In Wu Shan's eyes, the balcony is green and red.
After the brocade sail, I smoked on the river at night, holding the lute and remembering the Forbidden City.
Looking at Yanyun in the north, there is no end, and Dajiangdong goes to the water.
The sun sets outside Western jackdaw, in four hundred states.
The blue sky is faint and the moon is barren, and the Huai fields on both sides of the strait are battlefield.
The maid-in-waiting sat awake, listening to the songs and cries of Xiangyang people.
Wan Li is strong and generous when crossing the river every day.
This song is so drunk tonight, who will watch it in the moonlight of Chang 'an?
On the Mid-Autumn Festival in the 17th year of Yuan Dynasty (1280), a man with a feather fan and a black turban suddenly came to the prison of the Military Forces Company to visit Wen Tianxiang. He was a famous musician in the Southern Song Dynasty, who devoted himself to the palace pianist Wang Yuanliang, a native of Qiantang. The pianist nicknamed Shui Yunzi lives in Zhao Qi because of his unique piano skills. When Lin 'an fell, Emperor Gong, his ministers and Mi Gong were captured by the Yuan Army and taken to the north. Yuan Shizu Kublai Khan knew that he was a musician with special skills, so he called him to the palace to play music, but Lv Lu remained the same, and things were different. He didn't want to go back to his old job and couldn't get rid of it, so he stayed in the Yuan Palace for three years. One day, I was lucky enough to get the imperial edict that Kublai Khan was a Taoist priest in Huang Guan, which is exactly what I wanted. From then on, he wore a cassock and held a feather fan, detached from things.
It is this Huang Guan Taoist who has a very painful feeling about "the pain of national subjugation and the worry of national subjugation". He used music to vent his resentment and poetry to express his grief. The famous Drunk Song is a true record of the court situation when the Southern Song Dynasty perished.
Among the poems of subjugation written by Song adherents, his "98 Poems of Huzhou" is the largest, truest, most concrete and most vivid group of songs that are easy to understand and are often quoted by historians. The whole set of songs began to be written in the first month of "Three out of Ten" when the Yuan Army surrounded Lin 'an, and continued to be written after entering the Yuan Dynasty. Now choose four most representative songs to see a spot.
The first song, written in the Southern Song Dynasty, when the monarch and his ministers left Lin 'an, the author looked at Wu Shan from afar and had infinite attachment. The poet left Wu Shan and shed a tear. But Wu Shan still seems to have tears in his eyes, and the pavilion is hidden among the green trees. Isn't it still vivid? From the poet's affectionate and long-term gaze, we can see his infatuation with his old country.
In the next two sentences, I imagined that I would go north by water, sit on a boat and stay awake at night. Facing the fog of a river, I felt sad, "holding the pipa" and hesitated to "remember the Forbidden City". The pain of national subjugation and the pain of leaving one's hometown are all in the image.
The second song was written when crossing the Yangtze River.
Poets on the Yangtze River, overlooking the north, that is, the land of the ancient sixteen states, are the terrible destinations of this trip. In front of me is "and I think the long river is always rolling forward". The south of the great river is still the same place, and crossing the great river is a foreign land in the north. The "River of No Return", with long flowing water, can wash away all my pains and troubles? Prosperity used to go with water, but now bitterness and hatred are longer than water. Water grows, hate grows, and tears follow the river.
Looking up with tearful eyes, I saw that "the sun is setting outside Western jackdaw", and Song Jiangshan, a great state in 400 States, has destroyed his opponent, and the pain of changing hands has broken his liver and intestines. This plain language contains many tears of patriotism and national subjugation!
In the third song, they arrived in Huaibei. At that time, they went all the way from the waterway to Huai' an and then changed to land. The poet saw on the boat that "the sky is dark and the moon is barren, and the Huai fields on both sides of the strait are exhausted." Huaishuigu is not only the battlefield of Song and Jin Dynasties, but also the battlefield of Song and Yuan Dynasties. Now, when we are on the battlefield, we will see bones and recall the past. Even the ladies-in-waiting will stay up all night, excited and sad, not to mention hearing people sing the ballad of "crying Xiangyang".
The first sentence of this poem is about bleak scenery, the second sentence is about bleak land, and the last sentence is about bleak songs and sad things. Who among these prisoners can sleep well here and now?
The fourth song was written when they reached the river along the canal. From the Yuan Dynasty to the first year, Hejian House was changed to Hejian Road in the Song Dynasty, and its jurisdiction was in the south-central part of Hebei Province, not far from Dadu. These prisoners have been scared all the way to Wan Li, and now they are almost at their destination. Everyone is looking forward to getting rid of the pain of being escorted as soon as possible, so they are "strong and lenient." However, the closer we get to the metropolis and the farther away from the old country, the stronger the sadness of going to the old country. Even if "this song is so drunk tonight", it is also "people are in Cao Cao and their hearts are in Han". It's hard to say it directly, so I refer to Lin 'an, the old capital of Chang 'an, Tang Dou. The moonlight in Lin 'an should be very good tonight! But who can see such beautiful moonlight? We can't see it, and we may never see it. What about the adherents of the South? They also have no such interest to appreciate. Then only those who win the prize are allowed to enjoy it, but let them enjoy the moonlight in our country. Isn't this our shame?
Only patriots will miss their motherland when they are far away from it and forced to smile. The word "strong" appropriately expresses the true feelings of missing and attachment to the country under the heavy pressure of "the pain of national subjugation and the sadness of national subjugation".
Wang Yuanliang's poems were all sung in plain language, like ballads, so there were many readers at that time. If the 98 songs of Huzhou are connected together, it is like a ballad-the sad history of the Southern Song Dynasty.