Friendly Farewell Poems
Farewell 1
Anonymous
The willows are green and blowing on the ground, and the poplars are flying in the sky.
When all the wicker branches are broken and all the flowers fly away, I would like to ask the passerby whether he is returning home.
Notes
1. This poem is found in Cui Qiong's "Dongxu Ji". The author's name is not recorded, and it was probably written during the Daye reign of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty.
2. Break all the willow branches: The ancients had the custom of breaking willow branches to say goodbye.
Send Du Shaofu to Shuchuan 1
Wang Bo
Chengque assists Sanqin 2, and the wind and smoke look to Wujin 3.
The meaning of farewell to you is that we are both eunuchs 4.
There are close friends in the sea, and they are as close to each other as far as the end of the world5.
Inaction is on Qilu 6, and the children are wet with towels.
Notes
1. Shaofu: official name, namely county lieutenant, in charge of the security and military affairs of a county. Which: go, go. Zhi Ren: Go and take office. Shuchuan: generally refers to the land of Shu.
2. Que: The watchtowers on both sides of the ancient palace gate. Chengque: This refers to Chang'an. Assist Sanqin: Assisted by Sanqin, that is, under the protection of Sanqin. Sanqin: refers to the area of ??the ancient Qin State, in today's Shaanxi area. After the fall of the Qin Dynasty, Xiang Yu divided the Qin homeland into the three kingdoms of Yong, Sai, and Zhai, and later generations called this area the Three Qins.
3． Wujin: The Yangtze River in central Sichuan has five ferries in the section from Jianyan to Jianwei, namely Baihuajin, Wanlijin, Jiangshoujin, Shetoujin and Jiangnanjin, collectively called Wujin.
4. Official travel: traveling far and wide for the purpose of becoming an official.
5. Bi: In ancient times, five families were connected as Bi. Neighbor: Nearby. These two sentences are adapted from Cao Zhi's "Giving the White Horse to Wang Biao" "The husband has ambitions all over the world, and he is still close to his neighbors thousands of miles away. Love is not lost, and we are close even when we are far apart."
6. Wuwei: No, no need. Qi Lu: Fork in the road, refers to the place where we part.
Comments
1. Gaiqi Liang surrendered and followed Qi Mi. If you don’t have a great expression, you can clean it up. Among the five-character rhymes in the early Tang Dynasty, Wang Bo's "Send Off Many Poor Roads" and "Chengque Assists the Three Qin Dynasties" and other works have no scenery in the final chapter, but the mood is gentle and the backbone is clear. The five-character poem also expresses sadness and desolation, and washes out the flow. Looking at his talent, he is the founder of the Tang Dynasty. The collection of relics and the official department are extremely modest and not overly beautiful. (Volume 4 of Hu Yinglin's "Shi Sou" in the Ming Dynasty)
2. Wang (Bo) was good at describing the scenery, so it was beautiful. As in "There are close friends in the sea, and there are neighbors in the world." This true truth is so indelible that people can't hear it because of their habit. This is what Zhang Qujiang meant when he said, "We know each other no matter how far away we are, but we are still neighbors thousands of miles away." (Qing Dynasty·He Shang's "Another Compilation of Poems about the Wine Garden")
3. (There are close friends in the sea, and they are like neighbors in the world) If you don't say sad words when you say farewell, your courage will be different. (The First Collection of Three Hundred Tang Poems by Sun Zhu of the Qing Dynasty)
Sent Wei Da to join the army 1
Chen Ziang
The Huns were still not destroyed 2, Wei Jiang returned to the army 3.
Farewell to Sanhe Road 4, and chase the heroes of Six Counties 5.
Yanshan Mountain crosses Daibei 6, and Husai connects to Yunzhong 7.
Don’t let Yan Ran go to 8, only leave Han to go to 9.
Notes
1. Wei Da: His surname is Wei. He ranks first among the brothers, so he is called Wei Da.
2. Xiongnu: a nomadic people in the north in ancient times. The Xiongnu tribe had already disappeared during the Tang Dynasty. Here, it refers to the ethnic minorities who invaded the Tang Dynasty, and also implicitly uses the "Hanshu Biography of Huo Qubing": "The Xiongnu are not destroyed, and they have no home."
3． Wei Jiang: A senior official of the Jin state during the Spring and Autumn Period. He used the policy of harmonizing the Rong to relieve the Jin state from border troubles such as Shanrong. Here he refers to Wei Da. Congrong: join the army, join the army.
4. Sanhe: In ancient times, the three counties of Hedong, Hanoi, and Henan were called Sanhe, which was roughly the north and south sections of the Yellow River near Luoyang, Henan today.
5. Six Commandery Heroes: Refers to Zhao Chongguo, a famous general in the Western Han Dynasty. He was from Longxi. He had meritorious service in defeating the Xiongnu and was granted the title of Marquis by the general. Later, when the Western Qiang rebelled, Zhao Chongguo, who was more than seventy years old, still galloped to Jincheng, defeated the enemy army, and returned with renewed strength. Six counties: refers to the six counties of Longxi, Tianshui, Anding, Beidi, Shangjun, and Jincheng. It was the northwest frontline of the Han Dynasty to defend against foreigners such as the Huns.
6. Yanshan: Yanmen Mountain, also known as Gouzhu Mountain, is located in the northwest of Dai County, Shanxi Province. The mountains are steep and steep, the mountain roads are winding and rugged, and there is a pass at the top, named Yanmen Pass. It has been an important place for garrison since ancient times. Dai: that is, Dai Prefecture, whose jurisdiction is relative to today's Dai County, Wutai, Fanzhi, and Yuanping in Shanxi Province. It is a barrier that protects the Central Plains region.
7. Husai: that is, Feihusai, located at Feihukou in Laiyuan, Hebei Province today. Yunzhong: The name of the county in the Tang Dynasty, in today's Datong, Shanxi.
8． Yanran: The name of the mountain is Hangai Mountain in the territory of the Mongolian People's Republic today. In the first year of Yongyuan of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the cavalry general Dou Xian defeated the Northern Huns. He once climbed Yanran Mountain and carved stones to commemorate his achievements before returning.
9. Han general: refers to Dou Xian.
Send to Chen Zhangfu 1
Li Qi
In April, the south wind blows, the barley turns yellow, the jujube flowers have not yet fallen, and the tung trees grow in the shade 2.
We see each other again in the morning and evening on the green hills, and we go out to neigh our horses and miss our hometown 3.
How magnanimous is Chen Hou’s body? 4 His beard and eyebrows are still broad and broad. 5
There are ten thousand volumes of books in my belly 6, and I am unwilling to bow my head in the grass 7.
I drink too much wine at the east gate, but my heart is light and everything is like a feather 8.
I lie drunk and don’t know the sunset. Sometimes I look at the solitary clouds in the sky.
The waves on the long river are so dark that the boat stops at Jinkou and cannot be crossed.
Zheng Guo’s tourists did not reach home 10, and Luoyang’s travelers sighed in vain 11.
I have many acquaintances in the old forest after hearing the news. What happened yesterday and today when I was dismissed from office? 12.
Notes
1. Chen Zhangfu was born in Jiangling (now Jiangling County, Hubei Province). This poem was written by Li Qi as a farewell gift when he returned to his hometown after being dismissed from office.
2. Yin: Same as "yin".
3. "Qingshan" two sentences: It means that Chen Zhangfu felt homesick because of the green mountains he saw day and night. It is said that I came back soon because I was homesick, which means I said goodbye to the green mountains of my hometown in the morning and saw them again in the evening. Hiss: Ma Ming.
4. Chen Hou: An honorific title for Chen Zhangfu.
5． Qiu: curled up. Daqi (sǎng): broad forehead.
6. Store: save.
7. "Refuse" sentence: It means that you are unwilling to bury the grass and want to make a career. Chen Zhangfu once applied for the imperial examination and passed the examination, but because he had not registered his household registration, the Ministry of Civil Affairs refused to hire him. After he petitioned hard, the Ministry of Civil Affairs had no choice but to make an exception and make an exception. This was praised by scholars all over the world, and Chen Zhangfu became famous all over the world. However, his official career has always been unsatisfactory. Grassy:
8. Two sentences of "East Gate": It is written that although Chen Zhangfu is a retired official, he only drinks and sleeps with the author and others, but he regards the world as light as a feather. 酤(gū)jiu: buy wine. Cao: generation, peer. Hongfei: The feathers of wild geese, a metaphor for extremely light things.
9． Jinkou: Ferry.
10． Yingyang (near today's Xuchang, Henan), where Li Qi lived, was the hometown of the Zheng State in the Spring and Autumn Period, so he called himself a "traveler from the Zheng State".
11． Luoyang Xingzi: refers to Chen Zhangfu. He often moves around Luoyang and Songshan, so he is called.
12． "Smell" two sentences: I heard that you have many acquaintances in your hometown. You have resigned from office. How will they treat you now? Gulin: hometown. Tao Yuanming's "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields": "The birds fall in love with the old forest."
Farewell to Wei Er 1
Wang Changling
Drunk farewell to the fragrance of oranges and pomelos in Jianglou, the river The wind brings the rain into the boat.
Recalling Jun Yao in Xiaoxiang month 2, I worry about listening to the ape dreaming about 3.
Notes
1. This poem was written when Wang Changling was demoted to the county captain of Longbiao (now Qianyang County, Hunan).
2. Xiaoxiang: the name of water, in today’s Hunan Province. The Xiangshui River originates from Xing'an County, Guangxi, and joins the Xiaoshui River in the west of Lingling County, Hunan, and is called Xiaoxiang.
3. Qing Yuan: The sad cry of apes.
Comments
1. Daoyi's journey is just melancholy and lonely, and the feeling of farewell is self-contained. ("Selected Quatrains of Tang Poems" by Ao Ying of the Qing Dynasty)
2. Thinking on behalf of others, their feelings are farther away. (Lu Shiyong's "Introduction to Poetry")
Sending firewood to serve the emperor 1
Wang Changling
The flowing water connects Wugang 2, sending you off without realizing that you are leaving hurt.
The green mountains and the clouds and rain are together, but the bright moon has never been the two towns.
Notes
1. This poem was written when Wang Changling was demoted to captain of Longbiao County.
2. Wugang: present-day Wugang County, Hunan.
Farewell to Xin Jian at Furong Tower 1
Part One
Wang Changling
Enter Wu in the cold rainy night 2, see off guests in Chushan in the bright morning Solitary 3.
Relatives and friends in Luoyang ask each other like a piece of ice in a jade pot 4.
Notes
1. The first two poems in this title were composed approximately after the 29th year of Kaiyuan, when Wang Changling was demoted to Lingnan and returned to serve as the prime minister of Jiangning (now Nanjing, Jiangsu Province). Furong Tower: formerly known as Northwest Tower, it is located in the northwest of Runzhou (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu). You can overlook the Yangtze River from the top.
2. Wu: Refers to the area around present-day Jiangsu.
3. Pingming: When it is dawn. Chushan: Mountains north of the Yangtze River. The area in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the north and south of the Yangtze River belonged to the Chu State in ancient times, so it was called.
4. "One Piece" sentence: It is a metaphor for one's heart being pure and pure. Bao Zhao's "Dai Baitou Yin": "Straight as a Zhusi rope, as clear as jade pot ice."
Sending Shen Zi back to Jiangdong 1
Wang Wei
Yangliu There were only a few passengers on the ferry, and Master Si was rowing towards Linqi.
Only lovesickness is like the beauty of spring, sending you home from the south to the north of the Yangtze River.
Notes
1. Shen Zi: One is Shen Zifu, a friend of the author. Jiangdong: The Yangtze River flows northeastward from below Jiujiang, so the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are called Jiangdong.
2. 罟 (gǔ) Master: Fisherman, here refers to the boatman. Yi: fishing net. Linqi: a place name in the present-day Jiangyin area of ??Jiangsu Province.
Send Yuan Er Envoy to Anxi 1
Wang Wei
Weicheng has a morning rain and light dust 2, and the guest house is green and the willows are new.
I urge you to have another glass of wine and leave Yangguan in the west without any old friends 3.
Notes
1. Yuan 2: Anxi: The abbreviation of Anxi Protectorate. It was an institution established in the Tang Dynasty to govern the Western Regions. Its administrative seat was Kucha City (today's Kuqa, Xinjiang). This refers to the area under its jurisdiction, which is within today's Xinjiang Autonomous Region.
2. Weicheng: Xianyang, the capital of the Qin Dynasty, was called Weicheng in the Han Dynasty and was located near Chang'an. Here it is used to refer to Chang'an. 浥(yì): wet, soak.
3. Yangguan: The name of the ancient pass, located southwest of Dunhuang in Gansu Province today, is the main road leading to the Western Regions. Because it is located south of Yumen Pass, it is named Yangguan. Old friend: old friend.
Comments
1. People in the Tang Dynasty still used short poems with meanings. The meanings and descriptions were not reduced to long at first, but were shortened to four sentences. Therefore, there must be something to write about, such as Wang Mojie said: "There are no old friends when leaving Yangguan in the west." Therefore, the traveler is pitiful, and he has to drink wine when he is urged, and he must write poems about Yangguan. (Song Dynasty Fan Wen's "Qianxi Poetry Eye" 25)
2. "Several bagpipes leave the pavilion at night, you are going to Xiaoxiang and I am going to Qin", "At dusk, the wine is sober and people are far away, the sky is full of wind and rain, and I am descending to the west building", don't they sigh three times in one song, but the charm is very weak and rustic. "Weicheng Morning Rain" is a colloquial saying, and it remains as new for thousands of years. This article discusses Samadhi in the prosperous and late Tang Dynasties. (Volume 6 of Hu Yinglin's "Shi Sou" in the Ming Dynasty)
3. In the early Tang Dynasty, "Putao Wine" was the crown; in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, "Weicheng Morning Rain" was the crown; in the middle Tang Dynasty, "Before Huiyan Peak" was the crown; in the late Tang Dynasty, "Qingjiang Yiqu" was the crown. (Same as above)
4. Kong Wengu said: "The quatrains are like Wang Mojie's "It is late spring near Guangwu City, and the guests returning from Wenyang are stained with tears. The fallen flowers are silent and the mountain birds are singing, and the willows are green and the people crossing the water" and "Weicheng" are both windy people. It has no sound." (Xie Zhen's "Siming Poems" of the Ming Dynasty)
5. When writing poems, you should not use words to express your ideas. If the words can convey the meaning, if they can be sung and chanted, then they can be conveyed. Wang Mojie's sentence "There are no old friends in Yangguan" was unprecedented in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. As soon as this word came out, it was not recited for a while, and it became a three-part song. The following chants of farewell, thousands of words, almost cannot be unexpected, and they must be like this before they can be said to be eloquent. (Ming Dynasty Li Dongyang's "Lutang Poetry")
6. In Qiyan, the style of the early Tang Dynasty was not harmonious, and famous artists such as Kaiyuan and Tianbao were all good at it. Li Bai and Wang Changling were especially good at it. In the past, Li Cangming recommended the song "Qin Shi Ming Yue Han Shi Guan" for scrolling, but I thought he would not approve it. If you want to press the volume, you can read Wang Weizhi's "Weicheng", Li Bai's "White Emperor", Wang Changling's "Following the Broom to Pingming", Wang Zhihuan's "Yellow River Away", they are almost common! By the end of the Tang Dynasty, there were no quatrains that were more than four chapters long. ("Examples of Selection of Ten Thousand Quatrains" by Wang Shizhen of the Qing Dynasty)
Qizhou Farewell to Ancestor Three 1
Wang Wei
Everyone smiles when they meet, and weeps when they see each other off 2.
The ancestral tent has been injured and separated3, and the deserted city has returned to sorrow4.
The weather is cold, the distant mountains are clear, and the sunset is long and the river is rushing 5.
You are already far away, but I hope you are still standing there.
Notes
1. Qizhou: present-day Jinan, Shandong. Zusan: Wang Wei’s good friend Zuyong, so named because he was the third among the brothers.
2. The sentence "meeting" means that we had to smile when we met, and then wept and said goodbye. Fang: Talent.
3. Ancestor tent: A tent set up for farewell. Ancestor: Before traveling, worship the road gods and call them ancestors, and later use your fingers to say goodbye.
4. Huangcheng: refers to Jinan City.
5． Two sentences about "Cold weather": The weather is cold, and the distant mountains appear brighter and clearer; at dusk, all kinds of sounds become silent, and the sound of the long river's water flow becomes more urgent.
6. Mooring: A rope for tying a ship.
7. Stand still: stand for a long time.
Farewell
Wang Wei
I send you off to Nanpu with tears like silk 1, and you to Dongzhou make me sad 2.
To repay my old friend, I am exhausted. Today is not like it was in Luoyang.
Notes
1. Nanpu: The waterside facing south, generally refers to the place where people say goodbye. Pu: Waterside.
2. Dongzhou: This refers to Yanzhou, the place where friends are going.
3. Repay: Bring me a message.
Farewell
Wang Wei
Dismounted and drank your wine1, and asked you where you were2.
You are dissatisfied with your words and return to the southern mountain frontier 3.
But don’t go and ask again 4, when the white clouds are endless.
Notes
1. Drink your wine: Pour wine for your friends to drink.
2. Where to go: Where to go. Which: go, go.
3. The sentence "Guiwo" refers to returning to Nanshan Mountain. Nanshan: refers to Zhongnan Mountain. Border: edge.
4. The two sentences of "But Go" are adapted from Tao Hongjing's poem "What is there in the mountains to answer the imperial edict": "What is there in the mountains? There are many white clouds on the mountains. I can only enjoy myself, but I can't bear to give it to you." But: Just care.
Comments
1. This poem was written by Wang Wei when he was in office to send friends back to the mountains, so the questions and answers are mostly inspired by the conditions in the mountains. The last two sentences are comparable to "Walking to a waterless place, sitting and watching the clouds rise". They are beautiful words and decisive words for a deep understanding of Nanshan. "Poetry of the Western Qing Dynasty": "Wang Mojie's poems are rich and elegant, but like a person who has been hiding in the mountains and forests for a long time, they have become broad and dull.
"(Wang Dajin's "Selected Works of Wang Wei and Meng Haoran")
I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and Long Biaoyuan sent this message 1
Li Bai
When the Yang flowers fell, Zi Gui cried 2, Hearing the dragon sign crosses the five streams 3.
I send my sorrowful heart to the bright moon, and follow the wind to the west of the night 4. Wang Changling: A poet in the Tang Dynasty, he was demoted to the rank of Longbiao County Lieutenant during the Tianbao period. Zuoqian: demoted and demoted. Longbiao: The name of the county in the Tang Dynasty. It was still a very remote place in Qianyang County, Hunan Province in the Tang Dynasty.
2. Yanghua: Catkins. Zigui: The cuckoo bird has a sad and mournful cry.
3. Wuxi: refers to the five streams of Xiongxi, Huixi, Youxi, and Chenxi. In today's western Hunan and eastern Guizhou.
4. Suifeng: "Suijun" refers to the area in western Hunan and Guizhou. Yelang: The ancient Yelang Kingdom was in today's Tongzi, Guizhou. County, here refers to Yelang County in the Tang Dynasty, in today's Yuanling County, Hunan Province.
Comments
1. Each of Taibai's quatrains is only related to others, such as "Send to". "Wang Changling", "Farewell to Meng Haoran" and other works are all similar in physique and style. The wind will pass away forever and enter your arms. "Also Qi Ming's "The Resentment of Nagato": "Send your heart to the bright moon, and the shadow will flow into your arms. "And Bai also tailored its meaning and composed it into a strange sentence. (Ao Ying's "Selected Quatrains of Tang Poetry")
3. Taibai's "poplar flowers have fallen" and Lotte (should be Yuan Zhen)'s "broken lamp" "No flame" has the same title, but it is funny and humble, and conscious of the world. (Volume 3 of Mao Xianshu's "Poetry Biandi")
4. If it just talks about sorrow, it will be frank and subtle, and it will blend into the scenery. There is no reason but there is interest in it ("Excerpts from Tang Poems" by Huang Sheng of the Qing Dynasty)
5. It means "Send your heart to the bright moon, and the shadow will flow into your arms", with a swaying pen and a new meaning. (Qing Dynasty Shen Deqian's "Tang Poems")
6. The two sentences "Sorrowful Heart" are so lingering and pathos, and "I send my sad heart" is even more meaningful than "Thousands of miles away, the bright moon". Deeper and more sincere. (Notes on Tang Poetry by Huang Shucan of the Qing Dynasty) 7. The connection between these three or four sentences is so fascinating that it is written by the bright moon. "Yi Jianlu")
Gift to Wang Lun 1
Li Bai
Li Bai was about to set off in a boat when he suddenly heard singing on the shore 2. >The water in Peach Blossom Pond is a thousand feet deep3, which is not as good as Wang Lun’s love for me.
1. Wang Lun: a villager in Jing County, Anhui Province. When Li Bai visited Jing County in the last years of Tianbao, Wang Lun often said: Li Bai was entertained with fine wine, and Li Bai wrote this poem as a farewell before leaving.
2. Taoge: a popular folk way of singing with hands on the ground.
3. Peach Blossom Pond: One hundred kilometers southeast of Jingxian County.
Comments
1. Lun, how can a village be close to Bai? Before leaving, the feelings of the ancestors are beyond the ordinary. "The words are not bad, but they are like a cup of Qiliu. (Tang Ruxun's "Interpretation of Tang Poetry")
2. If Wang Lun's feelings are compared to a thousand feet of pond water, it is an ordinary saying, and the wonderful scene is only In the transition period (Qing Dynasty Shen Deqian's "Tang Poems")
3. The feeling of separation is both profound and eloquent when read, and the words are made from heaven and are not fake. , the words "jiang" and "hu" are interesting and expressive ("Notes on Tang Poems" by Huang Shucan of the Qing Dynasty)
4. Wang Lun's affection for each other is profound, but it is tasteless to say it bluntly. When used as a foil, there are endless twists and turns (Li Ying's "Book of Poetry")
5. Some of the poems given to people are borrowed from ancient people because of their surnames, and they are often ingenious. , if you call him by his name, it seems to be straightforward and tasteless. I wonder if there are poems in the Tang Dynasty that are so wonderful, such as "The water in the Peach Blossom Pond is a thousand feet deep, not as deep as Wang Lun's love for me", "How can the old man still be able to sing Weicheng with enthusiasm?" ", "I have never understood the kindness of Tibetan people, and everyone talks about Xiang Si everywhere." They are all very popular. (Yu Yuan's "Light Language at the Suo Chuang")
Yellow Crane Tower Sends Meng Haoran to Guangling 1
An old friend bid farewell to the Yellow Crane Tower in the West 2, Fireworks under Yangzhou in March 3
The shadow of the solitary sail is gone in the blue sky, and only the Yangtze River is visible in the sky.
Notes
1. Yellow Crane Tower: The original site is on Huanghuji, Sheshan Mountain, Wuchang County, Hubei Province, next to the Yangtze River. In ancient times, it is said that the immortal Prince An once passed by on a yellow crane. It is also said that Fei Wenwei rode a crane to ascend the immortal. Therefore, it is named Huanghe Tower. Guangling: Today's Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province. 2. Old friend, here refers to Meng Haoran. .
3. Fireworks: describe the scene of bright flowers and dense clouds.
4. Going down the river from Yellow Crane Tower.
p>Comments
1. When the shadow of the sail is gone, the vision is exhausted, and when the river is long, the feeling of despair is beyond words. /p>
2. "Down to Yangzhou" is written with "Fireworks in March", which adds a touch of farewell, with the sentence "lonely sail and distant shadow", and the sentence "only see" is wonderful. One more favor.
(Huang Shucan's "Notes on Tang Poems")
3. The words are close and affectionate, and there is something wonderful about "waving the five strings in my hand and watching the return home". ("Poetry of the Tang and Song Dynasties")
4. There is no need to write bitter words, the lyrics and other poems are like the phoenix singing in the morning sun. (Song Gu Le's "Selected Commentary on Ten Thousand Quatrains of the Tang Dynasty")
5. On this trip to Xiangyang, the river is far away, and Taibai faces the river to say goodbye. I look forward to it with regret, and the shadow of the sail is gone, but my heart is never exhausted. Among the fourteen words, Zhengfu is infinitely affectionate. (Yu Biyun's "Continuation of a Brief Introduction to Poetry")
Send off a friend
Li Bai
Green mountains stretch across Beiguo1, and white water surrounds the east city.
This place is separate 2, and I have to conquer thousands of miles alone.
The wandering clouds convey the love of an old friend.
I waved my hand and went away, the sound of horses roaring.
Notes
1. Beiguo: outside Beicheng. Guo: Outer city.
2. To say goodbye: to say goodbye.
3. Gu Peng: a metaphor for a person wandering alone. Peng: Pengcao often blows in the wind, so it is used as a metaphor for a wandering person. Zheng: Journey far away.
4. Floating clouds: floating clouds, a metaphor for friends.
5． "Sunset" sentence: The setting sun sets slowly, seeming to be attached to someone, like the feeling of being attached to a friend. Old friend: refers to Li Bai himself.
6. Xiao Xiao: The sound of a horse neighing. Spot: respectively.
Comments
1. Three or four people are walking around, but there are also some wanderers, but the sentences must be neat. ...Su Li's words of gratitude were full of sighs but no frowns, and the meaning of knowing an old friend was endless. Taibai still does not lose this purpose. (Qing Dynasty Shen Deqian's "Tang Poems")
2. The first part explains the place of farewell, and the second part explains the feelings of farewell to friends. (Wang Yaoqu's "Comprehensive Interpretation of Ancient Tang Poems")
Send off Du Erfu at the east stone gate of Lu County 1
Li Bai
After a few days of drunk farewell2, he went to the pond tower.
When will the golden bottles open on Shimen Road?
Autumn waves fall on Si River 4, and the sea is bright and clear.
The flying ponchos are each 6 miles away, and the cup is in their hands.
Notes
1. Lujun: namely Yanzhou, it was changed to Lujun in the first year of Tianbao. Shimen: in the northeast of present-day Qufu County, Shandong Province. Du Erfu: Du Fu, ranked first, so it goes.
2. "Drunk Farewell" sentence: In the third year of Tianbao, Li Bai and Du Fu met and traveled together in Liang and Song Dynasties (today's Kaifeng and Shangqiu area in Henan Province), and then parted ways; in the spring of the following year, they met again in Lu County and traveled together to Qizhou (today's Jinan, Shandong Province) In the autumn of the same year, the two met again in Lu County. Then Du Fu said goodbye to Li Bai and went west to Chang'an.
3. Bottle: wine glass.
4. Surabaya: in present-day Shandong. Originating from the southern foot of Dongmeng Mountain in Sishui County, Shandong Province, it is named "Sishui" because four sources occur simultaneously.
5． 徂(cú)徕(lái): The name of the mountain, located in the southeast of today’s Tai’an County, Shandong Province.
7. Feipeng: Floating fluffy grass, a metaphor for a wandering person.
Farewell to Dongda
Part One 1
Gao Shi
Thousands of miles of yellow clouds in the daytime 2, the north wind blows the geese and snow.
Don’t worry, there will be no friends in the future. No one in the world will know you.
Notes
1. Dong Da: It may be Dong Tinglan, a famous musician at that time. He ranked first, so he was called Dong Da.
2. 曛 (xūn): The sun is dim and yellow.
Second
Liu Fei fluttered and felt sorry for himself1. He left Beijing and Luo for more than ten years2.
My husband is poor and lowly, so there is no money for drinks when we meet today.
Notes
1. Liuhe (hé): strong wings. Hei: wings, feathers.
2. Jingluo: That is Luoyang. Because the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Eastern Han Dynasty and other dynasties all had their capitals here, it was called Jingluo.
Bai Xuege sends Magistrate Wu back to the capital 1
Cen Shen
The north wind blows the white grass on the ground and breaks it 2, and Hu Tian blows snow in August 3.
Suddenly a spring breeze came overnight, and thousands of pear trees bloomed.
The pearl curtains are scattered and wet, and the fox fur is not warm and the brocade quilt is thin 4.
The general's horn and bow cannot be controlled 5, and the protective iron coat is too cold to hold 6.
The vast sea is covered with hundreds of feet of ice 7, and the gloomy clouds condense thousands of miles away 8.
The Chinese army provided wine and drinks for returning guests 9, and the harps, pipa and Qiang flutes 10.
Dusk snow falls one after another on the camp gate11, and the red flag flutters in the wind but remains frozen12.
Send you off at the east gate of Luntai 13. When you leave, the Tianshan Road is covered with snow.
You can't be seen on the mountain winding road, leaving a place for horses to walk in the sky above the snow.
Notes
1. This poem was written between the 13th year of Tianbao and the first year of Zhide, when Cen Shen was appointed as the judge of Jiedu in Beiting, Anxi. Judge: A staff member of Jiedushi in the Tang Dynasty who assisted in handling official affairs.
2. White grass: a kind of pasture produced in the northwest region of my country. Both cattle and horses like to eat it. When it dries up, it turns white, hence the name.
3. Hu Tian: Generally refers to the sky in the northwest region. Hu: The ancient Chinese name for the ethnic minorities in the north and northwest.
4. Brocade quilt: Brocade quilt.
5． Horn Bow: A hard bow decorated with animal horns. Control: lead, pull away.
6. Duhu: The chief who guards the frontier.
In the Tang Dynasty, there were six governor's offices, each with a chief protector. In the Tang Dynasty, Jiedushi was often honored as the Protector. Tie Yi: Armor. Wear: wear.
7. Hanhai: big desert. Linqian: vertical and horizontal. Baizhangbing: describes the thickness of the ice layer.
8． Dismal:
9. Chinese Army: The original meaning is the army led by the commander himself. Here it refers to the camp where the commander lives. Drinking with returning guests: Treat returning guests with a drink.
10． Huqin, pipa, and Qiang flute: they are all musical instruments from the Western Regions.
11. Yuanmen: the gate of the military camp. In ancient times, when garrisoning troops, the shafts of two vehicles crossed each other as the camp gate, which was called the shaft gate.
12. "Wind-switching" sentence: It means that the snow and ice on the military chess piece is so frozen that the wind cannot move it. Shua: pull, here refers to the wind blowing. Translation: fluttering.
13. Luntai: In the northwest of present-day Urumqi, Xinjiang, it belonged to Tingzhou in the Tang Dynasty, and was under the jurisdiction of the Beiting Protectorate, where the Jingsai Army was stationed.
14. Tianshan: The mountain range that runs from east to west in Xinjiang is more than 6,000 miles long.
Send Yan Shiyuan 1
Liu Changqing
The spring breeze leans on the wall of Helu City 2, and the water country is cold in spring and clear again.
The drizzle makes the clothes wet and invisible, and the flowers falling to the ground are silent.
The shadow of a solitary sail on the river as the sun sets, the grass is green and the love of Hunan thousands of miles away 3.
If you meet an acquaintance and ask about it when you go away, Qingpao has now mistaken Confucian students 4.
Notes
1. Yan Shiyuan: A native of Wu (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province), he was once an official and a foreign minister.
2. 棹: oar. He (hé) Lu (lǚ) City: refers to Suzhou. Helu was the king of the Wu Kingdom in the Spring and Autumn Period. Because Suzhou was the capital of the Wu Kingdom, it was called Helv City.
3． Shuiguo: that is, water town.
4. The sentence "The grass is green" means that the spring grass is affectionate and has been green all the way to Hunan, thousands of miles away. Hunan: Where Yan Shiyuan is going.
5. "Qingpao" sentence: It means that this small official position has delayed oneself. Green robe: Lower-level officials of the eighth or ninth rank in the Tang Dynasty wore blue official uniforms. Confucian scholar: refers to Liu Changqing himself.
Send Li Duan 1
Lu Lun
The old pass is full of grass and grass, and it is sad to say goodbye.
The road leads out of the cold clouds, and people return to the dusk snow.
It is early for a young man to be a guest2, but it is difficult to recognize you late3.
Hide your tears and face each other in the sky 4, where can the wind and dust come to you 5?
Notes
1. Li Duan: A poet of the Tang Dynasty, he was one of the "Ten Talents of the Dali" together with Lu Lun.
2. Two sentences of "Shaogu": It means that because the young man was lonely, he was called a wanderer in a foreign country at an early age.
3． To know you too late means to hate each other too late.
4. Cover tears: Wipe tears, wipe away tears. Opposite: relative.
5. "Fengchen" sentence: It means that the road ahead is difficult and dangerous. When can we meet again? Feng Chen: Traveling is difficult. Period: invitation, meeting.
Send to Dr. Yan of Guizhou 1
Han Yu
Cang Cangsen Bagui 2, this place is in southern Hunan 3.
The river is a green belt, and the mountains are like jade hairpins.
Every household loses Cuiyu 4, and the family grows Huanggan 5.
It is far better than ascending to immortality, Fei Luan is not false 6.
Notes
1. Guizhou: in present-day Guilin, Guangxi. Doctor Yan: That is Yan Mo.
2. Sen: lush with trees. Bagui: the eight large osmanthus trees in myths and legends. "The Classic of Mountains and Seas: Hai Nei Nan Jing" says: "The eight trees in Guilin are in the east of Fanyu." It is also the name of Guangxi. There is a pun here.
3． Hereby: This. Xiangnan: refers to southern Hunan.
4. Lose: pay, offer. Cuiyu: kingfisher. Feathers: Feathers, referring to birds.
5. Huanggan: fruits with yellow skins such as oranges, pomelos, and tangerines. Gan: sweet taste, referring to fruit.
6. Fei Luan does not pretend to fly: It means that he does not want to ride on the Luan and become an immortal. Feng Luan: A bird like the phoenix, often ridden by gods. False: With help. 骖(cān): a four-horse chariot, and the horses on both sides are called 骖. Here it means to control.
Comments
1. Dongpo said: "Rei's poem 'The river is a green luo belt', Zihou's poem 'The mountains on the sea are like swords', Zizhan responded and said: 'There is no Luo belt water in Xixi, and there are swords and mountains in Jiechou.' " ("The Complete Works of Han Changli")
Xie Ting Farewell 1
Xu Hun
A song of labor explains the boat trip 2, red leaves, green mountains and rapids.
At dusk, people are far away from the drunkenness. The sky is full of wind and rain, and I am going down to the west building.
Notes
1. Xie Pavilion: Also known as Xie Gong Pavilion, it was built in Xuancheng (now Xuancheng County, Anhui Province) by the Southern Qi poet Xie Zao when he was the prefect of Xuancheng. Because he once bid farewell to his friend Fan Yun here, it became a famous farewell place in Xuancheng.
2. Lao Ge: Farewell song.
3． West Tower: Refers to the farewell pavilion of Xie Gong.
Send someone back east
Wen Tingyun
The yellow leaves fall from the barren garrison1, Haoran leaves the old gate2.
Gaofeng Hanyang Ferry 3, Yingmen Mountain 4 on the first day.
There are a few people on the river, and there are still 5 lonely people at the end of the world.
Why should we meet again and drink wine to comfort our faces?6.
Notes
1. garrison: a fortress or castle in a border area.
2. Haoran: Upright and upright.
3. Hanyang Ferry: Yangtze River Ferry, in present-day Wuhan, Hubei Province.
4. Yingmen Mountain: on the south bank of the Yangtze River in the northwest of Yidu County, Hubei Province.
5． 棹: oar, refers to the boat.
6. Zun: wine vessel. Liyan: refers to separation from love.
Comments
1. Starting at the highest pitch. ("Tang Poems" by Shen Deqian of the Qing Dynasty)
Parting
Lu Guimeng
The husband is not without tears, and he does not shed them during parting.
The stick and the sword are equal to the respect for wine 1, and the shame is to be the face of a wanderer 2.
As soon as the viper stings the hand, the strong man's wrist will be freed3.
My ambition is fame 4, so there is no need to sigh in farewell.
Notes
1. Staff: Same as "zhijian", holding a sword. Zun: wine vessel.
2. "Shame for" sentence: It means that you are ashamed to make the reluctant attitude that wanderers are accustomed to.
3. Two sentences of "viper": It means decisive and fearless. "Historical Records·Tian Dan Biography": "If a viper stings the hand, it will cut off the hand, and if it stings the foot, it will cut off the foot." Viper: A kind of extremely poisonous snake. Sting (shì): Poisonous insect stings. Untie the wrist: cut off the wrist.
4. Ambition: Determination, ambition.
Comments
1. It is astonishing to think that a rock fell from a high mountain without knowing where it came from. (Qing Dynasty·Shen Deqian's "Shuo Shi Yu")
Send the Japanese monk Jinglong back
Weizhuang
Fusang is already in limbo, home is Fusang East farther east1.
Let’s go and tell the teacher who is here to get to 2, a boat with a bright moon and a sail with wind.
Notes
1. Two sentences of "Fuso": extremely far away from Japan. Fusang: an overseas name, "Liang Shu·Fusang Guojue": "Fusang is more than 20,000 miles east of the Han Dynasty." It later became the name of Japan.
2. "Who and the teacher": It is the reverse text of "Who and the teacher".
Friendly farewell words
Sauvignon Blanc
Lin Bu
Wu Shanqing, Yue Shanqing1. The green mountains on both sides of the Taiwan Strait see each other off and greet each other, but who knows the feelings of farewell. The king is full of tears, and the concubine is full of tears. Luo and Dai have not yet become two, and the tide at the head of the river has subsided.
Notes
1. Wu and Yue: ancient country names in the Spring and Autumn Period, in today's Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas, so they are used to refer to Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas.
2. Concentric knot: a diamond-shaped interlocking palindrome knot made of brocade ribbon, which expresses love.
Yulinling
Liu Yong
The chilling cicadas are mournful 1, it is late to the pavilion 2, and the showers have begun to stop 3. There is no mood for drinking in the capital tent 4, Fang is nostalgic at the place, and Lanzhou urges to send out 5. Holding hands and looking into tearful eyes, I was speechless and swallowed 6. Thoughts go thousands of miles away, and the sky is vast in the evening mist. Since ancient times, sentimentality has hurt parting, and it is even more embarrassing to be left out in the Qingqiu Festival. 9. Where to wake up tonight, the willow bank is full of dawn wind and moon. It has been 10 years since I passed away, which should be a good time and good scenery. Even if there are thousands of customs11, who can I tell them about them?
Notes
1. Chilling cicada: A type of cicada that sings in late summer and early autumn, and can sing until late autumn.
2. Long Pavilion: In ancient times, pavilions were set up on the roadside as a place for pedestrians to rest and see off. There was a long pavilion for ten miles and a short pavilion for five miles.
3. Shower: heavy rain, rapid rain. Stop: Stop.
4. Dumen: Capital City, here refers to Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan). Tent drinking: setting up a tent in the suburbs for a farewell banquet. Mood: mood, interest.
5． Lanzhou: The magnolia tree is strong and can be used as a boat raft, so it is called Lanzhou or Lanzhou. This describes the beauty of Zhouji.
6. Ningyan: choked with sobs.
7. Nian: think of. Go away: farther and farther away. Yanbo: water surface shrouded in smoke.
8. Dusk: clouds at dusk. Shen Shen: A heavy and deep look. Chutian: refers to the sky in the south of the Yangtze River. It was named because it belonged to the Chu State in ancient times. Kuo: vast.
9． Qingqiu Festival: refers to the Double Ninth Festival on September 9th.
10． Years: one or more years.
11． Vertical: even, even though. Style: the love between men and women.
Comments
1. "Thousands of miles of smoke", the feeling of farewell has been carried out; "thousands of customs", the hope of meeting each other has been restored. What is called a good preacher. (Ming Dynasty Li Panlong's "Yu Jun's Poems in the Thatched Cottage")
2. Liu Tuntian's "Wherever I wake up from my drunkenness tonight, the dawn wind will fade by the willow bank", which is a wise saying both ancient and modern. Or they may ridicule Shao Gong for Deng Ming's poems, which are frivolous and childlike and are not enough to be heard. (Qing Dynasty He Shang's "Wrinkle Water Xuan Ci Quan")
3. The farewell words are clear and clear, the words are not surprising, but the meaning is dense and comfortable. (Commentary on Polygonum Garden Ci by Huang Su of the Qing Dynasty)
4. Words are not about size or depth, they are more important than empathy. "The Dawn Wind Cripples the Moon" and "The River Gone Eastward", although the system is different, read them as if they were personally experiencing the situation, confused and unable to control themselves, which is the excellence of the writing. (Qing Dynasty Shen Qian's "Miscellaneous Comments on Ci Ci")
5. The words are a little bit tainted. Liu Qiqing's "Raindrops Bell" says: "Sentiment has hurt parting since ancient times, and it is even more worthy of neglecting the Qingqiu Festival! Where can I wake up tonight? Willow bank, dawn wind and waning moon."
"The last two sentences express farewell and desolation, and the two sentences "Tonight" are dyed with the meaning of the previous two sentences. There must be no other words between the two sentences, otherwise the aphorism will become dead. (Qing Dynasty Liu Xizai's "Yi Gai" Vol. 4)
6. These two sentences (referring to the two sentences "Tonight") are sentimental and are a more specific description of the "suffering parting" mentioned above. The seventy-eight-year-old girl came to sing with a red tooth plate. See Yu Wenbao's "Blowing the Sword" "Lu" "The waning moon is shining in the morning wind", and Wei Chengban's "Yu Gezi": "The orioles are waning outside the window", the words and sentences are similar. The poem came out later, and the words are really good. Although it seems too colorful, it is still close to the elegant tone among Liu's poems (Yu Pingbo's "Selected Interpretations of Tang and Song Ci")
7. It is fully developed, full of preparation, rich and dense, and has both. Yu Ting of the Song Dynasty said that Liu's poems are mostly "fine gold and broken jade", which is almost like this (Tang Guizhang's "A Brief Explanation of Tang and Song Ci")
Sha Xing
Yan Shu
The ancestral banquet left at the pavilion. The fragrance and dust have been separated and I still look back. . The soul of the painting pavilion disappears 5, the tall buildings are broken, and the setting sun only sends the waves away.
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