Du Fu
And the winter days are shortened in the element scale ①, and the cold nights at the end of the world are frosty.
Stark sounded the fifth watch, drums and horns rang, and stars and Tianhe danced on three mountains.
I heard women crying after the battle in the distance, and I saw savage fishermen and woodcutters at dawn.
Wolong leaps into the loess, and the personnel sound book is lonely.
Note: ① What Du Fu did when he lived in Xige, Kuizhou. At that time, the warlords fought strangely and Tubo invaded. Li Bai, Wei Yan and Gao Shi all passed away. (2) The prancing horse refers to Gongsun Shu, who stands on his own feet as the son of heaven.
1 Scene: Same as "shadow" and sunshine.
② Wolong prancing horse: Wolong prancing horse: Wolong refers to Zhuge Liang and prancing horse refers to Gongsun Shu.
At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, the world was in chaos, and Gongsun Shu became the son of heaven by virtue of the danger of Shu. Zuo Si's Shu Fu: "Sun Yuema proclaimed himself emperor."
3 Man: Let it be, let it be.
(1) For the understanding of this poem, two are appropriate (3 points).
A. The first sentence indicates the time. In winter, the sun and the moon at the end of the year shorten the shadow of the sun. In winter, the days are short and the nights are long, which makes people feel that time is short.
B. the second paragraph points out that the environment is a cold winter night, with heavy snow and frost. The author looks at his hometown on the distant horizon and suddenly falls into the world.
C. "Drums" are drums and horns for military service and giving orders. The drum horn sounded five times in a row, reflecting the current turmoil and frequent wars.
D. The author stayed up late at night, heard the cries of many families outside the field, and also heard fishermen and woodcutters singing ethnic minority songs in several places.
Clan folk songs.
E. The last sentence means that with music and books around, you won't feel anything, no matter how the world changes.
To loneliness.
(2) The poem "Stark Blows the Fifth Sound-Watch the bugle, and the Milky Way Sky Veins Over Three Mountains" is a antithetical poem with "The stars are leaning down from the clearing and the moon is running from the river" in "One Night Out", which is about the river and the night scene. What are their similarities and differences in artistic conception? Try to analyze it. (4 points)
Reference answer:
(1) ad (item b, "auspicious" means that the rain and snow stopped, the clouds dispersed and the sky cleared up. ("Dao Kong, not Eric." Tianya is the place where the author lives. In item C, "Lian" is not "five times", but means approaching dawn. There are two birds in the sky, calling themselves Yuanyang, looking up at each other and singing, reaching the fifth watch every night. ) in item e, "personnel" is the survival of relatives and friends, and "audio books" are news and letters. News and letters were cut off, so I had to leave myself alone. (65438+ 0 for one answer and 3 for two answers)
(2) Similarity: The Three Gorges, the Milky Way and the Great River in Ye Ping are all mighty images, all of which create a magnificent artistic conception.
Differences: Stark's Five Watches Beat the Drum Trumpet, and the Milky Way Crossing the Three Mountains was changed from Five Watches to Three Gorges. The combination of time and space combined the present scene with the feeling of worrying about the country and the people, hurting the land and the desolation of life experience. (Write a sad mood with a sad scene)
The natural scenery of "the stars are leaning down from the clearing, and the moon is running from the river" contrasts with the vast Yuan Ye, bright moonlight and twinkling stars, which sets off the poet's lonely image and miserable mood. (Write a sad mood with a happy scene)
(2 points of similarities and differences are meaningful. )
3. What elements does the couplet "Yin and Yang urge short shadows at the end of the year, and the world is frosty and snowy" explain?
Answer: "One year is coming to an end", which means that time runs out in a blink of an eye. There is a feeling that life is short and fleeting, showing a little bitterness. "Tianya", where it is located, is called Zizhou. There is a guest who lives in Tianya, hurting himself and wandering in the cold. The word "night" here means before dawn, implying that the poet stayed up all night, indicating that he was worried, paving the way for writing and hearing the drums and trumpets of the local garrison below.
4. How much emotion does the couplet "Stark sings the fifth watch, beats drums and shouts, and the Milky Way passes through three mountains" write? What kind of feelings did the poet express?
Answer: auditory, visual. Through hearing, I wrote the tragic atmosphere of war and chaos, the war situation was tense and the style was sonorous; The next sentence visually writes the beauty of mountains and rivers, and the tone turns soft. A kind of sadness that cherishes my China and hurts my China haunts the poet's heart.
5. How do you understand the couplet "I hear women in the distance crying after fighting, and I see savage fishermen and woodcutter at dawn"? What expressions are used in the upper and lower sentences?
A: Many words like "Crying Wild" and "Thousands" were written because of the war. Why does Qian cry? Reflected the people's deep disaster; One shows the local customs. In contrast, some people are worried and others are worried.
"Sleeping dragons and galloping horses are not generals now. They are dust, be quiet for a while, oh, the noise of the world. " What means does this connection show? What kind of sadness did the poet express?
Answer: Allusions: ① Wolong: Zhuge Liang. Shu Shu? Biography of Zhuge Liang: "Xu Shu ... said that the late Lord said,' Zhu Gekongming is also Wolong.' "
② prancing horse: refers to Gongsun Shu. When Wang Mang usurped the Han Dynasty, he became the King of Shu. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Shu took advantage of the chaos and called himself the White Emperor. What is used here is the meaning of "Gongsun leaps to proclaim himself emperor" in Jin's Shu Du Fu. Zhuge Liang and Gongsun Shu both have temples in Kuizhou, so they are mentioned in the poem. This sentence has both virtuous and stupid meanings.
(7) Predecessors praised the poem "Yuli" written by "Stark's Fifth Sound —— Watching the Drum-beating Trumpet, and the Milky Way Sky Veins Over Three Mountains". Please briefly analyze its beauty.
(8) What expressive techniques are used in the neck-and-tail combined transportation of poetry, and what thoughts and feelings did the poet express?
Reference answer
(7) In the first sentence, from the perspective of hearing (1), it is written that the drums and horns ring in the military camp, and the people don't sleep at night (1); Visually (1), the starlight reflected sideways in the Xiajiang River and swayed with the water waves (1); The poet skillfully combined his deep concern about the current situation with his appreciation of the night scenery of the Three Gorges, showing his tragic and deep feelings. (2 points)
(8) Associative imagination and literary allusions (1, 2 points) express the author's worries (sadness and pain) about the war situation-crying, contradiction and pain due to lack of talents (loneliness, loneliness) and nostalgia for someone (missing)-loneliness (arbitrary two points and two points).
Two:
Poetry reading training:
The first copy:
1. What elements did the first link explain to us? What kind of painting is it?
Explain the time, place and weather.
The scene of the first night snow.
2. Wang Guowei, a master of Chinese studies, once said that "all scenery words are sentimental words", so what kind of mood does this scene of the first snow night show the poet?
The poet used the scene of the first night snow to set off a sad mood.
3. How to understand the state of mind of "desolation and desolation"?
And "twilight" means that time runs out in a blink of an eye, and it feels like time flies, which also implies that the poet is twilight; The word "hurry" in front of "short scene" has the feeling that time flies and life is short; Calling Kuizhou "Tianya" means to be reduced to the ends of the earth and never return for a long time. "Night" means before dawn, suggesting that the poet stayed up all night, which shows that he was preoccupied. To sum up, the poet used the scene of the first night snow to set off a sad mood.