2. No matter in China or abroad, the origin of poetry culture can be traced back to ancient witchcraft, and the unique performance of witchcraft is the song and dance ceremony. In China's ancient books, there happened to be a "stone-beating" in the Shundi period, and all animals danced at the speed of singing Jiu Shao. "(the first year of Zhushu Tongzhi Shundi) Yesterday, Ge people, three people fucked oxtail and stepped on Song. "("Lu Chunqiu Ancient Music ")" Emotion moves in China, and form is in words. The words don't convey the meaning, so I lament it and lament the lack, so I sing forever, sing forever and jump at a loss. " (Shang Bo's Preface to the Justice of Mao Poems) Break the bamboo and continue it, flying the soil and eating its meat. "(Yuejueshu) and so on. This just shows that China's poetry culture began in ancient times. Lu Xun's Talk on Foreign Languages claims to be a school of "sailing on the sea", which means to advocate the theory of "labor creation". This is for oral creation, not bad. Many ethnic groups in the world have also gone through a long epic stage, such as Hiliath in ancient Greece, Odyssey, Mahabharata in ancient India, Ramayana, Nibelungen Song by Goode, Igor Expedition in ancient Russia, Tibetans in China, King Gelsall in Mongolia, etc. In Shang Dynasty, people's wisdom was not open, people and gods were mixed, and everything in life and society depended on divination. The result of divination needs to be recorded, which is the origin of Oracle Bone Inscriptions's sacrifice. The ritual of divination is often accompanied by singing and dancing, which will affect the musicality of Oracle, which may be the origin of China's poetry. Poetry culture can be divided into ancient poetry culture and modern poetry culture according to the time of its emergence. Poetry has special significance at the beginning of the ceremony of the Duke of Zhou. "Zhou Li" said: "There are six poems, which are called" Feng ","Fu ","Bi ","Xing ","Ya "and" Ode ". Based on Liu De, with six methods as the voice. However, in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, "Rites collapsed and music broke down", and ode to poetry became one of the manifestations of important activities in politics, diplomacy or etiquette. Such examples abound in Zuo Zhuan. In addition, it is used to comment, to admonish the monarch by the minister, and to cite it as axiomatic common sense, and the list is endless.
In the pre-Qin period, the upper class, whether singing peace with each other, exchanging courtesies or diplomatic activities, expressed themselves in the form of poems; Moreover, in most cases, it is not directly expressed, but indirectly expressed in the language of poetry, so the listener needs to have high cultural literacy and good understanding ability. This objectively stimulated the development of poetry to a great extent, and made the poetry culture of the upper cultural circle, as the main cultural carrier of the pre-Qin period, increasingly prosperous.
Another pre-Qin tradition was Sao Fu, represented by Qu Yuan's Li Sao. Sao Fu was originally a kind of long poem, with strange and magnificent imagination and true and unrestrained feelings, which became the mainstream style of literati creation in Han Dynasty, and then parted ways with poetry.
The cultural policy of the Han dynasty was to "respect Confucianism alone", and Dong Zhongshu's Spring and Autumn Stories was the first one. Therefore, both China people and Confucianism emphasize "speaking with righteousness" and "waiting for a good omen". Every time the Book of Songs is interpreted from a political point of view, the theoretical basis of literary inquisition in later generations is produced here. It is said that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty once made peace with his ministers, and the title was "Bailiang Style", but the form was not new and the content was meaningless. So there was the Han Dynasty, and there was no poetic creation worth mentioning.
It is the folk songs of this period, that is, the so-called "Yuefu in Han and Wei Dynasties", that really inherited the "sound of folk natural melody" in "Shi Pin Guo Feng". Like the "ancient songs", some folk songs with neat forms and beautiful words have appeared, such as Farewell to the Cowherd, which describes the myth of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl. As for narrative ballads, such as On the Mulberry, with twists and turns, distinctive characters and bright and concise language, it created the precedent of four famous narrative poems, Peacock Flying Southeast, Mulan Ci, Pipa Xing and Song of Eternal Sorrow.