the thick title page for thousands of years, it is moving and green. You touch the asparagus leaves, and there is something in your eyes that I can't read. Your suggestion: Why not make a cup of spring scenery in a transparent glass? Spring is divided into three parts: dust and running water. Tea comes from dust, but it stops at running water. This cup of tea is like rain, like dancing in the wind and rippling blue waves. At this time, I looked up, foggy and shadowy. This is no longer a painting on the wall or a poem in a book, but a myriad of weather in the chest, which is a leisurely experience of splendid rivers and mountains concentrated in the body. Beautiful and elegant, exquisite language, poetic artistic conception, natural imagination, and the expression of emotion, scenery and meaning are all aspects worth learning in this paper. To sum up, it refers to the most commonly used expression techniques in prose, which shows the clever use of the author's sober and passionate prose techniques. In the first paragraph, can we feel Shi Tiesheng's brushwork in describing abandoned ancient gardens? The second and third sections, such as Su Dongpo's Zen and the stars and moons under the Red Cliff, ask about their own hearts. In the fourth and fifth sections, you can feel the brushwork of Ji Xianlin or Zhu Ziqing. If students can consciously learn from some successful methods of writers like this candidate in their compositions, they can make their compositions full of literary meaning, diffuse literary atmosphere and show their literary accomplishment. The important enlightenment of this paper is to reverse the method of appreciating prose in order to increase the literary flavor of the composition. Appreciating all aspects of prose in reading is a mature learning method for students. If you can appreciate the beauty of other people's works, you should apply this beauty to your own composition to make it literary. For example, the artistic conception of the composition, the brushwork of the composition and the language combination of the composition. With the help of the conception method of successful prose, the artistry of the composition is increased. In prose writing, the details of reality, the description of scenes, the writing of feelings, the lyricism of things, etc. Can make their composition show literariness. Literature is the art of language and needs artistry. The literary knowledge acquired by students, their literary interest and implied literary accomplishment can be properly reflected in the composition, which will not only increase the artistry of the article and improve the grade of the composition, but also play an inestimable role in cultivating aesthetic interest and improving the ability of artistic appreciation.