To annotate ...
(1) Xing: Arouse feelings. This is a metaphor for poetry.
(2) View: Observe and understand everything in the world and everything on the earth.
(3) group: gregarious.
(4) Resentment: satirize superiors and complain without anger.
(5)you(r): near.
translate
Confucius said, "Why don't students learn poetry? Poetry can stimulate emotions, observe society, make friends and complain about injustice. You can serve your parents nearby, you can serve the king far away, and you can know the names of many birds, animals and plants. "
reading comprehension
This is the highest praise for the social function of poetry.
The three functions of cognition, education and aesthetics, which modern poetry criticism relishes, can actually find their place in this passage of Confucius.
As we said in the chapter of Ji, in the era of Confucius, The Book of Songs was just an all-encompassing encyclopedia. Therefore, the sage not only told his son Kong Li to learn poetry etiquette, but also appealed to all the students to learn poetry again.
It is precisely because of Confucius' vigorous advocacy and personal editing that the Book of Songs has become one of the most important Confucian classics. It is also on this basis that there is a famous and enthusiastic eulogy in Preface to Mao Poetry:
"So it is gain and loss, moving heaven and earth, feeling ghosts and gods, not close to poetry. The former king was a husband and wife, filial piety, care, education, and changing customs. "
If anyone still doesn't understand why The Book of Songs has become a "classic", and has read this exposition of Confucius and the praise of Preface to Mao Poetry, then they should understand.