Shakespeare: a great playwright and poet during the British Renaissance, and the master of humanistic literature during the European Renaissance.
Born: April 23, 1564, place of birth: Stratford, Warwickshire, England, died: April 23, 1616!
His representative works include four major tragedies: "Hamlet" (English: Hamlet), "Othello" (English: Othello), "King Lear" (English: King Lear), and "Macbeth" (English: Macbeth).
The four most famous comedies: "A Midsummer Night's Dream", "The Merchant of Venice", "Twelfth Night", and "As you like it". Historical dramas: "Henry IV", "Henry V", "Richard III".
Drama and tragedy: "Romeo and Juliet", tragicomedy (legendary drama) "The Tempest", "Cymbeline", "The Winter's Tale" and "Pericles".
Evaluation: Ben Jonson called him "the soul of the age", and Marx called him and Aeschylus of ancient Greece "the greatest dramatic genius of mankind". Although Shakespeare only wrote in English, he was a world-famous author. Most of his works have been translated into many languages, and his plays have been performed in many countries.
He died of illness on April 23, 1616 in the Julian calendar (May 3, 1616 in the Gregorian calendar). His date of birth and death happened to be the same. (Shakespeare was born in 1564, but his precise date of birth is unknown. He died on April 23, 1616. Since the day of his baptism was April 26, later historians actually put his birthday with The date of his death was confused, and his birthday was also determined to be April 23, thus forming a coincidence) [1] Shakespeare and the famous Italian mathematician, physicist, astronomer and philosopher, and the pioneer of modern experimental science. Galileo was born in the same year. Respected as "Shakespeare" by people. The junior high school selection is "The Merchant of Venice (Excerpt)", the high school selection is "Hamlet (Excerpt)", "Romeo and Juliet (Excerpt)".
Education background
The great English Renaissance playwright and poet William Shakespeare was born on April 23, 1564, in Stratton-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, central England. A prosperous citizen family of Fu. His father, John Shakespeare, was a grocer engaged in wool, leather manufacturing and grain business. In 1565, he was appointed as the town civil officer and was elected as the mayor three years later. When Shakespeare was seven years old, he was sent to a local grammar school, where he studied for six years and mastered the basic skills and rich knowledge of writing. In addition, he also learned Latin and Greek. However, because his father went bankrupt, he failed to graduate and embarked on the path of making a living on his own. In 1577, he was picked up from school by his father and had to help his father in business for a period of time. He worked as a butcher's apprentice, taught in a rural school, and worked in various other occupations, which gave him a lot of social experience.
We have every reason to believe that Shakespeare was extraordinary and different when he was studying. Legend has it that he worked as a teacher in the countryside when he was young. It was also rumored that he had been poaching on the land of Thomas Lucy, a wealthy tycoon and magistrate, and was discovered by Lucy's housekeeper, for which he was beaten. Out of revenge, Shakespeare wrote a limerick that satirized the rich man. It didn't take long for the poem to spread throughout the countryside. Wherever the rich man went, someone would laugh at him with this limerick. Squire Thomas was very angry and prepared to find ways to punish Shakespeare. Shakespeare was forced to leave the town of Stratford and seek refuge in London. Theater experience
While Shakespeare was still living in the small town of Stratford, he was already very familiar with theatrical performances. There are often traveling theater groups that perform in the town of Stratford. In 1582, he married Ann Hathaway, a farmer's daughter, and in 1585 they had a son, Hamnet (named after Thomas Kyd's tragic hero Hamlet). He arrived in London in 1586 or 1587, when drama was rapidly becoming popular. First worked as a groom in the theater. He worked as a handyman, later joined a theater troupe and worked as an actor. director. He was a screenwriter and eventually became a theater shareholder; he started writing around 1588, first adapting the plays of his predecessors, and soon began to create independently. By the end of 1590, Shakespeare had become an actor and playwright in one of London's top theater companies, the Lord Chamberlain's Company run by James Burbage. Later, Shakespeare proved to others that he was a down-to-earth man of good character. He became a shareholder of the theater company and quickly won the respect and love of his colleagues.
The theater world at that time was dominated by "university talents" with Oxford and Cambridge backgrounds. A famous playwright once wrote an article in a contemptuous tone, mocking Shakespeare, a "vulgar commoner" and "nouveau riche". "The crow in style" dares to compete with the "noble genius"! But Shakespeare later won the support and love of a wide audience, including college student groups. Students once performed some of Shakespeare's plays, such as "Hamlet" and "The Comedy of Errors" in their spare time at school. In 1597, he returned to his hometown to buy real estate and spend the last days of his life. Although he received a good basic education, he never went to college.
They are all "unparalleled" and can be regarded as the first-class dramatic poets in ancient times. But he never published any of his plays during his lifetime. The success of his writing earned Shakespeare the favor of Lord Southampton, who became his protector. In the early 1990s, Shakespeare dedicated two of his long poems, "Venus and Adonis" and "The Humiliation of Lucrece," to the Lord, and also wrote some sonnets for the Lord. With the help of the Lord's relationship, Shakespeare entered the cultural salon of the aristocracy, which gave him the opportunity to observe and understand the upper class society, expanded his life horizons, and provided a rich source for his future creations.
In 1598, university scholar F. Mills listed Shakespeare's plays before he was 35 years old in his "Treasure House of Wisdom", praising his comedies and tragedies as "unparalleled" and comparable to the first-rate ancient plays. Poets said. But the success of his writing earned Shakespeare the favor of Lord Southampton, who became his protector. Two long poems "Venus and Adonis" and "The Humiliation of Lucrece" were dedicated to the Lord. He also wrote some sonnets for the Lord. With the help of the Lord's relationship, Shakespeare entered the culture of the aristocracy. Dragon gave him the opportunity to observe and understand the upper class society, expanded his life horizons, and provided a rich source of inspiration for his future creations. From 1594 onwards, the theater troupe he belonged to was protected by the palace ministers and was called "The Dragon King". "Chamberlain". In 1596, he applied for the title of "gentleman" and the right to own a coat of arms in his father's name, and purchased considerable real estate three times. In 1603, James I succeeded to the throne. The troupe was renamed "The King's Troupe", and he and the actors in the troupe were appointed as royal attendants. Therefore, in addition to regular tours, the troupe also often performed in the court. The plays written by Shakespeare became famous in all walks of life. Shakespeare lived in London for two years. For more than ten years, his wife still stayed in Stratford. He retired to his hometown of Stratford when he was approaching his destiny (around 1612). He died unfortunately around his fifty-second birthday and was buried in Holy Trinity Church. He left a will before his death.
Shakespeare was a famous homosexual, and all his sonnets were written to his homosexuals. Sexy. According to British media reports, a British collector recently re-confirmed the identity of the subject of an oil painting in his family collection. It turns out that the beautiful "woman" is none other than Shakespeare's legendary homosexual couple - -Henry Leo Shesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton The Cobb family who discovered this "amazing" oil painting had a rich collection. Alec Cobb, who inherited the entire art collection, said in an interview that he had never Since I was a child, I always thought the person in the painting was a noblewoman named Norton, because the name Mrs. Norton was clearly written on the back of the oil painting. But a few years ago, an art collector who came by chance told Cobb that he. Thinking that the person in the painting was not a woman, but a man disguised as a woman, Cobb began to reexamine his true identity. It was not until the beginning of this year that the mystery of this oil painting was traced back to 16 years. At the end of the century, the Earl of Southampton in the painting is painted with makeup, lipstick on his lips, and a delicate earring on his left ear. He is stroking his long hair that spreads to his chest. He looks very feminine. Association" has confirmed that the oil painting is authentic. This painting was completed from 1590 to 1593, when Shakespeare was living in the house of the third Earl of Southampton. Although Shakespeare, a generation of literary giants, married Anna Hathaway, his authenticity is unknown. Orientation has always been a controversial topic among literary critics.
The legend that the Earl of Southampton was gay has a long history, and his relationship with Shakespeare is even more confusing. The earl once hosted Shakespeare in his apartment, and Shakespeare's famous "Sonnets" were dedicated to a handsome young man who was "as beautiful as a woman". (However, some people believe that the first dozen or so poems in the collection of sonnets advocate the succession of the family line and cannot be understood as being written to her boyfriend.) Many historians have already researched that the admiration in Shakespeare's poems is most likely directed towards this easy-to-pretend son. Woman's handsome boyfriend.
Shakespeare unfortunately died on his fifty-second birthday in 1616 and was buried in Holy Trinity Church. The day of his death was the same month and day as the day of his birth. He died leaving a will. Two of his portraits that are said to be more reliable are the bust in the church and the portrait of Drochot, and the handwriting has 6 signatures and three pages of the play "Sir Thomas More".
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