original text
No longer is the old country dead, Xie Wang should be rare in the old society.
In the Ming Dynasty, there was no shadow at the beginning of the Han River, and the Liangyuan was full of snow.
The catkin pond smells like a dream, and the pear garden is cold.
The Zhao sisters are jealous of each other and don't fly to Zhaoyang Hall.
Distinguish and appreciate
Poets lived in the era of national unity in the early Ming Dynasty, and people's thoughts were fixed. However, the image of "Bai Yan", who said in the poem that "the old country has fallen" and has been wandering all his life, has a deep pain in his heart, which has laid the foundation for his poems and is difficult to decide. Next, this poem made waves again, saying that this Bai Yan is hard to see among Xie Wang and other famous families. The author uses Liu Yuxi's poem "In the old society, Wang Xietang died and flew into the homes of ordinary people". One is to take care of the meaning of the previous sentence, and the other is to promote the image of "Bai Yan", which is independent of the Soviet Union, firm in ethics and unmoved by fame and fortune.
"Hanshui began to disappear, and the snowy Liang Garden did not return. The catkin pond is like a dream, and the pear garden is cold. " Bai Yan's posture is like a noble moon over the Hanshui River, like snowflakes dancing with the wind in the middle of winter in Liangyuan, like catkins whistling by the pond in late spring and pear blossoms quietly in the courtyard. Moon River has opened up a vast space for Bai Yan to soar. The feeling of "seeing nothing at first sight" is the urgency and melancholy that his noble character is difficult to be discovered and appreciated. "The Garden in the Snowland" has created difficult conditions for Bai Yan to temper his will. His "not yet returned" mind is his confidence and boldness. "Catkin Pond" has created a small harbor for Bai Yan to temporarily avoid the storm. The feeling of "dream" is her delicate heart and beautiful vision. "Liyuan" left Bai Yan with a faint elegance of quiet thinking, and the state of mind of "cold invasion of clothes" was the sadness of his own life experience. The poet organically combines the beauty of the objective environment with the sublime, magnificent, ideal and sober beauty in people's subjective world, realizing the leap from the beauty of natural form with appropriate metaphor to the beauty of far-reaching life realm, and achieving a dazzling flower in the poetic garden. The first couplet is the translation of Liu Yuxi's famous sentences, and the neck couplet is directly modeled after Yan Shu's "Pear Flower Garden Dissolves the Moon, Catkin Pond Faint Wind". This creative spirit of bringing forth the old and bringing forth the new is associated with the expression of metaphor, which not only makes the artistic image of "Bai Yan" clear and full; It also formed the artistic characteristics of this poem, such as unity of mind, flowing and freely tailoring.
Liangyuan Garden and Rabbit Garden are large gardens where scholars from all over the world gathered in Liang Xiaowang in the Han Dynasty, and they are often quoted and praised by scholars in past dynasties. Catkin Pond is reminiscent of Xie Daowen's If Catkins Rise from the Wind and Xie Lingyun's Spring Grass Grow in the Pond. This is the poet's allusion to Liang Yuan and Xie Jia, which shows that he was really impressed by many talents under Zhu Yuanzhang. Otherwise, how could he feel "sweet in his dream"? However, the good dream didn't last long, and the poet was suspected by Zhu Yuanzhang, so he had to pretend to be crazy and sell stupidity, was dismissed from office and went home, but narrowly escaped. "The cold in the pear garden invades the clothes", a poet in late spring, standing in the pear garden, feeling lonely and enjoying himself, which is a kind of sadness that is forced to stay away from the world. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang carried out a cruel talent policy of "golden jars invite each other, while white blades show no mercy to each other", which made it difficult for some people with lofty ideals to help the world. The reason is that although there is the temptation of "golden urn * * *", the tragic ending of "no mercy" really makes people feel scared. Contradictory wandering mentality, through euphemistic and sad description, shows the diversity and complexity of the poet's thoughts.
"Zhao sisters are jealous and don't fly to Zhaoyang Hall". The poet borrowed the allusions of Zhao and Zhao's sisters who devoted themselves to the Han Emperor, which not only realized the transformation from writing to writing, but also sublimated the topic and set off a climax. On the surface, it seems that the mutual suspicion of Zhao sisters is used to compare the rivalry of some literati. In fact, it is written about the unreasonable suspicion and cruel suppression of talented people by people with imperial power. This is an honest intellectual who was frightened and survived the robbery. He lamented in the face of bloody reality, but also exposed and accused the dark feudal autocracy in silence, which just showed the sympathy of intellectuals who were deceived and trampled at that time. Therefore, as soon as the article came out, it was circulated for a period of time, and the author also won the reputation and praise of "Yuan Baiyan".
Brief introduction of the author
Yuan Kai, born and died in an unknown year, was a poet in the early Ming Dynasty. He is famous for his poem Bai Yan, and is called Yuan Baiyan. A native of Huating, Songjiang (now Songjiang County, Shanghai), Hongwu served as the censor for three years (1370). Later, he was dissatisfied with Zhu Yuanzhang, pretended to be crazy, went home because of illness, and eventually "died of illness." He is the author of four volumes of Hai Tang Ji.