Dahe literature
20 19/02/22 17:45
First, the definition of modern poetry. Modern poetry requires poets to create typical artistic conception with saturated passionate imagination and reflect social life in a highly concentrated way.
I. Definition of Modern Poetry
Modern poetry requires poets to create typical artistic conception with saturated passionate imagination and reflect social life in a highly concentrated way;
Don't pay attention to meter, there are no fixed requirements for the number of words in each line and the number of lines in a poem. It mainly wins by the inherent musical power of poetry and language.
Second, the form and requirements of modern poetry
Poetry is the anatomy of the poet's soul, presenting all the poet's spiritual feelings and inner monologues.
Attribute analysis of consciousness: politics, economy, ethics, history, philosophy, aesthetics and life. ...
As far as their emotional state is concerned, there are cheerful, sad, excited, low-key, loving, hateful, angry, comfortable and depressed. ...
What is the best emotional point of a poem? From the perspective of art appreciation: in your identity; In creative practice, in your experience.
On the above two points, modern poetry requires:
① Use daily spoken language,
Seek to abandon algae accurately.
② Create a new rhythm.
(3) Require absolute freedom in drawing materials.
(4) Promote image and get rid of vague generalization.
Grasp the specific details.
⑤ Pursuing the firmness and clarity of poetry,
Exile confusion and generality.
The essence of poetry requires a high degree of concentration.
Third, perception
Let's talk about inspiration. The so-called inspiration is a psychological phenomenon of poets and artists in their creative activities. When the creator carries out artistic creation activities on the basis of rich life practice,
Because of the enlightenment of something, the mind is suddenly enlightened, and creativity is captured, followed by the outbreak of creativity and creative passion.
Ai Qing, a poet, said: "Inspiration is the poet's extremely harmonious and pleasant experience of external things and the poet's opening of the door to closed things. Inspiration is the concept of poetry.
"It can be seen that although the inspiration of poetry is accidental, it is ultimately the result of the long-term life accumulation and artistic preparation of poets and artists.
Feeling is the direct and indirect feeling and understanding of life, the basis of poetry writing activities and the starting point of the writing process.
Without a sense of life, it is impossible to enter the process of poetry writing and engage in poetry writing activities. That is, a person who has never seen grapes, especially one who has never eaten grapes, can never tell people whether grapes are sweet or sour.
Strictly speaking, the key to the success or failure of all poetry writing lies in the breadth, depth, old and new, and refined life perception. Writer Zhao Shuli said: "With life, there are themes and characters."
However, with the existence of life, it is worth pondering and studying. To put it bluntly, it is to perceive the breadth, depth, novelty and spirit of life.
Undoubtedly, perceiving life is the first iron threshold for poetry writing. It is the foundation that people who are interested in writing must pass through with their heart.
Fourth, refining.
Refining includes the whole process of pride, concentration and conception before writing. Is the second step after perception.
Although there is no standard definition of the word "refining" in the poetry circle, its basic meaning is clear, that is, refining and processing the direct and indirect meaning in life into the theme of poetry.
The most important thing in writing poetry is conception. Conception runs through the whole process of the poet's experience, thinking and writing, and also reflects the poet's originality and interest in the processing and transformation of life.
"The level of meaning determines the social value and aesthetic value of poetry, so many poets have worked hard on" meaning ";
At the same time, the meaning of poetry should be reflected in the lines of poetry, which should be hidden in images, and more hints, bending pens, long-distance metaphors and non-prescriptive symbolic techniques should be used.
Bian's Broken Chapters is a beautiful and difficult poem: "You are standing on the bridge watching the scenery/people watching the scenery are watching you/the bright moon decorated your window/you decorated other people's dreams".
Because of the correct portrayal of the symbolic meaning in the poem and the individualization of the poet's subjective feelings, this work is covered with a layer of mystery.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) combination
When writing poetry, we should not only choose words carefully, but also pay attention to the combination of words and lines, lines and lines.
Poetry is an art form with strong insight, which requires poets to express what they see, feel and think about something in a certain situation with highly artistic language.
Use poetry to expose one's mind, convey one's mind information and express one's deep feelings about objective things.
Feeling is a poet's cognitive activity to objective things and a direct grasp of aesthetic objects. Therefore, before we write poetry,
In other words, how to write this poem well should be conceived in advance before our brains conceive this poem, including the determination of the theme, the choice of living materials, the choice of poetic form and the arrangement of composition levels.
Generally speaking, conception is to make progress and success in the continuous exploration of a series of laws of unity of opposites, such as the poet's subjective feelings, the content and form of works in the objective world, the inheritance of tradition and the innovation of art.
Is the main idea of the poem straight to the point or straight to the point, is it to quote the classics without issuing them or to refer to them first, is it the word "phoenix crested pork belly" or "latitude and longitude"? The following briefly introduces the skills of several combinations:
(1) River-crossing bridge
Bridging across the river is a coherent and rigorous technique in poetry.
If there are no transitional words between the levels of a poem, it can't be connected and integrated, just like crossing a river and bridging a bridge. All parts of a poem are connected by transition.
(2) Chain combination
The chain structure is sequence structure or progressive step by step, peeling bamboo shoots layer by layer. There is always a complete story, a complete story, a complete story, a complete story.
No matter who you are, there are always changes in the process of growth and development, birth and death. Therefore, the most common way to write poems about such things and people is to use this chain combination that objectively reflects the internal changes of things and people.
(3) Image combination
The so-called image, the traditional usage of China's poetry criticism, refers to the basic elements of the poetic image, the picture drawn by the author in words in response to emotion and objectivity, and the specific single or fragmented image in a poem.
Pound said: "Image is such a thing, which shows the combination of reason and emotion in an instant.
"A described image may be that any kind of inner impulse is fully expressed or explained.
Image is also a radiation system ... a whirlpool, from which ideas are generated, and ideas pass through the image and constantly impact the image.
Images in poetry are often composed of descriptive words and traditional metaphors. Such as cold and hot feeling, music feeling and so on.
Poets attach importance to expressing their instant impressions, convey their feelings in a suggestive way, portray images for the purpose, and seek originality in metaphors.
When using this technique in modern poetry creation, it should be a combination of juxtaposition and superposition.
(4) unexpected
Quality, change, situation, etc. It means that things are unexpected, also called unexpected, unexpected.
People often say, "It's like looking at a mountain, but I don't like peace." The development of things has ups and downs, which makes readers have unexpected results, thus arousing readers' interest.
< 5 > Write your heart around the landscape.
In many cases, directly describing the psychological activities of characters is not conducive to the aftertaste of poems, and it is difficult to express delicate and complicated feelings.
Therefore, when writing poetry, we often don't attack directly, but take circuitous measures to pass some seemingly insignificant details.
In order to further hint and prompt the deep psychological activities of the self, thus receiving the effect of "conveying the meaning between the lines" and making the psychological description more memorable.
< 6 > create imagination
Creative imagination is a process of creating images independently according to existing materials and displays. The image created by general imagination is only the resurrection of memory representation, which is restricted by the prototype of life.
Emotional involvement is not so strong, and the image cannot be completely new. However, How the Water of the Yellow River Moves Out of the Sky and Flows into the Sea without Returning is a novel and bold victory, which is not bound by the prototype of life, thus giving readers a strong feeling.
"How the Yellow River Water Moves Out of the Sky" is inconsistent with life experience. However, due to the author's strong feelings, we feel that the water of the Yellow River rolling towards the sea, with the poet's emotional frenzy, is unstoppable.
If limited by life experience, it is only an unremarkable phenomenon to change the poem to "the water of the Yellow River comes from Qinghai". To create imagination, we must win with strangeness and full and mellow feelings. All three are indispensable.
〉 7 〉 looks ordinary, but in fact it is widowed.
Social life is rich and colorful, and people's thoughts and feelings are also rich and complicated. From time to time in our life, we will see such phenomena as "crying when singing Long song", "crying with joy", "great wisdom meets great wisdom" and "great wisdom is all thumbs".
At first glance, this phenomenon seems abnormal and unreasonable to us. But if we think about it. You'll find it's actually normal.
This abnormal phenomenon is normal, which provides an effective artistic means for us to express colorful life colors in poetry creation.
If we use this abnormal artistic means, our works will reveal the essence of things more deeply, making their works novel, touching and interesting, full of wonderful music and with strong artistic appeal.
(8) Creating artistic conception
Artistic conception is the artistic realm produced by the harmonious unity of the life picture depicted in literary works and the expressed thoughts and feelings with the subjective and objective.
Clever use, through imagination and association, can make readers be infected and cultivated in the subtle influence of artistic beauty, such as being there.
The artistic conception of a poem is a realm in which emotion, reason, form and spirit are integrated into one, causing readers to associate and imagine. In poetry aesthetics, it is a special term about art as a whole and its aesthetic effect.
It includes two aspects: first, it highlights the objective reflection of the life picture. The second is the subjective creation of the poet's thoughts and feelings.
At the same time, they need to be organically unified to achieve a seamless situation, full of strong artistic appeal.
When we create artistic conception, we must first make it clear that artistic conception is an artistic image produced by giving full play to the metaphor, symbol and suggestion of artistic image, which is itself a broader and far-reaching artistic realm.
In this realm, our creative ideas, interests, useless language and images are all concrete feelings, experiences and understandings, which may be more fully presented than the content of the artistic image itself.
Secondly, it should be clear that artistic conception is the harmonious beauty produced by the combination of reality and reality. The "truth" in reality is the "truth" of art,
This is a typical "reality" refined through our thoughtful research, analysis and generalization.
Not any real sight or emotion can work. Only by grasping the most typical real life pictures in real life,
After describing it realistically and vividly, the artistic conception can be formed by organically combining "real realm" with "virtual realm"
Thirdly, it should be clear that creating artistic conception is to express unique feelings with typical scenery. Only by turning the scenery into feelings can a vivid artistic conception be formed.
Conception of intransitive verbs
Conception is absolutely necessary for every poet and every work, but it is precisely because of its fine skills that a work is good or bad. Xie Mian has a saying that is vivid and reasonable.
"Extraordinary creativity may create a magnificent palace, while mediocre creativity can only produce the same matchbox. This "extraordinary" is novel, unique and profound, and it is a hard and creative labor.
One is: normal. That is to say, a poet should have subtle feelings and eyes, and find and dig out those novel and shining things that ordinary people have not observed in ordinary things.
The second is "seeking common ground while reserving differences". In other words, when dealing with the same and similar topics, we should seek "differences" and make unexpected discoveries.
At first, the poet used imagination to supplement his artistic conception, and added his innovative and even fantasy structure to reorganize emotional images and memory representations.
Because of this addition and creation, the theme will undergo a certain "qualitative change" when it comes to different poets, and there will be differences when aesthetic images are materialized into images. The poet's responsibility lies in this discovery and creation.
The third is "from the outside to the inside". That is to say, when you grasp a meaningful subject, don't just be satisfied with dabbling, but dig deeper to reveal something more intrinsic.
In some of our poems, we often apply a "color-point-intensive expression method", thinking that the richness of poetry and color is only the collection and addition of various colors.
If we don't go deep into the pulsating organic heteropoly, we have to consider grasping the theme.
Don't use it immediately "with hot spots", but think deeply, make it clear, and really find a breakthrough before you can think and write new ideas.
The fourth is: "a unique path." They are sensitive and keenly aware of the potential and darkness of new things where others have not noticed them.
Expand our imagination, including extracting profound and unique opinions, artistic means and artistic emotions.
Seven, poor Italian.
When writing poetry, no matter how strong things are, whether expressing feelings or ambitions, the poet's observation of the world and spiritual enlightenment are all transmitted and expressed through language.
Many people who study poetry are unaware of the position of language in poetry. They use language carelessly and carelessly.
There are three common problems in the use of language: two sides and three kinds.
One is to pick up a lot of ready-made, old and boring words, phrases or sentences, and the other is to pose and abuse words to create many "student accents".
Let's talk about the former. This language is poor, so I have nothing to say. Their performance is idle people who love to sit still and enjoy the fruits. Take writing rain as an example, they always like to use the old onomatopoeic word "Didi Didi".
I really don't understand. Without this word, it is difficult for people to understand what sound it is. Is there any way to tell people that it is raining?
Their misfortune, on the contrary, lies in forgetting the poet's obligation and expressing their feelings about the rain vividly and delicately with the language art of "almost being felt by the body" as Gorky said.