The following four poems about ancient traffic roads and vehicles
Horse hoofs slipped on Luntai Road.
Beside the broken bridge, the post road is lonely and ownerless.
Cars rattled, horses rustled, and pedestrians carried bows and arrows at their waists.
Thousands of sails pass by the side of the sunken boat, and thousands of trees spring in front of the diseased trees.
1. Horseshoe slippery on Luntai Road.
The meaning of this poem is that the horse's hoofs are slipping and it is difficult to move forward.
This poem comes from "Snow Song of Tianshan Mountain to Send Xiao Zhi Back to the Capital" by Cen Shen of the Tang Dynasty. The original text is that the snow clouds in the Tianshan Mountains are often closed, and the snow on thousands of peaks and ridges is thick. The north wind blew at the entrance of Chiting at night, and the snow in Tianshan became thicker overnight. Can the Han moon shine on the Silver Mountain, and chase Hu Feng through the iron pass again. There are no birds flying around Jiaohe City, and horseshoes slip on Luntai Road. The dark mist and cold atmosphere are thickening thousands of miles away, and the dark cliffs are thousands of feet thick with ice. The general's fox fur is not warm when he lies down, and the guard's sword is about to break due to the cold. It is just when the snow falls in the Tianshan Mountains that I send you off to the capital. How can I give you a farewell gift in the snow? There are only green pine branches.
The translation of this poem is: The clouds and snow on Tianshan Mountain never bloom all year round, and the majestic mountains and ridges are covered with snow. At night, the north wind blew through the Chiting intersection, and the snow in Tianshan became thicker overnight. The snow light and the moonlight reflect the silver mountains, and the snowflakes chase the north wind and fly over the iron pass. Flying along Jiaohe City has been cut off for a long time, and it is difficult for war horses to cross the Luntai Road. Cold clouds dimly condense into the sky thousands of miles away, and the cliffs are steep and hung with thousands of feet of ice. The general's leather robe was not warm after lying down for a long time, and the guard's sword was so cold that it looked like it was about to break. It was snowing heavily in Tianshan Mountain, so I bid farewell to my friends and returned to the capital. How can I express my feelings in the ice and snow? I can only give you green pine and cypress branches!
"Tianshan Snow Song Sends Xiao Zhi Back to the Capital" is an ancient seven-character poem written by Cen Shen, a poet of the Tang Dynasty. This is a poem praising the snow in Tianshan Mountains. The whole poem can be divided into three parts. The first four sentences summarize the spectacular snow scenery of Tianshan Mountains, from the snow clouds in the sky to the snow ridges in mid-air. The next eight sentences describe the characteristics of Tianshan snow, the brilliance of snow, and the severe cold brought by snow. The last four lines of the poem are about cherishing friendship and being reluctant to leave it. The whole poem is chilly to the bones but hot to the point of boiling with blood. It has no intention of complaining about heaven and earth, but a feeling of protecting the country and the people.
Cen Shen (approximately 715-770), a frontier poet in the Tang Dynasty, was a native of Nanyang. He was the great-grandson of Cen Wenwen, a hero of Taizong's reign. He later moved to Jiangling. Cen Shen was lonely and poor in his early years, so he studied with his elder brother and read all the historical records. Tianbao became a Jinshi for three years. At first, he led Cao's troops to join the army. Later, he served in the army for two frontier fortresses. First, he served as Gao Xianzhi, the chief secretary of the shogunate in Anxi. In the last years of Tianbao, Chang Qing was granted the title of magistrate of the shogunate when he was appointed as the governor of Beiting, Anxi. During the reign of Emperor Daizong, he served as the governor of Jiazhou, which was known as Cenjiazhou in the world. He died in Chengdu in the fifth year of Dali. Cen Shen's poems are good at seven-character songs. His representative work is "Baixuege Sends Magistrate Wu Back to the Capital". Three hundred and sixty poems exist. He has a close feeling for the scenery of the frontier fortress, military life, and the cultural customs of ethnic minorities, so he has many excellent frontier fortress poems. The style is similar to that of Gao Shi, and many descendants call him "Gao Cen". There are ten volumes of "Cen Can Ji", which have been lost. Today there are seven volumes of "Cen Jiazhou Collection" in circulation. "Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty" is composed of four volumes of poems.
2. The post road is broken by the bridge, and it is lonely and ownerless.
This poem means beside the broken bridge outside the inn. The plum blossoms bloom lonely and lonely. No one comes to appreciate it.
This poem comes from Lu You's "Bu Suanzi·Yong Mei". The original text is "Beside the broken bridge outside the post office, lonely and ownerless." It is already dusk and I am sad alone, and it is even more windy and rainy. There is no intention of struggling for spring, and once everyone is jealous. It fell into mud and was crushed into dust, but only the fragrance remained the same.
The translation of this poem is "Beside the Broken Bridge Outside the Inn." The plum blossoms bloom lonely and lonely. No one comes to appreciate it. Being alone in the evening is sad enough. It was blown away by wind and rain and fell in all directions. It blooms at the top of the flowers. But he has no intention of competing with the flowers to enjoy the spring glory. He just lets the flowers go and is always jealous. Even if the flower pieces fall and are crushed into dust, their everlasting fragrance will remain in the world.
"Bu Suanzi·Ode to Plum Blossoms" is a poem written by Lu You, a patriotic poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. This poem writes about the proud and unyielding plum blossoms in a fresh and refreshing mood, which is a metaphor for one's perseverance and unyieldingness. Deep and profound, it is the swan song in the plum poem. At that time, Lu You was at a low point in his life. The morale of his militant faction was low, so he was very pessimistic. The whole poem was very sad, especially the beginning, which exaggerated an indifferent atmosphere and his spirit of not fearing power.
Lu You (1125-1210), named Wuguan, also known as Fangweng, was a Han nationality and a native of Shanyin, Yuezhou. He was a writer, historian and patriotic poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. Lu You was born when the Northern Song Dynasty was overthrown, and he was deeply influenced by his family's patriotism when he was young. During the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, he participated in the examination of the Ministry of Rites, but his official career was not smooth because he was rejected by Qin Hui. After Emperor Xiaozong of the Song Dynasty came to the throne, he was granted a Jinshi background and served successively as the registrar of Ningde County in Fuzhou, the official of the imperial edict, and the general magistrate of Longxing Prefecture. Because of his persistence in resisting the Jin Dynasty, he was repeatedly rejected by the Zhuhe faction. In the seventh year of Qiandao's reign, at the invitation of Sichuan Xuanfu envoy Wang Yan, he joined the army and served in the Nanzheng shogunate. The following year, the shogunate was dissolved, and Lu You was ordered to enter Shu, where he became acquainted with Fan Chengda. After Emperor Guangzong of the Song Dynasty succeeded to the throne, he was promoted to be a doctor in the Ministry of Rites and a reviewer of the Academy of Records. Soon after, he was dismissed from office and returned to his hometown for "mocking and chanting the wind and moon". In the second year of Jiatai, Emperor Ningzong of the Song Dynasty ordered Lu You to go to Beijing and preside over the compilation of Xiaozong's and Guangzong's "Records of the Two Dynasties" and "History of the Three Dynasties". The official went to Baozhang Pavilion to prepare it. After the book was completed, Lu You lived in seclusion in Shanyin for a long time. He passed away in the second year of Jiading and left his last work "Shi'er". Lu You kept writing all his life and made great achievements in both poetry and prose. His poems have easy-to-understand language and neat and rigorous composition. They combine Li Bai's majesty and unrestrainedness with Du Fu's melancholy and desolation. In particular, their patriotic enthusiasm has a profound impact on later generations.
Lu You also has a talent for history. His "Book of the Southern Tang Dynasty" is "concise and accurate", and the historical commentary is colorful and has high historical value.
4. Cars rattled, horses rustled, and pedestrians carried bows and arrows at their waists.
The meaning of this poem is the sound of carriages and horses, and the pedestrians on the road are carrying bows and arrows on their backs.
This poem comes from Du Fu's "War Chariots". The original text is "cars are rolling, horses are rustling, and pedestrians are carrying bows and arrows at their waists." Ye Niang and his wife walked off to see each other off, but Xianyang Bridge was nowhere to be seen. He held his clothes, stamped his feet, and blocked the road to cry, and his cry went up to the sky. People passing by the road asked the pedestrians, but the pedestrians were confused. Or from Fangfang River in the north of Fifteenth, to Yingtian in Xiyingtian of Fortyth. When I left, my head was covered with hair, but when I came back, my hair was white and I was still guarding the border. The side court bleeds into sea water, and Emperor Wu is moved to the side. You don’t know, but there are thousands of villages in the two hundred states of Han Dynasty in Shandong where Jingqi grows. Even if there is a healthy woman with a hoe and a plow, there will be no crops in the long acres. Kuangfu Qin soldiers fought hard and were driven away by dogs and chickens. Although the elders ask, the servant dares to express his hatred? And now this winter, there are still many deaths in Kansai. The county magistrate is asking for rent urgently. Where will the rent and taxes come from? I know that it is evil to have a boy, but it is good to have a girl. If you give birth to a girl, you still have to marry your neighbor, but if you give birth to a boy, you will have to marry her neighbor. Don’t you see, Qinghai Tou has no one to collect the bones from ancient times. The new ghosts are annoyed and the old ghosts are crying, and the sky is dark and rainy, chirping.
The translation of this poem is as follows: The rumble of vehicles, the roar of war horses, and the marching soldiers with bows and arrows on their waists. Fathers, mothers, wives, and children rushed to see each other off. The dust raised during the march covered the sky and the sun, so that Xianyang Bridge could not be seen. They stopped the soldiers on the road, held their clothes, stamped their feet and cried, their cries rising into the sky. People passing by the road asked how the soldiers were doing. The soldiers just said that recruitment according to the roster was very frequent. Some people go to the north of the Yellow River to garrison at the age of fifteen, and even at the age of forty they still go to the western frontier to farm. When they went there, they tied up their hair with a scarf at the head of the village. When they came back, they had grown old and had to go guard the border. The blood of countless soldiers on the border formed sea water, and Emperor Wu's idea of ??opening up the border had not stopped yet. Have you not heard that the two hundred states and hundreds of thousands of villages in the Han Dynasty east of Huashan are covered with vegetation? Even if there are strong women plowing with hoes and plows, there are no rows of crops growing in the fields. What's more, the soldiers of Qin are able to fight hard and are no different from chickens and dogs when they are driven to fight. How dare those serving in the service dare to complain despite their elders' doubts? Just like this winter, the recruitment of soldiers west of Hangu Pass has not stopped. The county magistrate urgently urged the people to pay rent and taxes. Where did the rent and taxes come from? If you really know that having a boy is a bad thing, it is not as good as having a girl. If you give birth to a girl, you can marry a neighbor, but if you give birth to a boy, you will die on the battlefield and be buried in the grass. You haven't seen that on the edge of Qinghai, no one has buried the bones of soldiers who died in battle since ancient times. The new ghosts are annoyed and resentful, and the old ghosts cry. When the sky is cloudy and rainy, all the ghosts make shrill cries.
"War Chariots" is a narrative poem written by Du Fu, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty. The whole poem is divided into two sections based on "people passing by the road ask passers-by": the first section describes the tragic farewell, which is a chronicle; the second section conveys the husband's complaints, which is a chronicle. This poem has profound ideological content. It uses the concubine's answer to the old man to express the people's hatred of the war and exposes Tang Xuanzong's long-term militarism and continuous wars, which caused huge disasters to the people. The whole poem embodies emotion in the narrative. The order of the narrative is staggered and echoes back and forth. The opening and closing of the poem are orderly. The transitional sentences and idiomatic words are cleverly used, creating a heart-stirring artistic effect. The poet created his own new Yuefu inscriptions to describe current affairs, and made a pioneering contribution to the New Yuefu movement that emerged in the mid-Tang Dynasty.
Du Fu (712 AD - 770 AD), courtesy name Zimei, Han nationality, native of Xiangyang, was born in Gong County, Henan Province. Called himself Shaoling Yelao, he was a great realist poet in the Tang Dynasty. Together with Li Bai, he was known as "Li Du". In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, known as "Little Li Du", Du Fu and Li Bai are also collectively known as "Big Li Du", and Du Fu is often called "Old Du". Du Fu had a profound influence on Chinese classical poetry. He was called the "Sage of Poetry" by later generations, and his poems were called the "History of Poetry". Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Thatched Cottage. Du Fu created such masterpieces as "Spring Look", "Northern Expedition", "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells". In 759, Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Sichuan. Although he escaped the war and lived a relatively stable life, he still cared about the common people and national affairs. Although Du Fu is a realist poet, he also has a wild and uninhibited side. It is not difficult to see Du Fu's heroic spirit from his famous work "Song of the Eight Immortals in Drinking". The core of Du Fu's thoughts is the Confucian thought of benevolent government. He has the grand ambition of "bringing the emperors Yao and Shun to the throne, and then making the customs pure." Although Du Fu was not well-known during his lifetime, he later became famous and had a profound impact on both Chinese and Japanese literature. About 1,500 poems by Du Fu have been preserved, most of which are collected in "Du Gongbu Collection"
4. Thousands of sails passed by the side of the sunken boat, and thousands of trees grew in front of the diseased trees.
The meaning of this poem is that there are still thousands of sailboats passing by the capsized ships; there are thousands of thriving trees in front of the withered trees.
This poem comes from Liu Yuxi's "Rewarding Lotte and Seeing Gifts at the First Banquet in Yangzhou". The original text is the desolate land of Bashan and Chushui, abandoned for twenty-three years. Nostalgic, I recite the flute poems in the air, and when I go to the countryside to read them, I feel like a dead person. Thousands of sails pass by the side of the sunken boat, and thousands of trees spring in front of the diseased trees. Today I will listen to a song of Junge, and for the time being I will be refreshed by a glass of wine.
The translation of this poem is that I spent twenty-three years in desolate places like Bashan and Chushui. Remembering old friends and reciting poems about listening to the flute, after returning from exile for a long time, I feel that the scene is no longer the same as in the past. Thousands of sails are sailing beside the sunken ship, but thousands of trees are blooming in front of the diseased trees. Today I listened to the poem you recited for me, and for the time being, I use this wine to cheer me up.
"Rewarding Lotte and Seeing Gifts at the First Banquet in Yangzhou" is a seven-character poem composed by Liu Yuxi in the Tang Dynasty. This poem was written in the second year of Baoli (826) by Emperor Jingzong of the Tang Dynasty. Liu Yuxi returned to Luoyang from being the governor of Hezhou. At the same time, Bai Juyi returned to Luoyang from Suzhou. When the two met for the first time in Yangzhou, Bai Juyi wrote a poem at the banquet and presented it to Liu Yuxi, and Liu Yuxi also wrote a poem. answer. The first couplet summarizes the experience of being exiled to Bachu and surviving all kinds of disasters. Although the words "desolately" and "abandoned oneself" contain sadness, they are still majestic in their sentimentality, and they are especially vigorous in their sadness. The second couplet laments the decline of old friends and the different appearance of the past and present. "Wen Di Fu" and "Lan Ke Ren" are thought-provoking references to classics. What the triptych shows is a vibrant scene, in which lies the idea of ??metabolic evolution and the open-mindedness of dialectically viewing one's own predicament; in terms of technique, it combines poetry, painting, and philosophy, and uses images to The pictures express abstract philosophy and are of lasting interest. The tail couplet goes down, asking Bai to raise his glass and take a drink to cheer up his spirit. The whole poem is full of sincere emotions, ups and downs, and boldness in the melancholy. It not only reflects a profound philosophy of life, but also has a strong artistic appeal.
Liu Yuxi (772-842), courtesy name Mengde, Han nationality, was from Luoyang. He claimed that he was "originally in Xingshang and his native place is in Luoyang", and he also said that he was from Zhongshan. He was preceded by Liu Sheng, King Jing of Zhongshan, and in his later years he called himself a Lushan native. A writer and philosopher of the Tang Dynasty, he was known as the "poetry hero". In the ninth year of Zhenyuan (793), he passed the rank of Jinshi. At first, he served as the record office in the shogunate of Huainan Jiedu envoy Du You. He was highly regarded by Du You. Later, he entered the court from Du You and served as the supervisory censor. At the end of Zhenyuan, Liu Zongyuan, Chen Jian, Han Ye and others made friends with Wang Shuwen and formed a political group headed by Wang Shuwen. Later, he successively served as Sima of Langzhou, governor of Lianzhou, governor of Kuizhou, governor of Hezhou, doctor of host and guest, doctor of the Ministry of Rites, and governor of Suzhou. In Huichang, the school's Minister of Etiquette was inspected. When he died at the age of seventy, he presented it to the Minister of Hubu. Liu Yuxi was excellent in poetry and prose, and covered a wide range of themes. He was known as "Liu Liu" together with Liu Zongyuan, and was known as "Three Heroes" together with Wei Yingwu and Bai Juyi. He was also known as "Liu Bai" together with Bai Juyi. Famous works such as "Zhi Ci" and "Wo Yi Xiang". Three philosophical works, "On Heaven", discuss the materiality of heaven, analyze the origin of "Destiny Theory", and have materialistic ideas. There is the "Collected Works of Liu Mengde" and the "Collected Works of Liu Mengde" still exist.