1. Can you explain the meaning of "Yu hates wine, but worships good words"?
The general idea is that Yu hates wine, but likes the right words.
1. Yu hates drinking but loves good words yǔ è zhǐ jiǔ ér hǎo shàn yán: This sentence is that Yu’s hobby was taken out by Mencius to make sense. It means that even if Dayu is like this, we should reflect on ourselves every day and learn from others with lofty ideals.
2. From:
Mencius said: "Yu hates wine and likes good words. The soup is in control, and there is no way to establish virtuous people. King Wen regards the people as if they are injured, and he does not look forward to the road. King Wu does not let go of the distance, and does not forget the distance. Zhou Gong thinks about the three kings and does four things. If there is any disagreement, he will think about it day and night. If he finds it, he will sit down and wait for the day. "
3. The general idea is:
Mencius said: "Yu hated fine wine but loved reasonable words. Tang adhered to the golden mean and did not follow the rules when selecting wise men. King Wen treated the people Just like treating a wounded person, King Wu did not despise his ministers, nor did he forget the wise men from far away. The Duke of Zhou wanted to learn from the kings of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, and to practice the kings of Yu, Tang and Wen. If the deeds performed by King Wu were not in line with them, he would raise his head and think about it. If he didn't think well during the day, he would continue to think about it at night. If he luckily came up with the result, he would just sit and wait for dawn to put it into practice. " 2. China. Winemaking has a long history. Counting from the time of Yu, wine has a history of more than five to six thousand years in China. (1) The amount of yeast added first is too small, so a large amount of yeast is needed first. For the growth and reproduction of yeast, air is introduced for a period of time first, in order to allow the yeast to carry out aerobic respiration and quickly increase the number of yeast. (2) Since part of the energy generated by microbial respiration is released in the form of heat energy, so During this process, the temperature inside the device rises. (3) As fermentation proceeds, glucose gradually decomposes into alcohol and carbon dioxide. The fermentation product alcohol has a smaller molecular weight than glucose, so as the degree of fermentation deepens, the liquid density will gradually change. Low. (4) The higher the concentration, the less light transmission, so it is inversely proportional. (5) For these four test tubes, assume that the concentration of the previous test tube is 10 times the concentration of the latter test tube. For example, No. 2 is 10 times that of No. 3. Times, according to the meaning of the question, there are 18 in 1 ml of No. 4, then there should be 1800 in No. 4, 18000 in No. 3, 180000 in No. 2, and 1800000 in No. 1, so 1/10 to the nth power Multiplying Release; (3) Sugar is consumed during fermentation, producing alcohol and CO2. The density of alcohol solution is lower than that of sugar water; (4) Inversely proportional; (5) 180000. 3. The emotion symbolized by wine in ancient texts
1. Du Kang is the legendary first person to make wine, and later named wine after him.
Cao Cao's "Dan Ge Xing": "How to relieve worries? Only Du Kang." Yuan Hao asked in "Partridge Sky": "There is Du Kang in the general road to forget worries, and the joyful moments with wine are even more unforgettable."
2. Wine cups were originally two types of drinking utensils, and were later used as a synonym for wine. Cao Zhi's "Wine Ode": "If you indulge in drinking wine and indulge in lust, you will be forbidden by the ancestors and condemned by the gentleman."
Wei Yingwu's "Jian Ji Guan Xijian Waterfall": "Tea and Fruit Invitation "True lovers, we drink wine with the same heart." 3 The green foam floating on the surface of the green ant wine looks like an ant, hence the name.
Also used as a proxy for wine. Xie Tiao's "I was sick in the county and reported to Shen Shangshu": "Jia Lio can be recommended, and Green Ant Fang can only hold it."
Bai Juyi's "Ask Liu Shijiu": "Green Ant's new fermented wine, red mud wine "Stove." 4 Huan Bo was named "Huan Bo" because wine can relieve worries and bring joy to people.
Jiao Gan's "Yi Lin Kan Zhidui": "Wine is Huan Bo, which relieves worries and brings happiness." Yuan Haowen's "Liu Yuexuan": "The three of them met by chance, and they reunited with Huan Bo. .
Huan Bo belongs to my song, and the toad and rabbit are moving colors." 5 Liuxia's metaphor for fine wine.
"Baopuzi? Dispelling Confusion" contains: "Xiang Mandu went to the mountains to study immortals, and returned home after ten years. His family asked him why, and said: 'There was an immortal who gave me a cup of Liuxia, and I drank it easily. Not hungry or thirsty. '" Yu Xin's "The King of Wei Presents Sangluo Wine as a Reply": "When someone is worried about sitting in a narrow place, he is happy to receive flowing clouds."
Li Shangyin's "Drunken Under the Flowers": "You can't find fragrance." I am drunk by the flowing clouds, leaning against a tree and sleeping as the sun has set." 6 In the Old Spring and Tang Dynasties, wine was often called spring, so the fine wine was called Old Spring.
Li Bai's "Weeping at Xuancheng, Ji Sou is good at brewing wine": "Ji Sou's yellow spring should still be brewing old spring." Han Hong's "Tiancang Cao Dongting's Summer Night Drinking to Get the Word of Spring": "The jade pendant welcomes the first night, "The golden pot makes the old spring drunk."
7. An anthropomorphic name for Qu Sheng Liquor. Zheng Qi's "Kai Tian Chuan Ji" records: "Ye Fashan met dozens of court guests at Xuanzhen Temple and wanted to drink.
Suddenly a man came in with an arrogant look and asked the scholar from the cloud to discuss difficulties with everyone. , the words are sharp. Fa Shan suspected that he was a ghost, so he struck him secretly with a small sword. He fell down the steps and turned into a bottle of good wine. Everyone bowed to it and said: "The flavor of the song is not to be forgotten."
'" Lu You's "Early Spring in Chengdu": "Illness often comes and goes, and I smoke and tea on the Zen couch with my hair on my temples.
" 8 Frozen mash is spring wine.
It is a wine brewed in cold winter and matured in spring. "The Book of Songs? Binfeng? July": "The rice is harvested in October, so this spring wine is used to promote longevity. "
Biography: "Spring wine is also frozen mash. "Shu:" mash is another name for wine. This wine is brewed when it is frozen, so it is called frozen mash. "
Du Mu's "Twelve Rhymes to Send to Brother Nei and Cui Yuanwai of Zhou": "The rain invades the cold dream, and the plum blossoms cause the frozen mash to pour." Lu Guimeng's "Wine Wine Towel": "The wind is high and unreachable during the Jingjie Festival, and this towel is still falling into the frozen wine." "
9. Pepper pulp is a wine made by soaking pepper. In ancient times, it was often used to worship gods.
Qu Yuan's "Songs of Chu? Nine Songs? Donghuang Taiyi": "Laying osmanthus wine Pepper pulp. "Wang Wei's "Jiaoyuan": "I lay down the Yao banquet with pepper paste, and I want to go to Yunzhongjun. "
Li Jiayou's "I heard people in the south of the Yangtze River compete with gods at night": "After the rain, the wind clears the island, and Zhugisa is idle, and the pepper pulp is drunk to welcome the gods back." " 10 things in the cup. It is called because cups are often used when drinking.
Tao Qian's "Gui Zi": "If the fate is like this, then the things in the cup will be included. "Huang Tingjian's "Ciyun Liu Tongsou sent to Wang Wentong": "The heart is still not dead, and the things in the cup cannot be the beauty in the mirror in spring. ”
11. Prajna Soup The monks used hidden words to call wine to avoid legal prohibitions. There is a record in Su Shi’s "Dongpo Zhilin" that "the monk called wine Prajna Soup".
He Bang'e's "Night Tales Suilu": "The third brother still recalled that in the middle of last year, he and Wu Yishi drank Prajna soup and ate through fence vegetables in the stone room of Gushe Mountain. " 12 Broomstick for sorrow and fishing hook for poetry. It is called because wine can sweep away sorrow and stir up poetry.
Su Shi's "Spring in Dongting": "It is necessary to establish a name, and there is no need to ask for a promotion. It should be called fishing hook, also known as broom. ”
13 Qingzhou Engagement, Pingyuan Governor Mail “Qingzhou Engagement” is a lingo for fine wine. “Pingyuan Governor Mail” is a lingo for bad wine.
Liu Yiqing’s "Shishuo Xinyu? Techniques" "Explanation" records: "Huan Gong has a master book, he is good at distinguishing wine, and he always tastes the wine first. Those who are good are called "Qingzhou Engaged", while those who are bad are called "Pingyuan Supervisor". "
To be engaged is a beautiful official; to be a postal supervisor is a lowly position. Therefore, this is the comparison.
Pi Rixiu's "Drunk to Send Lu Wang to a Pot and a Jue": "Drunk We can't rely on each other, so we sent Qingzhou to work. "Huang Tingjian's "Clams with a Pure Tao and Returning to Shunquan": "The Shanglue Supervisor Post has a bad taste and cannot be held up to the clams. ” 4. Summary of the classical Chinese knowledge of "Jian Jin Jiu"
Notes
⑴ "Jian Jin Jiu": an old title of Han Dynasty Yuefu. Jiang (qiāng): Please. "Jian Jin Jiu" is selected from "Li Taibai" "Complete Works". This poem was written around the eleventh year of Tianbao (752), eight years after the poet was "returned with gold" by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. At that time, he and Cen Xun were invited to climb Songshan Mountain (in today's Henan Province). Fengshi) Guest at Yuan Danqiu's house
⑵ Jun Bu Jian: A common compliment in Yuefu. "Heaven comes up": The Yellow River originates from Qinghai, so it is called because of its extremely high terrain. >
⑶Gaotang: Refers to parents. Qingsi: Black hair. This sentence means that the elderly parents are sad when they see their own white hair in the mirror. ⑷Delight: When they are happy.
⑸ Huixu: should.
⑹ Cenfuzi: refers to Cen (cén) Xun. 2. Everyone is Li Bai's friend.
⑺Bei Moting: One piece is "Jun Moting"
⑻Yu Jun: For you, Jun, Zhi Cen and Yuan. .
⑼ Listen with your ears:
⑽ Bells and drums: musical instruments used in banquets of wealthy people. Food (zhuàn) Yu: description of beautiful food. Food is as exquisite as jade. Food, food and drink are as beautiful as jade. ⑾ No more awakening: There are also versions of "no need to wake up" or "no need to wake up" (current high school textbook "People's Education"). Publishing House---General High School Curriculum Standard Experimental Textbook---Appreciation of Ancient Chinese Poetry, Poetry and Prose----I hope I will be drunk forever and never wake up)
⑿Chen Wang: refers to Cao Zhi, the king of Chen Si . Pingle: Guanming. Outside the west gate of Luoyang, it was a place of entertainment for the rich and powerful in the Han Dynasty. "I have little money".
⒁Jingxu: simply, just do it. 沽 (gū): means "馤", buy or sell, here refers to buy.
⒂Five-flowered horse: Refers to the precious horse. One says the hair color is five-patterned, and the other means the long hair is trimmed into five petals. ⒃er: You.
Translation.
You didn’t see the water of the Yellow River rushing from the sky,
The waves rolled straight to the East China Sea, never to come back.
You didn’t see the old man. My parents lamented their white hair in front of the mirror,
The hair that was all white when they were young is now white.
When you are proud of your life, you should indulge in joy.
Don’t let this golden cup stand empty against the moon without wine.
Everyone must be useful as long as they are born.
Once a thousand taels of gold are used up, they can come back again.
Let’s cook sheep and slaughter cows for fun,
Drinking three hundred cups at a time is not too much!
Master Cen and Dan Qiusheng are born!
Drink quickly! Don't stop drinking.
I sing a song for you,
Please listen attentively:
How precious is the luxurious life with bells ringing and delicious food,
< p> I just hope that I will never be sober again if I stay in Zuixiang for a long time.Since ancient times, these two kinds of wine have been lonely,
Only those who drink can leave a good reputation.
Did you know that King Chen Cao Zhi hosted a banquet at Lepingguan?
The guests and hosts drank and drank to their heart's content.
Master, why do you say I don’t have much money?
Just bring out the wine and let me drink it.
Five-flowered horses, golden fox furs,
Quickly ask the waiter to exchange them for fine wine,
I and you *** will dissolve this eternity together worry! 5. What kind of mood does the inclusion of wine in poetry convey to the ancient literati?
Wine is an indispensable part of Chinese culture. You need to drink a few glasses when saying goodbye, and drink a few jars when you are sad. Of course, I also have a drink during my leisure time.
To this day, wine is still an indispensable part of life. There are dozens and dozens of beers at late-night food stalls, and the shadow of wine is indispensable on the dinner table. Even the grandfathers in the countryside will drink a glass of liquor under the light in front of the house in the afternoon or evening.
My grandma and grandpa often say that they feel completely refreshed after taking a sip of wine. There are so many poets in China, including those who love drinking, and their poems about drinking are even more brilliant.
Li Qingzhao, the most talented woman of all time, is a drinker and often gets drunk. Searching and searching, deserted and miserable.
It is most difficult to take a breath when it is warm and then cold. How can three cups and two glasses of light wine defeat him, who comes late and is in a hurry? The wild geese are passing by, and I am sad, but it is an old acquaintance.
Xun Xun Mi Mi always looks like this deserted place, which makes people feel sad and depressed. In this season, when it is warm and cold, it is the most difficult for the body to regulate.
How can you resist the chill of the cold wind in the evening after drinking three glasses and two glasses of light wine. The geese flying south just flew over here, and the saddest thing is that they turned out to be old acquaintances.
Li Qingzhao’s poems include all kinds of wines, including a little drunk and a big drunk, drunk and awake, and in dreams. Probably after crossing south, I was faced with the situation of losing my motherland and home, so I could only drink to drown my sorrows.
Li Bai, the "Immortal of Poetry", was also famous for his drinking. I remember Du Fu's saying, "Whoever drinks and sings and drinks in vain, who is the hero of being so domineering" has always been his true love for Li Bai. When bidding farewell, there will be "I urge you to drink another glass of wine. There will be no old friends when you leave Yangguan in the west." Have another drink. After leaving here, there will be no old friends to drink with.
It will be many years before we see this place again. At that time, we should sigh, "I was a guest in Jianghan, and I returned drunk every time I met.
After the floating clouds parted, the flowing water lasted for ten years." Once upon a time, when we met, we would never come back without getting drunk, but after we parted ways, it was like running water for ten years.
Every time we say goodbye, we never know when we will meet again. Perhaps it is like the poem written by Huang Tingjian to a friend, "A glass of wine with peach and plum spring breeze, ten years of light rain in the rivers and lakes." A glass of wine, although it is just a glass of wine, usually everything is in this glass of wine. When we meet, it is peach and plum spring breeze. The warmth, and after the separation, they drifted in the rivers and lakes. Only under the solitary lamp at night, that touch of longing seemed very strong.
Drinking is not only about helplessness and farewell, but also about the heroic spirit of those who once wanted to go to the end of the world with a sword. Xinfeng wine fights with ten thousand people, and Xianyang rangers live for many years.
When we meet, our spirits will be your drink, and we will tie our horses to the weeping willows of tall buildings. Xinfeng's wine is still very expensive, but the young people are in high spirits. Even if they meet by strangers, they may have already become each other's confidants over these few glasses of wine.
Whether you are happy, frustrated, or drinking with all the heroic spirit, it is one of the most satisfying things in life. ----------------------------------There is true love in wine, and wine is used as poetry. There is true love in wine. Wine There is true meaning in it.
Ancient literati had a special liking for wine. How much affection did they express by using wine in their poems? "Passing an Old Friend's Village" Tang Dynasty Meng Haoran, an old friend, invited me to Tian's house with chicken and millet. The green trees border the village, and the green mountains and hills slope outside.
Open a pavilion and a garden, drink wine and talk about mulberry and hemp. Wait until the Double Ninth Festival, and there will be chrysanthemums.
?7?2 Treat friends with wine, meet up with friends, and chat happily, how can you do without wine as a companion? "Send Yuan Er Envoy to Anxi" by Wang Wei of the Tang Dynasty. The morning rain in Weicheng is light and dusty, and the guesthouses are green and willows are new. I advise you to drink another glass of wine. There will be no old friends when you leave Yangguan in the west.
?7?2 Practice it with wine and sincerely advise your friends to drink another glass of wine. After you and I part, we will never know when and where we will meet again. "Su Mu Zhe" Fan Zhongyan of the Song Dynasty has a blue sky, yellow leaves on the ground, and waves of autumn colors, and the cold smoke is green on the waves.
The mountains reflect the setting sun and receive water from the sky, and the fragrant grass is ruthless, even outside the setting sun. The soul of the darkened country is chasing the thoughts of the journey.
Unless every night, sweet dreams leave people to sleep.
I rest and lean alone high in the Mingyue Tower. The wine fills me with sadness, turning into tears of lovesickness.
?7?2 Send lovesickness with wine, the bright moon shines on the high building, wander alone, pick up the wine glass, and relieve the lovesickness in your heart! "Four Poems for Drinking Alone Under the Moon, Part One" by Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty There is a pot of wine among the flowers, drinking alone without any blind date. Raise a glass to the bright moon and form three people facing each other.
The moon does not know how to drink, but its shadow follows me. For a while, the moon will be shadowed, and we must have fun until spring.
My singing moon lingers, my dancing shadows are scattered. They make love when they are awake, but they disperse when they are drunk.
We will travel together forever, and we will meet each other in Miao Yunhan. ?7?2 Use wine to relieve loneliness, raise a glass to invite the bright moon, face each other and become three people. Finally, we have a drinking companion, and we can drink and have fun, which temporarily comforts our mood.
"A Guest Travel" Tang Dynasty Li Bai Lanling fine wine tulips, jade bowl filled with amber light. But it makes the host drunk, and the guests don't know where they are in a foreign country.
?7?2 Reminiscent of hometown with wine, the host will surely make the guests drunk when they serve such good wine. In the end, how can we tell where is our hometown? "Written in the guest house when seeing Li Shaofu off" Gao Shi of the Tang Dynasty met in the hotel with many unexpected intentions. It was snowing at dusk and the sky was clear at first, waiting for the wild geese to fly.
The master has drunk all his wine and you are still drunk. In the evening, you will not be able to return home after a long journey. ?7?2 Talking over wine, meeting by chance, and having thousands of words to say, how can we not have a long conversation? The wine has been drunk, but the words have not yet been spoken.
"Liangzhou Ci" Tang Dynasty Wang Han's luminous cup of grape wine reminds him to drink pipa immediately. Lord Don't laugh when you are lying drunk on the battlefield. How many people have fought in ancient times? ?7?2 The soldiers strengthened their ambitions with wine, drank to their heart's content at the wine banquet, and thought about riding on horseback to the battlefield to kill the enemy and serve the country, all the soldiers were full of pride.
"Shui Tiao Ge Tou" Su Shi of the Song Dynasty When will the bright moon appear? Ask the sky for wine. I don’t know what year it is today in the palace in the sky.
I want to ride the wind back home, but I am afraid that it will be cold in the high places. Dance to figure out the shadow, how does it seem to be in the human world.
Turning to the Zhu Pavilion, the Qihu is low, and the light is sleepless. There shouldn't be any hatred, so what's the point of saying goodbye? People have joys and sorrows, separations and reunions, and the moon waxes and wanes. This is a difficult thing in ancient times.
I wish you a long life and a long life. ?7?2 When we cherish people with wine, we cannot see each other when we are separated. We have to pick up the wine glass, look at the sky, and talk about the bright moon. Why does it become full only when people are leaving? Since it is difficult to see each other, I wish you all the best to enjoy the beauty of this world.