Celebrating the New Year is a common custom in various countries and regions around the world. Due to differences in history and culture, the time, celebration and meaning given to the New Year are different in various countries and regions. In India, the New Year is different in many states due to the complexity of the traditional calendar. ? The late former Prime Minister of India Nehru once said that India’s calendar is the inevitable result of its past political, cultural and historical development. In 1952, the fifth year after India's independence, the Indian government set up an expert committee to review all current calendars and designated this committee to propose an accurate and nationally unified draft calendar. After research, the calendar revision committee led by the famous natural scientist Dr. M.N. Saha finally decided to use the Saka Era calendar as the national calendar, which is actually the Indian lunar calendar. This calendar began in AD 78. According to this calendar, the first day of the New Year is March 22 of the Gregorian calendar (the current Gregorian calendar). ? Uttar Pradesh, Kashmir, Tamil Nadu, and Maharashtra in India have used the Saka Era calendar since ancient times, so the New Year falls on March 22 of each year in the Gregorian calendar. At this time in Uttar Pradesh, spring flowers are blooming, and the earth is full of vitality. People regard this as a symbol of Kama, the Hindu god of love, and most of the celebrations held are related to praising Kama, the god of love. In Kashmir, on New Year's Day, urban residents decorated the city with flowers, took to the streets in festive costumes, and held a massive celebratory parade. In the evening, people gather by the lake or on the grass to dance a folk dance called Lufu, regardless of age or sex. In Tamil Nadu, on New Year's Day, every household makes a sweet called "Kakarai Panjal", which means that the coming year will be as pleasant as this sweet. ? The New Year in the Indian state of Punjab begins around mid-April in the Gregorian calendar. Punjab is home to the Sikh people. The Sikhs are known for their prowess in war and bravery. They believe that Khalsa (a militant theocracy that arose at the end of the 17th century) was founded by the Sikh guru on a day in mid-April of the Gregorian calendar, so they regard this day as the beginning of the new year. start. On New Year's Day, the festive atmosphere in Punjab is very strong. People dress up, sing to their heart's content, and dance the famous "Pangala" folk dance to the beat of drums, praying for good weather in the coming year. ? The Indian states of Kerala and Andhra Pradesh celebrate the New Year on Wangri in April of the Gregorian calendar. In Kerala, on New Year's Eve, every owner places items symbolizing auspiciousness in a room of their house. The next morning, the first thing the family does is go into the house and look at these things. The first thing they see is considered to be a mascot that will bring good luck in the new year. People believe that all happiness in the coming year depends on these mascots. In Andhra Pradesh, people take an "oil bath" on New Year's morning, that is, smearing the whole body with vegetable oil and then rinsing with clean water. ? The New Year in the Indian state of Gujarat happens to begin on the second day of the national religious festival - the Festival of Lights (from the end of October to the beginning of November in the Gregorian calendar). From this day on, the locals will hold a week of celebrations. The festive atmosphere is most intense in the financial and business circles, who are organizing a series of events to celebrate Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth, and Sarswati, the goddess of wisdom. Interestingly, businessmen across India basically consider this day to be the beginning of the New Year. ? In the Indian states of West Bengal and Assam, the New Year begins in early May on the Gregorian calendar. In West Bengal, people mainly hold worship activities and poetry recitals, and the poems recited are all selected from the collection of poems by Rabindranath Tagore, a famous Indian poet who was born in the state; in Assam, people welcome the New Year by worshiping cows. They dress the cattle in red and green, "smear them with grease and powder" and feed them fried food, hoping that this living "god" will bring them good luck in the coming year.