Boancing Guazhou
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"Boating Guazhou" "Boancing Guazhou" is a novel written by Wang Anshi, a famous poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. The first seven-character quatrain expresses the poet's longing for his homeland. One of the famous lines, "The spring breeze turns green to the south bank of the river, I will return when the bright moon shines" has been praised by people for thousands of years. The word "green" in the poem turns the invisible spring breeze into a vivid image, which is extremely expressive. This poem has been selected into the primary school Chinese textbook published by People's Education Press.
Title of work: "Mooring on Guazhou"
Era of Creation: Northern Song Dynasty
Literary Genre: Seven-Character Quatrains
Author: Wang Anshi
Table of Contents
Original text of the work
Interpretation of the work
Translation
Appreciation of the work 1
Appreciation 2
Appreciation 3
Appreciation 4
Poetry analysis
Introduction to the author
Related Expanding Jingkou
Guazhou
Zhongshan
Original text of the work
Interpretation of the work
Translation
p>Appreciation of works 1
Appreciation 2
Appreciation 3
Appreciation 4
Poetry analysis
< p>Introduction to the authorRelated expansion to Jingkou
Guazhou
Zhongshan
Expand and edit the original text of this work
< p>Mooring ship ① Guazhou Song Wang Anshi Jingkou ② Guazhou ③ water ④ between ⑤, Zhongshan ⑥ is only separated by ⑦ several layers of ⑧ mountains. The spring breeze is green again on the south bank of the river. When will the bright moon shine on me again? [1]Edit the interpretation of this paragraph
Notes
① Park the boat: stop the boat. Park, park. ②Jingkou: In present-day Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, on the south bank of the Yangtze River. ③Guazhou: On the north bank of the Yangtze River, in the southern suburbs of Yangzhou, on the Yangtze River in the south of Hanjiang District, Yangzhou City today. (Foothold) ④Yishui: The "Yishui" here refers to the Yangtze River. ⑤Jian: Pay attention to pronouncing it once, not "Jian" in the verb "interval". According to the plain rhythm of this poem, the inherent meaning of the word "Jian", and the language habits of ancient people, the word "Jian" must have a flat tone. "Yishuijian" is a phrase with a positive aspect. Its internal structure is the same as "Jiuchijian", "A few steps", "A moment", and "Yisuijian". The central word is "Jian" and the limiting component is "Yishuijian". ". The whole sentence means that Jingkou and Guazhou are within a (horizontal) river distance. According to the ancient Chinese saying, it is only "one water away". Wang Anshi wanted to say that the south of the Yangtze River and the north of the Yangtze River are close, not that they are isolated. ⑥Zhongshan: Purple Mountain in today’s Nanjing City. ⑦Separation: interval. ⑧Number of layers: several layers. Pronounced shù chóng ⑨Green: Blowing green. Also, Volume 29 of "Collected Works of Mr. Linchuan" is written as "自". This is based on the proofreading of Volume 43 of "Wang Jingwen Gong's Notes on Poems" of the Yuan Dynasty edition of Sheyuan Ying by Zhang Shi. ⑩huán: return. [1]
Translation
Jingkou and Guazhou are separated only by the Yangtze River, and there are only a few mountains between Jingkou and Zhongshan. The spring breeze is blowing green on both sides of the Yangtze River again. When will the bright moon shine on me back to my hometown?
Edit this paragraph to appreciate the work
Appreciation 1
The poem is titled "Boat Moored at Guazhou", which points out the poet's footing. The first sentence, "Between Jingkou, Guazhou and a river" describes the scene in sight. The poet stood at the Guazhou Ferry on the north bank of the Yangtze River and looked south. He saw that the "Jingkou" on the south bank was so close to the "Guazhou" here, just a river apart. He couldn't help but think that Zhongshan, where his home is located, was only a few blocks away. The mountain is not far away. The second sentence, "Zhongshan is only separated by several mountains," hints at the poet's feeling of returning home. The third sentence is a famous sentence through the ages. It once again describes the scenery, highlighting that it is spring, and depicts the scenery of the south bank of the Yangtze River. The word "green" means "blowing green", which is a verb used in a wonderful way. Legend has it that Wang Anshi changed the word more than ten times to make good use of it, and finally selected the word "green" from more than ten verbs such as "to", "pass", "enter" and "man". Because other words only express the arrival of the spring breeze, but do not express the change of the new green scenery on the Qianli River Bank after the arrival of spring. The poet concludes with the sentence "When will the bright moon shine on me again?" The poet has been looking at it for a long time. Unexpectedly, the bright moon is rising. The poet uses a question sentence to imagine a picture of "The bright moon will shine on me again", which further expresses the poet's mood of missing his homeland. It expresses the poet's homesickness!
Appreciation 2
This poem Qijue touches the scene and expresses the poet's helplessness and eagerness to return when he comes out to be an official through the description of the spring scenery. Jiang Ning’s wish. The first two sentences describe the journey north. The poet went to the capital, but turned back to Jiangning, expressing his complicated psychology of unwillingness to take up his post. The last two sentences use scenes to describe the heart, not only the relief that the reform brought to oneself, but also the idea of ????retiring as soon as possible. The poet looked back to the south of the Yangtze River, and the earth was green. Of course, it was the spring breeze blowing green, but weren't the green seedlings the actual results of reform measures such as the Green Seedling Method? But officialdom is full of dangers. The poet looked at the bright moon shining on Guazhou Ferry and Zhongshan Mountain, and sighed, "When will the bright moon shine on me again?" The poet wanted to leave the officialdom of right and wrong as soon as possible, and soon There is an aftertaste. This poem not only expresses emotions through the scenery, but also expresses emotions in the scenery. The narrative is also full of emotion, the realm is broad, and the style is fresh. The most talked about thing is the rhetorical tempering.
According to Hong Mai's "Rong Zhai Essays": "The spring breeze has turned green to the south bank of the Yangtze River again." In the original sentence, "The spring breeze has "arrived" to the south bank of the Yangtze River again." Circle the word "arrive" and note: "Not good". Change it to "pass". The circle is changed to 'enter', the circle is changed to 'man', and if there are ten characters like this, it will be determined as 'green'." It has really reached the point where "you won't stop until you say something shocking". In fact, the poet is not only refining the words, but also refining the meaning, which is consistent with the situation of the poem.
Appreciation Three
The "Tang Poetry Appreciation Dictionary" published by Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House commented on Wang Anshi's poem "Boarding at Guazhou": "The first line is 'Between Jingkou Guazhou and the water' , writing about him crossing the river from Jingkou and arriving at Guazhou in a happy tone. The three words "Yishui Jian" describe the boat's rapid speed, and the second sentence "Zhongshan is only separated by several mountains" describes his attachment to Zhongshan. In retrospect, the third sentence, "The spring breeze turns green to the south bank of the river," depicts a vibrant scene that is in harmony with the poet's mood when he was called back to Beijing. The word "spring breeze" is both realistic and has political implications. Wang Anshi's aspect shows that he is determined to implement the new law. He hopes that this warm spring breeze will dispel the political cold current and create a new situation for the reform. The contradiction expresses the author's wish to resign and return home as soon as possible. This wish is clearly revealed at the end of the sentence. "It is very representative to analyze the poetic meaning of the poem "Boancing Guazhou" by intensifying the political color. of. However, there are contradictions in this analysis that cannot be justified: if the poet wants to resign as soon as possible, he cannot be happy to be recalled to Beijing; if he wants to rush to Beijing to take up his post, it is impossible for him to want to resign as soon as possible. Thoughts, the two are like water and fire, incompatible. Some commentators assert that the poet's return to politics this time can be described as a triumph of spring breeze, and he is overjoyed. The so-called sentiment of "when will the bright moon shine on me come back?" is nothing more than a pretentious statement that cannot be taken seriously. . "The spring breeze turns green on the south bank of the river", in essence, it expresses gratitude to the emperor for his kindness, an optimistic description of the prospects for the implementation of the new law, and the poet's inner empathy for the joy of the administration of the DPRK. The emotional tone of the poem is cheerful and optimistic. of. The above two arguments are the most representative of the arguments that have been used to interpret the poem "Boancing Guazhou". However, interpreting the poem as a political lyric neither conforms to the poet's specific circumstances and mood when he wrote the poem, nor does it It is consistent with the connotation of the artistic image constructed by the poem itself. "Boarding at Guazhou" should be a pure nostalgia poem, and its emotional tone should be melancholy and sad, with no hint of relaxation, joy, or optimism at all. When the poet wrote this poem, he was already fifty-five years old. In the past few years, there have been endless debates and criticisms in the court surrounding the old and new laws, making the implementation of the new laws very difficult. Therefore, Wang Anshi, who originally had some negative thoughts, experienced two ups and downs in which he was dismissed as prime minister due to the implementation of new laws. He was mentally and physically exhausted and developed a strong sense of boredom with politics. During his dismissal from office, he wrote many poems describing natural scenery and expressing leisure and interest. Regarding the re-appointment of the imperial court with the important task of "Tongping Zhangshi" this time, Wang Anshi resigned twice but was not allowed. Therefore, his taking office this time was very reluctant emotionally. After he took office, he repeatedly requested to be dismissed from the post of prime minister, and finally got his wish in the second year after his comeback. He returned to his hometown of Jiangning and lived a comfortable life in seclusion. It can be seen from this short comeback that returning to the government was not what Wang Anshi expected or was passionate about. On the contrary, he regarded comeback as a road that he was afraid of and refused repeatedly. Obviously, when writing "Boancing at Guazhou" under such circumstances, it was inevitable that the lines would not be filled with melancholy, sadness, and dejected feelings, and it would be inevitable that there would not be a deep attachment to the hometown that I was about to leave. How could he use "the spring breeze turns green on the south bank of the river" to describe the emperor's grace and express his joy at his comeback? Let’s look at the poem itself. The conclusion of the poem, "When will the bright moon shine on me again?" is the main theme of the whole poem. It sets a melancholy and sad emotional tone for the whole poem in the form of direct expression of the heart. It clearly tells people that the poet has no intention of returning to power. There is no joy of getting what one wishes, and no eagerness to wait. On the contrary, the poet has not yet arrived in the capital, and his hometown has not disappeared from sight, and he has sincerely expressed the idea of ??returning to his hometown. Isn't this homesickness deep and sincere? Today the bright moon sees me off and leaves, but "when" will the bright moon see me off and return tomorrow? The official career is dangerous and unpredictable, and the word "when" is a heavy sigh from the poet's heart, which contains the poet's worries about the dangerous official career and the future of implementing the new law. The poem is deeply melancholy and the style is also very desolate. It is like a long sigh after hearing its voice, and it is a true and natural expression of the poet's depression and depression. Looking back at the heavy and sad emotional tone of nostalgia set by the conclusion, "Between Jingkou and Guazhou" cannot emphasize the speed of the boat in time to describe the poet's relaxed and happy mood. It is similar to "Zhongshan only" "Several Mountains Away" is the same as spatially emphasizing the closeness of the mountains and rivers of his hometown to the poet who traveled to Guazhou in the north of the Yangtze River at this time. At this time, the poet "moored his boat to Guazhou" and looked back to the south. The familiar and friendly "Jingkou" was only separated by water, and "Zhongshan" was only separated by several mountains. It was really close at hand. But the close spatial distance reflects the poet's long psychological distance. Because although my hometown is so close, it is out of reach. What seems close is actually far.
And as time goes by, the distance will get bigger and bigger, not to mention that he doesn’t know when he will be able to come back, and he doesn’t know when he will be able to see the mountains and rivers of his hometown again. He may even think more pessimistically. , will I be able to return to my hometown again in the future? The poet here uses the artistic technique of writing near and far, opposite and complementary, to express the poet's deep sorrow and helpless sadness euphemistically and implicitly, and to show the huge sense of loss and loneliness deep in the poet's soul. In fact, the Yangtze River is one water, and there are several major mountains. The distance between them is also very large. The poet writes it in close range to emphasize the poet's strong attachment to his hometown. It is the natural feeling of homesickness, love and attachment for his hometown. How come the relaxed and joyful mood comes from revealing? Precisely because the main theme of this poem is the expression of deep nostalgia, the focus of the third line of the poem "The spring breeze is green again on the south bank of the Yangtze River" does not fall on the description of the spring beauty of the south of the Yangtze River as most commentators say. , the focus of its language is not the word "green" but the word "you". The reason why people particularly appreciate the vivid, colorful and infectious description of spring beauty when the adjective "green" is used as a verb is because of the popular "Lian Zhai" passage recorded in Hong Mai's "Rong Zhai Xu Bi". word story. In fact, Wang Anshi did not deliberately describe the beauty of the spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River here. He focused the poem on the word "you" rather than the word "green". What he wanted to express was that the "spring breeze" is still sentimental, and he also knows that the "spring breeze" is once a year. "The south bank of the river is green again", but the poet himself had to leave his hometown in the south of the Yangtze River and resume his official career against his will when "the spring breeze is green again on the south bank of the river". After leaving, the future is unpredictable. I wonder when will I be able to return to my home in Jiangnan again? The word "you" blends emotions into the scenery, which is a true portrayal of the infinite nostalgia that the poet can't get rid of. It is precisely because of the layers of preparation and preparation in the first three sentences that embody emotion in the scenery, and the pen of expressing nostalgia in the concluding sentence "When will the bright moon shine on me again?" can it flow out naturally, and the expression of nostalgia is brought to the extreme. . From this point of view, Wang Anshi's "Mooring at Guazhou" is not a political lyric poem, but a pure nostalgia poem.
Appreciation Four
The "Song Poetry Appreciation Dictionary" published by Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House comments on Wang Anshi's "Boat Guazhou": This poem was written in 1075 (the eighth year of Xining) February. At that time, Wang Anshi paid homage to the prime minister for the second time, and went to Beijing according to the imperial edict, sailing to Guazhou. The first sentence, "Between Jingkou and Guazhou, is just a stretch of water", which describes him crossing the river from Jingkou to Guazhou in a pleasant tone. The three words "Yishuijian" describe the boat's speed and arrival in an instant. The second sentence "Zhongshan is only separated by several layers of mountain sand. He writes his review of Zhongshan with attachment. Wang Anshi settled in Jiangning (today's Nanjing, Jiangsu) with his father Wang Yi in 1037 (the fourth year of Jingyou). From then on, Jiangning became After leaving the prime minister's office for the first time, he lived in Zhongshan, Jiangning (now Zijinshan, Nanjing). Ordinary, reflects the poet's deep attachment to Zhongshan; but in fact, Zhongshan is blocked by "several mountains" after all, so the poet's sight turns to the river bank. The ancients said: "Look at the flying clouds in autumn, and think about the mighty spring breeze." The third sentence, "The spring breeze turns green on the south bank of the river," depicts the beautiful spring scenery on the river bank and expresses the poet's vast emotions. Among them, the word "green" has been carefully selected and is extremely expressive. Volume 8 of Hong Mai's "Duozhai Xubi" says: "Zhongshi Wu's family hid his grass. At first it was said 'to the south bank of the Yangtze River again', circle the word 'to', and note 'not good'. Change it to 'pass' and circle again Go and change it to 'ru'. Change the word 'man' to 'green'. The author thinks that the words "to", "guo", "ru" and "man" are not ideal. Only the word "green" is the most alert. This is because: 1. The first four characters only think about the flow of the wind itself, sticking to the skin and bones to describe the invisible spring breeze, which still seems abstract and lacks personality; the character "green" opens up a layer, starting from the spring breeze. Taking into account the wonderful effects that will be produced later, the invisible spring breeze is transformed into a vivid visual image - the spring breeze blows, grass begins to grow, and the thousands of miles of river bank is covered with fresh green. This writes the spirit of the spring breeze, and the poetic thoughts are much deeper. 2. The vibrant scenery described in this sentence is in harmony with the poet's joyful mood when he was called back to Beijing. The word "spring breeze" is both realistic and political. "Spring Breeze" actually refers to the emperor's grace. Song Shenzong issued an edict to restore Wang Anshi's position, indicating that he was determined to implement the new law. The poet was delighted with this. He hoped to use this warm spring breeze to dispel the political cold current and create a new situation for reform. This kind of mood is expressed in the most subtle and implicit way using the word "green". 3. The word "green" also reveals the inner conflict of the poet, which is the main purpose of this poem. In view of the sharp and complicated political struggle in the court on the eve of the first dismissal of the prime minister, he had to have serious feelings about his return to the prime minister. His political ideal was to reform to become stronger, and to retreat to the woods and sing about his emotions was his ideal of life. As the reform encountered strong resistance, he himself was fiercely attacked by the opposition. The Zhongshan Mountain and the tranquil mountains and forests had a great attraction for him. "Chu Ci: Recruiting Hermits": "The kings and grandsons have not returned from their travels, and the spring grass grows in a miserable state." Wang Wei's "Farewell": "The spring grass is green every year." "Will the king and grandson return home?", all of which connect the green grass with the longing for return. This sentence secretly blends into the poetry of the predecessors, expressing the author's wish to resign and return home as soon as possible. This wish, until the end of the sentence Clearly revealed. Needless to say, there are many examples in the Tang Dynasty of using the six green sword characters to describe the spring breeze.
Li Bai's "Attendance to Yichun Garden and the Imperial Order to Fu Longchi: The Willow Colors in the Dragon Pond, Listening to the New Orioles' Songs of Hundreds of Songs": "The spring breeze has turned green, and the grass on the island is green, and the purple section of the red building feels like spring is good." Qiu Wei's "Inscription on the Farmer's Cottage": "When will the spring breeze Wen Tingyun's "Reply to Mr. Li": "Green dusk, clear air, spring breeze, red waves, wild water and sky", etc., all provided Wang Anshi with reference, but in terms of the depth of expressing thoughts and feelings, The above examples are all inferior. Therefore, this sentence can be said to be better than the previous one. The conclusion is "When will the bright moon shine on me again?" In terms of time, it is already night. The poet looked back for a long time, unaware that the red sun was setting in the west and the bright moon was rising. Although the scenery on the other side disappeared in the hazy moonlight, my attachment to Zhongshan became deeper and deeper. He believed that he would be able to survive in the mountains and forests one day, so he expressed this idea in the form of a question at the end. "The words are changed frequently, and the work comes out of itself." ("Children's Poetry Instructions") This poem has been praised as "transcendent Myron, able to chase Li Du Tao Xie" ("Yanzhou Poetry Talk"). This is caused by "frequent changes". But the beauty of this poem is not limited to just one word. Only by appreciating the spirit of the entire poem can we understand its essence. (Author: Wu Ruyu, with changes) [1]
Edit this poem analysis
This is a famous lyrical poem, which expresses the poet's deep feeling of looking towards the south of the Yangtze River and missing his hometown. emotion. Literally speaking, this poem expresses the nostalgia for one's hometown and the eagerness to cross the river to go home and reunite with relatives. In fact, between the lines there is also his strong desire to return to the political stage and implement the New Deal. The poet looks back to the south of the Yangtze River, and the earth is green. Of course, it is the spring breeze blowing green, but aren't the green seedlings the actual effect of reform measures such as the Green Seedling Method? But officialdom is full of dangers. The poet looked at the Guazhou Ferry and the bright moon on Zhongshan Mountain, and sighed, "When will the bright moon shine on me again?" The poet wanted to leave the right-and-wrong officialdom as soon as possible, which reflected the author's hope. It's very satisfying to return to my hometown where there are no conflicts of interests. This poem not only expresses emotions through scenery, but also expresses emotions in the scenery and blends the scenes. The narrative is also full of emotion, the realm is broad, and the style is fresh. The most talked about thing is the rhetorical tempering. Among them, the word "green" can be appreciated by the poet's word modification. He changed the word "blowing" to "green" for the sake of vividness. Wang Anshi also changed the word many times before this, but in the end he changed the word "green".
Edit this paragraph to introduce the author
Wang Anshi (1021---1086) was a famous writer and politician in the Song Dynasty. He was a native of Linchuan, Fuchuan (now Fuzhou, Jiangxi). When he was young Wang Anshi
[2], he wrote very well and was praised by Ouyang Xiu. Wang Anshi became a Jinshi at the age of twenty and served as a local official for several terms. When he was a county magistrate in Yin County (today's Yin County, Zhejiang Province, Yin pronunciation: yìn), the disaster there was severe and the people's lives were very difficult. Wang Anshi built water conservancy, improved transportation, and managed things in an orderly manner. In 1069 (the second year of Xining, Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty), he actively implemented reforms to alleviate the poverty of the people. In 1085 (the eighth year of Yuanfeng), the new law was abolished. Wang Anshi fell ill from worry and anger, and died of illness the following year. Wang Anshi struggled to realize his political ideals throughout his life, closely linking literary creation and political activities. Because he held the concept of "applicable" literary creation, his poems and essays had a strong political color, which directly served him serve the political struggle. Wang Anshi's prose is mostly political commentary. These works address current ills, put forward clear propositions based on in-depth analysis, and have strong persuasive power. For example, "Reply to Sima's Remonstrance" analyzes Sima Guang's criticism of the new law. The words are concise and concise, and the wording is euphemistic and firm, showing his political attitude of adhering to principles. Wang Anshi's prose pays more attention to the persuasiveness of theory, and pays less attention to brewing atmosphere, describing objects, and moving readers emotionally. Therefore, his prose generally has excellent intentions, strong logic and generalization, and concise and simple language. This is also the result of his literary proposition. Wang Anshi's poems, like his prose, have substantial political content and obvious tendencies, showing sympathy for the people and melancholy about the future of society. As well as his resistance to traditional ideas, he fully expressed his lofty political ambitions and positive attitude towards life. Many of his poems in praise of objects and nostalgia for the past also pinned his lofty political ambitions and critical spirit. After retiring to live in seclusion in his later years, the changes in life and mood caused changes in the style of poetry. He created many short poems describing the scenery of lakes and mountains, and also paid more attention to the refinement of the art of poetry. There are many famous works, such as "Ship at Guazhou" "Between Jingkou and Guazhou, there is only a few mountains between Zhongshan and the river. The spring breeze is green again on the south bank of the river. When will the bright moon shine on me again?" These small poems are novel and unique, and the words and sentences are well composed. Sticking to nature, his art is indeed more mature than in his early years, but the political enthusiasm that filled his poems in previous years has greatly diminished at this time. [3]
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Jingkou
Jingkou is today’s Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, close to the Yangtze River, and Guazhou is a small island on the opposite bank. (It no longer exists), because this is also the Yangtze River outlet of the Grand Canal, so water traffic is very busy. The name Zhenjiang has been used for more than 800 years. The evolution of Zhenjiang's name reflects that Zhenjiang has always been an important political center and a battleground for military strategists. Since 1985, Zhenjiang has been listed as an open coastal city, a key tourist city and a famous historical and cultural city in my country. In 1987, Zhenjiang Port was officially opened to foreign ships and has relatively complete customs, commodity inspection and other port management service facilities. Since then, the name of "Zhenjiang" has become more famous and famous all over the world.
Guazhou
Guazhou is located in Hanjiang District, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province today. Guazhou Ancient Ferry Scenic Area is a national water conservancy scenic spot. It is located at the intersection of the Yangtze River and the lower reaches of the ancient canal in Yangzhou City. It is located 15km away from the center of Yangzhou, a famous historical and cultural city. It is adjacent to Runyang Highway Bridge, Zhenyang Ferry and Yangzhou Port. Zhenjiang Jinshan Temple is opposite the park across the river. It is the chokepoint connecting the north and south of the Yangtze River in the past and is a famous thousand-year-old ancient ferry. "Si water flow, Bian water flow, flow to the ancient ferry of Guazhou". After thousands of years of ancient ferrying, the scenic spot still exists. The eminent monk Jianzhen of the Tang Dynasty set sail from here to sail eastward to Japan. Emperors Kangxi and Qianlong and poets and poets of all dynasties passed by Guazhou, leaving behind many popular poems. The folk legend that Du Shiniang sank the treasure chest in anger happened here. The ancient ferry ruins, imperial stele pavilion and caisson pavilion have become good places for Chinese and foreign guests to explore the ancient times.
Zhongshan
There is Zhongshan in Nanjing. Nanjing Zhongshan Scenic Area is located in the northeastern suburbs of Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province. It is one of the first national-level scenic spots in my country. It is centered on Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum and includes two major areas: Purple Mountain and Xuanwu Lake, with a total area of ??about 45 square kilometers. The beautiful natural scenery and rich historical and cultural relics here have the reputation of "Jinling Yuxiu". Zhongshan is the remnant of Maoshan Mountain in the south of the Yangtze River, lying outside the Zhonghua Gate of Nanjing. It was known as Jinling Mountain and Shengyou Mountain in ancient times. During the Three Kingdoms period, Soochow Wu once called it Jiangshan Mountain. It is 7.4 kilometers long from east to west, 3 kilometers wide from north to south, and has a circumference of about 20 kilometers. It is winding and undulating, like a swimming dragon, so the ancients called it "Zhongfu Dragon Pan". There are purple shale layers on the mountain. Under the sunlight, the purple gold shines brightly from a distance, so people also call it Purple Mountain. The mountain has three peaks: the main peak in the north, with an altitude of 468 meters, is the highest peak in Jinling; the second peak is located in the southeast, named Xiaomaoshan, with an altitude of 360 meters, and the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum is at its southern foot; the third peak is located in the southwest, because the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom once Tianbao City was built on the mountain, so it is called Tianbao Mountain. It is 250 meters above sea level. The famous Purple Mountain Observatory is built on the top of this mountain. Xuanwu Lake is located to the west of Zhongshan and north of Nanjing. It was named Sangbo in ancient times and also called Hou Lake. Lakes and mountains, beautiful scenery. Xuanwu Lake Park is now built, covering an area of ??4.7 square kilometers, of which the water surface occupies about 3.7 square kilometers, and the circumference of the lake is about 10 kilometers. There are islands in the lake, called islands, connected by bridges. The lake is rippling with blue waves, the island is verdant with green trees, and the surrounding green mountains are like black and white. The scenery is picturesque. It is also a "treasure place" for Jinling scenery tourism. There are also ancient Taicheng ruins, Jiming Temple, Arctic Pavilion and other historical sites nearby. Detailed address: Nanjing Zhongshan Scenic Area is located in the northeastern suburbs of Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province.