I am studying in North America, and my children have been asking me about my study and application. It's hard to answer if you don't know. Answer, as if I were going to teach someone. Lessons are the most unreliable things. Other people's business is to watch a hot war and fight it yourself. I finally wrote this article, which was time-consuming and laborious, and the time was too tight, so I shelved an important task and paid the price. Life is cruel, and the pawn crossing the river can only go forward desperately. Look at the long-term future goals and try not to let a day pass. As long as I look at the awesome people around me, the academic superman, I feel that I should carry it hard, instead of looking back like this (self-pumping).
My present life is called yard life. The center of the school is a fenced yard, and the noise of tourists has not changed its quietness. The yard is a huge lonely heart. Everyone has their own concerns. Working 12 hours every day is the normal state of life. It is immoral to study less than 8 hours, and you dare not study. In order to keep an excellent record, you can't have any failures on your resume. An Israeli senior who often meets in the library said, "I have been here for the seventh year, and I don't regret every day I spent here." I haven't seen a classmate who is not diligent either. If you were not diligent, you wouldn't come here. "His expression and temperament is the kind of person who is calm and strong, knows what he is doing and knows how life should be realized. I looked up at this sentence in shame, "I don't regret spending every day here." "
I am like a child of migrant workers in the United States, studying in the city. Spectacular library, dense resources, a group of people with early enlightenment and extremely hard work get together to form a big bullpen. Most of Niuren's classmates come from superior backgrounds, and their learning environment is incomparable to mine. They all attended solid language training courses. Some people 12 years old began to learn Latin and Greek, some people took French literature classes in several universities in high school, and some people went to at least ten countries every year. One even said, "I didn't waste the past six summers." I was in a language class. " My mind suddenly thumped, remembering that I, a poor man, wasted my summer vacation and weekends and didn't attend any language classes, such as French Union, Gaode College and New Oriental. I worked as a summer job in New Oriental before going abroad. My tutor dropped his glasses and said, why don't you study at this time? ! )。 My French and German are self-taught, and I am still very sad. If I have to choose again, if conditions permit, I will sign up for a language class instead of studying by myself coldly.
So try to go to school as early as possible and learn something that will benefit you in the long run, such as language. If a worker wants to do a good job, he must sharpen his tools first, and only by learning a language can he go far. When it comes to doctoral students, the biggest worry is that there are too few original books to read. I think I waddled through some books on philosophy and theory and followed them happily. Once I saw three unknown names on a course website, agamben, de Seto and Judith Butler, which are very related to me. I thought to myself, I am really ignorant. Go and look for it, so I followed, called "follow closely". The way to read is to pick sesame seeds from corn and follow what you see. It's a mess. A well-written book, but I can't read it myself, and I haven't learned anything from it. I just think it's fun and broaden my horizons. Maybe it's just a name. Theoretical books and second-hand literary criticism are easy to read, but not easy to read. It takes a lot of effort to read through the original text and understand who you are discussing and how you read it carefully. If you don't know the context and the original knowledge, reading second-hand books is of little benefit and tasteless.
I have a terrible idea. "Don't learn art at 30", when you reach a certain age (of course, 30 doesn't really mean this), you will be depressed, protect yourself and have no initiative to learn things. Especially when learning a foreign language, the resistance from the mother tongue is very harmful. Mother tongue is your comfort zone, so it's easy to stand still. You learn a language in class and follow the teacher and classmates, but after class, it has nothing to do with that language. You don't even want to do your homework or read the text, let alone think and write actively. The older you get, the less you want to do basic work, eager to win, pressed for time, and unable to show perseverance. Study hard while you are young!
Language is the lifeline of liberal arts, and the minimum requirement of general comparative literature is three or four languages. Doctoral programs in the United States often have a theoretical exam and an original exam. For example, in my school, one is a general composition test to test the ability of analysis and argumentation, and the other is a reading test to test the original reading in three languages. Language is not to learn to play, but to learn related courses and take related exams. French class is French discussion and Italian class is Italian discussion. Small papers can be written in the original text, and big papers can be written in English (of course, it is best to write in the original text). There are endless people, and there are many people who can speak eight languages, with a great span. Besides French, German, Spanish and Latin, there are Greek, Chinese, Japanese, Hindi, Sanskrit, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, Russian, Norwegian, Chinese and Japanese. Such a difficult combination is simply too difficult to learn. Reading check is very reasonable. It is important to read the works, the original works and the English translation. It is deceptive, irresponsible and impossible to get by. The word responsibility is very important. )
Reading is above all else in language learning. The reason why Chinese is not good is that reading is not enough. Reading gives language meaning, and both oral English and writing can be practiced from reading. You read too many books, and your thoughts and expressions have changed. Tell a short story: In the year of graduate school, my friend A took a job of translating Chinese into English and asked B to do part of it. B submitted the manuscript, and A found it unqualified and made great efforts to revise it. She sighed with me: "I can't believe my language ability is so poor that I have to redo it." I was surprised, too. Not at all. B is a graduate student in Peking University. A said indifferently, "I read little." I fell in love with them at once. These four words are very weighty! We should put up a plaque, and the alarm will go off. Later, I began to wonder how many books people around me had read. I met my classmate L now, and she got three degrees in Chinese, French and Spanish. I asked her how many French literature courses she had taken, and she said eight. Asked how many French books she had read, she said that there were probably more than 30 novels, more than 30 plays, and poems were hard to count. Suddenly so depressed. It may be similar to my English literature, but I also got two other degrees. My French is not good and my writing is not good. The root cause is that I read less. For liberal arts students, reading is fundamental, and communication in daily life is not difficult. The difficult thing is to express ideas and arguments, learn to be mature and use them like one of our own. It is very uncomfortable to speak in class.
A very fundamental thing is to arrange your time reasonably (take another rest). Talk to the teacher about the summer language class. He attended an ancient Greek abuse class in new york. He actually attends class for 8 hours every day. Except for sleeping and eating, he spends the rest of his time writing all kinds of homework exercises, which takes about 6 hours. Quiz every day, big exam every week, study until two or three in the middle of the night every day. So I persisted in 10 week and studied for about two years. There are many language classes, not the craziest, only the craziest. People who sign up for this class must be tough, otherwise their nerves will collapse. In high-intensity study, he keeps exercising. I asked him how he did it. He said categorically: I have been running every day for more than ten years, no matter how busy I am, it is a part of my life! In a stressful situation, you should especially restrain your behavior. You should consider the consequences of indulgence. Don't do what you will regret now. For example, eating, I don't eat junk food or pizza, because if I eat pizza, I can't run! No matter how busy I am now, I cook by myself to ensure a reasonable diet and healthy habits. People who have exercise habits are like this. You don't consciously give orders, but follow the needs of your body. Let your will follow your body, not your body reluctantly obey it! In order not to conflict in life, we must arrange the time!
The following is more specific. The key words are: foreign courses, Google, radio, audio books, electric donkeys, electronic dictionaries, podcasts. I am out of date. Please look around. Please automatically ignore outdated content. Children are superior in conditions and naturally come from behind. Don't take detours if you can go straight.
When I was an ignorant rural primary school student, I often went to the course websites of foreign universities. Many schools put their courses online, but the institutions in China are relatively closed. You can look at foreign websites, which are other mountains' jade. Eyes are always bigger than appetite. I can't read. At least I know the bibliography, which is still useful to me. It is an ignorant yearning to go to Harvard, Yale and other online strolls from the freshman year to see what books people read, what classes they take, and find reference books to read. Books are mainly classic books, which are easy to find all over the world. What is needed most is the light to guide the way. The first time I read Homer's epic and Plato, I found it after reading Yale's courses (of course, I don't want to read any books without reading English). Later, when I was a graduate student, I had to look at critical works and literary theories. University books are also very useful, such as curriculum modules and reading lists of British universities. I often think of my peers, those lucky people who have received another kind of education, what they are doing and how fast they are making progress. I can feel a spur.
If you are looking for information, there are some academic web pages dedicated to a certain work, a certain work and a certain category, and ready-made bibliographies are given. You can find things online by hand, but it doesn't take too much effort. You became a book cover expert without reading. There is a correct way to read. After being recommended by one book, jump to another book.
Google scholar, I think everyone uses it often. There is also a great product in the Google family called Google book. The coverage is very strong, so you can preview it. For example, if you type croxton play, a large number of books will pop up to discuss this work. Online preview saves the time of rummaging in the library. Technical tips can be quickly explored. For example, many pages can't be browsed directly, but you can browse pages by searching in books. Books that are not available in domestic libraries can be read through Google book. Some old books that have passed the copyright period can be generously read and downloaded in Google book. I strongly recommend three Divine Comedy books written by john carroll, which should be translated! The first two books can be downloaded, and the third one is coming soon (called In Patria, and the inscription on the title page is in Via et of Patria). George sainsbury, a famous old scholar in the past, can be downloaded. And Wikipedia, a daily necessity. It is not completely unsealed in China. I saw it through answers.com, and it included Wikipedia materials. I don't know what to do now, but there must be a way to break through.
Website broadcast. This is good for learning English. BBC's online broadcasts can basically be downloaded by software such as flashget (or the flashget plug-in can be installed in firefox). Recommend BBC art and drama, drama and literature reading programs, a steady stream of Dickens novels (his old man doesn't stop all year round), and various classic works. I can't sleep when it's cold in winter. I listen to BBC with headphones on in bed. At that time, I listened to villette, Little Du Li, Narnia legends and plays (Shakespeare, Chekhov, Bernard Shaw, Wilde, and rare new plays). In this way, I cultivated a deep love for audio books. Reading aloud is not visually oppressive, and it is pleasant and fulfilling to follow the original and the author. When listening to Voyage, I think Woolf's language is really interesting, and you can't understand it until you read it. Many works are like this, and recitation is a compulsory course for language majors. Pleasant British English sounds really happy. Students with poor English listening can insist on listening slowly, which is more instructive than watching American dramas. A masterpiece is a masterpiece, which enriches the mind.
The main advantages of campus network are BBS and ftp, which create a lovely group. Ftp is destined to be the patent of campus network. After leaving campus, I miss all kinds of film and television stations, science and education information points, music stations and animation stations I have been to, such as the famous literary film PositionRocker.cc. However, the campus network is a relatively closed place with limited information sources. In addition to animation variety shows and American and Japanese dramas, Li Ao's speech, steamed bread events and other hot spots spread in time, and other information and updates were relatively few, with more repetition. Ftp is a good place for recreation and enjoyment, but you have to find the special resources you need yourself. There are a lot of materials in ftp voice station, but it seems that most of them are scanning and recording textbooks, which is the basic learning of a second foreign language. If you have a certain foundation, it is recommended to study Top thema of Deutsche Welle and news 7 Jours sur la Planete of France TV5 to practice listening, with words for reference and the latest interesting current events. Now I recommend Italian TV station RAI Click. His TV is more generous than BBC, and all TV programs are online. The Italian version of War and Peace is really eye-catching. RAI also has a literary program, ad alta voce, which reads audio books. It's a pity that I'm no longer an idle graduate student at Peking University. I have no time to watch TV, and I dare not watch movies. )
After all, the audio books collected by radio stations are limited. When I left the embrace of campus network, I entered the stage of electric donkey. When we get to the electric donkey, the world will be big, free and broad (and slow down). How flat and open the world is. I burst into tears when I found the history of the decline and fall of the Roman Empire recited in English. So many unexpected treasures have been online, and they are still increasing. Hanging electric donkeys at snail speed day and night, the nature of crazy collection broke out, and more and more audiobooks were collected. French, Moliere, Balzac, Hugo, Baudelaire, Rambo, Proust, German Bible, Divine Comedy, Schiller, Hesse, Italian Bible, manzoni, Calvino, Svevo ... Are there many readers in Europe? Are there many audio books? Some things are incredible. Critique of Pure Reason has a German edition. Too many, can only be regarded as preparing for cultivating sentiment after retirement. When I am old and retired, I will listen to these games. Or as food for famine: once you lose your language environment, you can use these listening materials to maintain your language ability.
The next step of the electric donkey is the ipod. A lot of information has been accumulated online, but people are not always in front of computers. When using a computer, it is often when doing things and writing things. Finally, one day, I found the trick and bought an ipod. Why did you make this decision? Because I was scared to death by a Spanish classmate. We went to other schools to have Divine Comedy lessons and came back in her car. She plays Italian fairy tales instead of music in the car. She innocently asked me: What do you think? This is a serious classmate, and I totally believe that her ipod is full of educational content. I am ashamed that her Italian is better than mine. The next day, I went to the store and bought an 80G ipod classic. Since then, I have become a supporter of the ipod. Now that I am aware of my ipod, I can finally think less about vulgar things and add cultural flavor to my life. Last year, I asked a classical student what was going on in his mind when he walked. He said, recite Greek and Latin words. I think crazily, it's really a reading seed. Gibbon is one of the greatest writers in England. When walking by car, I often laugh when listening to the decline and fall of the Roman Empire in the Spring and Autumn Period with headphones on. So much information about France and Italy finally worked. When studying in the library, it is of great help to understand and remember the Divine Comedy by listening to a book. I heard it several times in the process of "The betrothed couple". Manzoni is better than Hugo. I haven't read this great European novel for a long time. What a surprise. Walking in the heavy snow all over the sky, Italian recitation echoed in my ears. Paul's elegant and powerful letters and letters really gave people an irresistible confidence.
After I got my ipod, I started listening to podcasts and webcasts. So many educational institutions and radio stations have released broadcasts. To do this, open itunes, go to the itunes store, search and select a program. You can listen to it on your computer or download it to your ipod/mp3. The following are some educational programs, all recorded by the professor. Literature of the French Academy (French, slow explanation, clear and easy to understand), Alexandro Manzoni (Italian, full text reading, each chapter is explained), Divina Commedia (Italian, classroom recording, each chapter is explained). Similar programs are quite rich. Italians seem to love podcasting. There are programs in classical literature, mythology, Boccaccio, Gordoni,15th century,16th century,17th century and all the way to the 20th century. This is probably related to the teaching style in Italy, where there are more lectures than discussions. When I listen to this, I practice my ears and create a language environment for myself, which is of little use in knowledge. In addition to these literary broadcasts in French and Italian, there are also lectures on Oxford Medieval English, art history, philosophy and political philosophy, which can be listened to according to your interests. There are many news programs, and all major media stations have their own podcasts.
People's voice (the voice of books) can be addictive, and academic requirements can be developed into their own hobbies. We are fortunate to be born in the best electronic age in human history. Sound is no longer fleeting, but can be circulated, copied and replayed to all corners of the world. Everyone knows that roberto benigni is the director and star of A Beautiful Life, but he may not know that he is an outstanding reciter who can recite The Divine Comedy by heart. He loved Dante, traveled to Italy and recited the Divine Comedy. There are several videos he recited on Youtube. In the reading of Divine Comedy that I have heard, he deserves to be the first. I never dreamed that I would hear his full text. When you read a poem, you must read it and even recite it. Think about the ability of Shakespeare's actors to recite lines in the past. This is a great tradition. Reciting foreign languages every day will definitely help. Silent reading will miss something, while reading aloud will bring you closer to the text and the author's writing. Really, it's like experiencing how to manage the text and structure when writing this article.
Ftp should have many electronic dictionaries. We can only rely on electric donkeys. I recently downloaded an Italian dictionary, an Italian-English dictionary, and I can't put it down. Oxford Superlex is strongly recommended, which integrates Britain, France, Britain, Germany, Britain, West and West. This page of CNKI translation assistant is very interesting. You can see how some strange things are translated in Chinese papers.
Finally, I would like to remind you that computers and ipod tempt people to play with things and get discouraged. They should try their best to accumulate, sort out and classify their own documents and exercise restraint. Not to mention other distractions of audio-visual and chat. I didn't have a computer when I was an undergraduate, so I had to study hard against the wall. When I was a graduate student, my computer was scrapped, so I lost my will to play with things and gained little. Now some American students live in houses without internet. They can read and write at home, saying that this is the secret of productivity. This is a good lesson. We should use the internet, not rely on it. It's this classmate. Last Thanksgiving, I asked him: What did you do during the holiday? He said disappointedly that he didn't go out and stayed indoors. I'm just working except when I'm running. This is the day of doctoral students, running and working = yard life.
Well, I wrote these groping experiences and nondescript lessons and completed the task of answering children. It is irresponsible for this joint to write these things, and the consequences are very serious, and all the five internal organs are burned. Hurry back to the yard life and be a responsible graduate student. I wish you all the best and fruitful in the new semester. Hope is a good thing. It is a wonderful state to have a long-term goal and an enterprising determination to keep a full life. Describing yard life will only increase my sadness about my unreliable life. Now I roll aside, bury myself in my studies and face the wall.
Some links:
Bbc arts and advertising. Drama ki.net/dict.aspx
John Smith Carroll
/books? ei = y5u 5r-swk 5 gszqt 9 VQ 2 adq & amp； John Smith Carol & ampbtnG = Search for books.
Dante and Aquinas
/books? id = IA0MAAAAIAAJ & amppg=PA 124。 AmpDante and Aquinas & Amplr = & Ampei =16a5r87kgjo0yqtwgqxecw
Anyone who displays the full view can download it, and there is a download sign in the upper right corner.