2. the yellow sand wears golden armor in hundreds of battles, and the broken loulan is not returned. -Wang Changling's "Seven Military Services, the Fourth"
3. The wind is rustling in Shui Han, and the strong man is gone forever. -Anonymous "Jing Song Ke/Unique Water Song"
4. Why don't men take Wu Gou and accept fifty states in Guanshan? -Li He's "Thirteen Poems of South Garden" (5)
5. Falling red is not heartless, but turning into spring mud will protect flowers. -Gong Zizhen's "Ji Hai Miscellaneous Poems No.5"
6. oh! Although the three Chu clans can destroy the Qin Dynasty, are there any China? -Lu You's A Trip to Jin Cuodao
7. Life and death in the country is selfish, so why not every cloud has a silver lining! -Lin Zexu, "Going to the garrison to show the family, the second"
8. Sleeping at night listening to the wind and rain, iron horse glacier dream. -Lu You's November 4th Storm.
Jinling Wang Wan
Tang Dynasty: Gaochan
I used to accompany the clouds to dusk, and I still accompany the sunset to the autumn sound.
There are infinite painters in the world, and a piece of sadness can't be painted.
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The scenery of Jinling City in the sunset is accompanied by clouds and the sunset in the autumn sound.
There are countless painters in this world, but they can't draw their own inner sadness.
To annotate ...
Jinling: Nanjing today.
② Late green: the green scenery at sunset.
(3) Autumn sounds: natural sounds in autumn, such as birds, insects and wind. Ouyang Xiu has Ode to Autumn Sound, which depicts the sound of autumn with various metaphors.
4 Dan Qingshou: painter, painter. Painters, pictures.
Seven Songs of Joining the Army (4)
Tang Dynasty: Wang Changling
There is a dark snow-capped mountain in Qinghai, with long white clouds and a lonely city looking at Yumenguan.
Yellow sand wears golden armor in hundreds of battles, but the loulan is not returned.
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Qinghai Lake is covered with dark clouds, and the continuous snow-capped mountains are bleak. Yumen, the ancient city of frontier fortress, is a grand pass, thousands of miles away, facing each other from afar.
The soldiers guarding the border have been through many battles, their armor is worn out, their ambitions are immortal, and they will never return to their hometown until they defeat the invading enemy.
To annotate ...
(1) Joining the army: an old topic in Yuefu, which belongs to Qu Pingping, mostly reflects the hard life of the army.
⑵ Qiangdi: Qiang bamboo musical instrument. Guan Shanyue: The name of Yuefu, a cross-blowing song. Most of them are sad parting words.
(3) Solitude: One is "sitting alone".
(4) Nothing: helplessness, which means that you can't eliminate the anxiety of missing your loved ones. One is "Who can solve it".
5. new voice: new song.
[6] Guanshan: frontier fortress. Farewell: a "farewell".
(7) uneasiness: I am uneasy. The sorrow of frontier fortress: the sorrow of living in the frontier for a long time. Incomplete hearing: incomplete playing.
(8) Guancheng: refers to the guarding city of the border customs.
Clouds of sand: A sandstorm is like a cloud.
⑽ Table: On the table, write a book. Dust-covered bone: refers to buried bone. Cover up and bury.
⑾ Dragon shortage: wasteland.
⑿ Qinghai: It refers to Qinghai Lake, which is in present-day Qinghai Province. Ge Hanshu, a general of the Tang Dynasty, built a city here and sent Shenwei troops to guard it. Changyun: Thick clouds. Snow Mountain: Qilian Mountain, the top of which is covered with snow all year round, so it is cloudy.
[13] Gucheng: Yumen Pass. Yumenguan: The name of the border pass was set in the Han Dynasty, in the west of Dunhuang, Gansu. One is "Yanmenguan".
[14] Break: chop. Loulan: The name of the Western Regions in Han Dynasty, namely Shanshan Kingdom, is located in the southeast of Shanshan County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. King Loulan of the Western Han Dynasty communicated with Xiongnu and killed the envoys of the Han Dynasty who communicated with the Western Regions many times. Here, it generally refers to the minority regimes that often invaded the border areas in the northwest of the Tang Dynasty. Never Return: A work of "never return".
⒂ Former Army: refers to Taohe, the vanguard of Tang Jun, whose name originated in Xiqiao Mountain in the northwest of Lintao, Gansu, and finally flowed into the Yellow River.
[16] Tuguhun: the name of an ancient minority in China, a descendant of Murong in Xianbei in Jin Dynasty. According to "Biography of the Western Regions in the New Tang Dynasty", "Tuguhun lives in the grandson of Songshan Mountain in Gansu Province, west of Taoshui, and south to Bailan, with a land of thousands of miles." In Tang Gaozong, Tuguhun was defeated by the allied forces of Tang Dynasty and Tubo.
⒄ Pot: A handicraft made in the Western Regions in the Tang Dynasty, which can be used to store water.
⒅╅: Especially the imperial edict. Stellar gallop: galloping like a meteor, which can also be explained as galloping in the starry night.
Trick: refers to a mountain that stands upright like a barrier.
⒇ beacon tower: refers to beacon tower.
Jing/Du Yishui Song
Pre-Qin Dynasty: Anonymous
The wind blows in Shui Han, and the strong men are gone forever. (reply to one work: reply to another)
Explore the tiger's den, enter the dumpling palace, face upwards and exhale into Bai Hong. (This sentence is suspected to be a supplement to later generations)
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The rustling wind blew the Xiao on the shore very cold, and the strong Ke left and never came back. Killing the king of Qin is as dangerous as going to the Dragon Palace in the den of tigers, but our heroic spirit can even form a white flood. According to the history books, Gao Jianli struck the building, and Jing Ke's elegy "The wind blows the water cold, and the strong man is gone forever" was so tragic that the listener was furious.
After singing for a while, Jing Ke looked up and sighed, and a rainbow appeared in the sky. Gao Jianli changed a tune conveniently and the music became more exciting. Jing Ke went on to sing: Explore the tiger's den, enter the Jiao Palace, exhale from the sky, and turn into Bai Hong. Taizi Dan was finally deeply moved, kneeling on the ground and offering a glass of wine to Jing Ke.
To annotate ...
Rustle: refers to the wind. Yishui: refers to the name of water, which originated in Yixian County, Hebei Province, and was the southern boundary of Yan State at that time.
Xi: Modal auxiliary words.
Brave: Jing Ke is here.
The Fifth of Thirteen Poems of South Garden
Tang Dynasty: Li He
Why didn't the great man take weapons to collect the fifty States of the mountain?
Please go to see the paintings of the founder heroes with pictures. Another scholar was once called the aristocrat of a million families?
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Why don't men wear weapons to close the fifty States of Guanshan?
Please go to Lingyange, where there are heroes of the founding of the People's Republic of China, and see which scholar was once named the Marquis of every household in the food city.
To annotate ...
(1) Wu Gou: The machete made by Wudi, here refers to Bao Dao.
⑵ Lingyan Pavilion: A temple pavilion built by Emperor Taizong in recognition of meritorious service, with portraits of 24 people including Qin Qiong.
Ji Hai's Miscellaneous Poems (5)
Qing Dynasty: Gong Zizhen
The vast sadness of parting extends to the setting sun, away from Beijing, riding a whip to the east, feeling that people are on earth.
I quit my job and go home, just like a flower falling from a branch, but this is not a heartless thing. It can be turned into the soil of spring and can also play a role in nurturing the next generation.
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The sadness of parting extends to the distant sunset. When I left Beijing, I felt like I was at the end of the world with a wave of my whip to the east.
I quit my job and went home, just like a flower falling from a branch, but it was not a heartless thing. It has become the soil of spring and can also play a role in cultivating the next generation.
To annotate ...
Selected from the complete works of Gong Zizhen
Distinctive sadness: the sadness of leaving Kyoto, like waves, also means the author's inner injustice. Powerful: infinite.
Whip: The poet's whip. The East refers to the hometown of the East. Tianya: refers to the distance from Beijing.
Falling red: falling flowers. Flowers are distinguished by the red ones, so falling flowers are also called falling red.
Flower: a metaphor of a country. Namely: to.
A trip to Jin Cuodao
Song dynasty: Lu you
The yellow Jin Cuodao is covered with white jade and shines through the window at night.
Husband did not achieve fifty merits, and took care of the eight famine independently with a knife.
Jinghua makes friends with all strangers and falls in love with life and death.
Thousands of years of history, shame and anonymity, all of my heart reported to the son of heaven.
When you come to Tianhanbin to join the army, the light snow in Nanshan is rugged.
Oh! Although the three Chu clans can destroy the Qin Dynasty, are there any China?
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A treasure knife inlaid with gold and white jade. At night, its dazzling light shines through the window and goes straight into the sky.
This gentleman is 50 years old, but there is little hope of making achievements. He can only wander around alone with a knife, looking around, praying to show his ambition and try his hand.
I made friends with heroes and upright people in Beijing. They are congenial to each other and agree to fight for our country and share life and death.
I feel ashamed that I can't leave my name in the history books that have been circulated for thousands of years; But a Dan Xin always wants to destroy Land Rover and serve the son of heaven.
Recently, I came to the Hanshui River to join the army. Every morning, I look at the jagged Mount Zhongnan and the peaks covered with crystal snow.
Ah, although the State of Chu was eaten by the State of Qin, even if there are three families left, it will definitely destroy the State of Qin. If I am a big country in China, why should I drive Jin Lu out of the country?
To annotate ...
(1) Jin Cuodao: A knife decorated with gold.
(2) white jade: white jade. Also known as Bai Bi.
(3) Eight Famines: refers to remote areas in all directions.
⑷ Jinghua: the laudatory name of Beijing. Because Beijing is a place where cultural relics and talents gather, it is called. This refers to Lin 'an (now Hangzhou), the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty.
5] Chivalry: Extraordinary and refined. A person of outstanding moral character or intelligence.
[6] Spirit: lofty sentiments.
(7) stage: expectation; Meet. Here refers to mutual hope and encouragement.
(8) Shi Ce: namely, historical records and history books.
Levies Dan Xin: A sincere heart.
⑽ Erlai: Recently.
⑾ Tian Hanbin: Hanshui. This refers to Hanzhong area.
⑿ Nanshan: Zhong Nanshan, Qinling Mountains, in the south of Shaanxi Province. Rugged: The appearance of jagged and overlapping rocks.
[13] There are three households in Chu: During the Warring States Period, the State of Qin attacked Chu and occupied many places in Chu. The Chu people were furious, and there was Chu Nangong Cloud: "Although there are three Chu families, Qin will die." Meaning: Even if there are only three big families left in Chu, they have the ability to avenge and eventually destroy Qin. Three households refer to Qu, Jing and Zhao.
Two songs about going to the garrison for my family.
Qing Dynasty: Lin Zexu
Don't be sad when you go out to laugh, but open your heart everywhere.
Current affairs are difficult to establish, and senior officials are not born.
Looking back at the empty island, the wind and waves are counted nine times from the beginning.
Don't believe the frivolous language of children and sneer at him for giving Zhao Lao a lampstand.
If you are weak and mentally exhausted for a long time, you will be exhausted.
Based on this belief, I will serve my country at all costs, even at the expense of my own life, whether I am lucky or unlucky.
Exile is just the kindness of the king, and it is just right to keep humble and die.
The play tells a story with his wife, trying to destroy the old scalp.
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Traveling far from home, you will open your heart wherever you go. We should be optimistic and open-minded, not sad.
It's hard to be without faults in world affairs and state affairs, and even high officials and dignitaries are not born with them.
Looking back on Guangdong's vigorous anti-British anti-smoking campaign, I despise the British invaders. From now on, I will travel all over the motherland, watch its trend and count the mountains and rivers.
Ignore the schadenfreude and cynicism of such people, and despise such nonsense as "Zhao Lao sends a lampstand"
I feel exhausted because of my low ability and heavy responsibility. Taking on heavy responsibilities again and again, with my aging body and mediocre talent, is definitely untenable.
If it is good for my country, I will risk my life. If you are lucky, can you avoid troubles and face difficulties?
I was exiled to Yili because of your kindness and generosity. I'd better leave the army and become a mature soldier.
I joked with my wife in Zhi Lin, Dongpo that Song Zhenzong called Yang Pu and Su Dongpo to prison, saying that you might as well recite the poem "This time ruined the old scalp" to see me off.
To annotate ...
Li: Cheng.
② Mishima: refers to the British Isles, namely England, Scotland and Ireland in Britain. The review of these ten days' anti-British experience shows that there is no one in Britain.
③ Nine (gāi). Kyushu, the world, this sentence may be based on the story of Shu Hai from the East Pole to the West Pole in ancient mythology (see Shan Hai Jing Overseas East longitude), indicating that he would travel around to observe the situation.
(4) Children: refers to innocent people, refers to people who gloat over Lin Zexu's demotion.
⑤ Zhao Lao sent a lampstand: that is, the light language of the previous sentence. "Returning to the Field": "As the saying goes,' Lao Zhao sent a lampstand, which is gone forever. "At that time, the Qing court capitulationists cursed Lin Zexu. It is said that he was demoted to Xinjiang as "Zhao Lao sent a lampstand" and never came back.
⑥ Decadence: It means "decadence", senility and incompetence. Here is the word modesty.
⑦ To: Use and do. "Gou Li" sentence: Dr. Zheng Guo's son-in-law reformed the military tax, which was slandered by people at that time. Son-in-law Tian: "What harm! If you are profitable, you will live and die together. "(see" Zuo Zhuan Zhao Zhuan Gong Four Years ") This is a poetic language.
Because of guilt, 8: I was sent to a distant place.
Pet-name ruby support others: I still hide other people's words, I keep my duty and don't reveal my meaning. Gang: Just right. It is appropriate to be a guard. This poem contains indignation and injustice in humility.
Attending there are two more sentences in the play: The author noticed that Song Zhenzong heard about the poem of the hermit Yang Puneng and called to ask, "Is there someone here who wrote a poem for you?" "Yes, a minister's wife has a poem. As the saying goes, "don't drink a glass of wine because of depression, and don't sing a poem because of infatuation." Caught the general today, this time ruined the old scalp. "Laugh on the ground and put it back on the mountain. Dongpo went to prison and his wife cried when she was sent out. Pu said, "can't Zizi write a poem for me like Shi's wife?" "Wife unintentionally, but the slope. These two poems express his broad-minded mind with this allusion. Mountain wife: a title of respect for a wife. Story: Old stories, allusions.
1 1 On the 4th of the month, there were two stormy songs.
Song dynasty: Lu you
It's getting dark, and the wind has rolled up the rain on the rivers and lakes, splashing all over the mountains like huge waves.
The small fire and the felt wrapped around it are so warm that neither my cat nor I want to go out.
I lay sprawled in my lonely country, not feeling sad about my situation, but thinking about defending the frontier of the country.
The night will be over, I lie in bed listening to the sound of wind and rain, in a daze in my dream, riding an armored horse across the frozen river to the northern battlefield.
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The sky is dark, the wind is rolling the rain on the rivers and lakes, and the heavy rain on the surrounding mountains is like the sound of huge waves rolling.
The small fire burning in the stream and the felt wrapped around me are very warm, so neither the cat nor I want to go out.
I lay flat in the lonely and desolate country, not feeling sorry for my situation, but thinking about defending the country.
As the night drew to a close, I lay in bed and heard the sound of wind and rain. I dreamt in a daze that I rode an armored war horse across the frozen river to the northern battlefield.
To annotate ...
(1) Creek firewood: a small bundle of firewood in Ruoyexi.
⑵ Felt: Felt produced in southwest and southern minority areas of China, produced in Song Dynasty. Song Fan Chengda's Gui Haiyu Zhi Heng Qi Zhi: "There are barbarians everywhere in the southwest, and Dali is the heaviest. Barbarians lie during the day and at night. There are no nobles, but some people. "
⑶ Beaver slave: refers to the nickname of a cat domesticated by people in life.
(4) Stiff lying: unable to lie down. Here, I describe myself living in a remote village and doing nothing. Stiff, stiff
5. Lonely village: A lonely and desolate village.
[6] Don't feel sorry for yourself: Don't feel sorry for yourself.
(7) thinking: thinking, thinking.
(8) Garrison (shù) Luntai: Garrison in Xinjiang, which means guarding the frontier. Guard, guard. Luntai: In today's Xinjiang, it is an important frontier in ancient times. This generation refers to the border.
⑼ Midnight (lán): Late at night.
⑽ Wind and rain: Wind and rain are mixed, echoing the "wind and rain" in the title; At that time, the Southern Song Dynasty was in turmoil, and "wind and rain" was also a portrayal of the current situation, so the poet could not fall asleep until late at night.
⑾ Iron horse: A war horse in armor.
⑿ Glacier: a frozen river, which refers to the rivers in the northern region.