Shao Yong (January 21, 1011 - July 27, 1077), named Yaofu, also known as Mr. Anle, also known as Mr. Baiyuan, posthumous Kangjie, later known as Shao Kangjie, Northern Song Dynasty One of the five sons, he is a Yi scholar, thinker and poet.
A brief introduction to Shao Yong’s life
His grandfather, Shao Dexin, and his father, Shao Gu, both hid their virtues and were not official. Shao Yong's ancestors were from Fanyang (now Zhuozhou, Hebei). When he was young, he moved with his father to the foot of Sumen Mountain in Baiyuan, the capital city (now Huixian, Henan). Later generations called Yong "Mr. Baiyuan".
Shao Yong had a reputation for being studious in his youth. "History of the Song Dynasty" records: "When Yong was young, he showed his talent and generously wanted to establish a reputation. He read everything in books and began to study, which was hard work. The carvings were severe, and there was no stove in the cold, no fan in the summer, and no table at night for several years. He sighed and said: "The people in the past are still friends in the past, but I have not reached the four directions." So he crossed the river, Fen, and crossed the Huaihe River and the Han Dynasty. , Zhou traveled to the ruins of Qi, Lu, Song and Zheng, and after a long time, he came back and said: "The way is here" and then he did not come back."
Shao Yong later lived in Luoyang, together with Sima Guang, Er Cheng and others. Lu Gongzhu and others have close friendships. Shao Yong, Er Cheng, Zhou Dunyi, and Zhang Zai are collectively known as the "Five Sons of the Northern Song Dynasty".
In the first year of Emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty (1049), he settled in Luoyang and made a living as a professor. In the seventh year of Jiayuan (1062), Shao Yong moved to the west of Tiangong Temple in Luoyang and to the south of Tianjin Bridge. He named his house "An Le Wo" and named himself Mr. An Le. When traveling, you must take a small car and be pulled by one person[2]. < /p>
Spring flowers bloom early, summer cicadas are noisy on the branches.
Autumn is coming, white snow is falling, and winter is coming.
It’s easy to grow old. , after all, it is better to build a comfortable nest.
It says: Play chess, calligraphy and painting, fish, read and farm wood.
Come to the river to fish, and play the harp when you are free.
Drinking a cup of tea and feeling happy, I really pushed down the mountain of sorrow! (Song of Comfortable Nest)[3]
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Song Renzong Jiawu and Song Shenzong Xining At the beginning, he was raised twice, but he refused to go because he was ill. When Shao Yong was seriously ill, Cheng Yi went to visit him and asked: "From now on, do you have any advice?" Shao Yong said: "The path in front of you must be wide. If the road is narrow, you will have nothing to worry about. How can you make it happen?" Are people walking?" [4] He died in the tenth year of Xining (1077). Song Zhezong was given the posthumous title Kangjie in Yuan Dynasty. He is the author of "Huangji Jingshi", "Yichuan Jingliang Collection", "Yuqiao Qiaowen", etc. In 1975, nine volumes of "The Complete Poems of Mr. Shao Yaofu" were unearthed from a Song Dynasty tomb in Xingzi County, Jiangxi Province [5].
Shao Yong’s theory
Innate Bagua Diagram
Shao Yong has done a lot of research on the Book of Changes and opened up the field of "Xiang Shu". He "explored The traces are hidden, the divine contract is wonderfully understood, the profound secrets are penetrated, the vast ocean is vast, and there are many things that can be achieved” [6]. Shao Yong inherited and carried forward Chen Tuan's "Xiantian Picture Theory of Zhouyi" Zhu Zhen said: "Chen Tuan passed on Zhongfang with "Xiantian Picture", Zhongfang passed it on to Mu Xiu, Mu Xiu passed on Li Zhicai, and Zhicai passed it on to Shao Yong." [7 ] Zhu Xi believed that Shao Yong inherited it from Chen Tuan, and Chen Tuan also inherited it: "Shaozi invented the innate map, and the map was passed down from Xiyi, and Xiyi also passed it on." [8] Shao Yong said:
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Tao gives birth to one, and one is Tai Chi; one gives birth to two, and two is Liangyi;
Two gives birth to four, and four is four images; Four generates eight, and eight is the Eight Diagrams;
The Eight Diagrams generates sixty-four, and the sixty-four are then the number of heaven and earth.
All things in the world are based on one.
p>It can be transformed into tens of thousands, and the number of the world can be reduced to one [9]
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Shao Yong can truly inherit the pre-Qin law. The theoretical essence of the Xiangshu school of Yi studies since the Han Dynasty (the study of hexagram changes) and the Han Dynasty (the study of hexagram changes), and can integrate the moral values ????of Confucian classics (that is, the way of inner sage and outer king). Zhu Xi highly praised "Huangji Jingshi". He said: "When someone watches Kang Jie's "Yi", he doesn't look at others."[10] Zhu Xi called Shao Yong the "Six Masters" of Taoism together with Zhou, Zhang, Ercheng and Sima Guang.
Shao Yong's important works
"Huangji Jingshi"
"Yichuan Jingliang Collection"
"Fishermen and Woodcutter Questions and Answers" : The whole book uses a question and answer method to elucidate the relationship between nature and changes in human affairs. Chao Gongwu believed that it was written by Zhang Zai, while Zhu Zi definitely believed that it was written by Shao Yong. "Huang's Richao" thinks it is superficial, but scholar Guo Yiyun believes that this is not necessarily the case - its discussion of fate, humans and ghosts, and the endless principles of villains also have their own unique features.
"The number of gods on the iron plate"
"The Easy Number of Plum Blossoms"[11]
Evaluation of Shao Yong
"History of Song "The Biography of Shao Yong" says: "It is the talent of Shi who receives the sixty-four hexagrams of Hetu, Luoshu and Fuxi. The biography of his talent has a long history, and Yong Tan's hidden secrets, Miao Si's divine deeds, and insightful Yun "Oh, Wang Yang is a man of great wealth, and he has much to gain." Cheng Yi said in "Mr. Shao Yongjie's Epitaph": "(Shao Yong) has pure virtue, and you can tell that he is virtuous without showing off." q. No defenses, upright but not forgiving, clear but not sweating, clear and clear inside and outside... Live in groups and drink, laugh and talk all day long, do not take more than others.
"[12]
Er Cheng did not appreciate his teachings very much and criticized him: "When Shao Yao was about to die, he just made fun of him and left for a moment; it would not be like this if he looked at it as a saint" and "Taking a look at Yao Only when a husband is poetic can he understand the truth. But I have not gained anything from Confucianism. "[13]
Zhu Xi said: "The studies of Cheng and Shao are indeed different, but the two Chengs respected Kang Jie the most. Gai believes in his way without confusion, and does not mix with heresies. The class is like the one between Wen Gong and Hengqu. "[14]
Notes
1.^ He was born on December 25, the 25th day of the fourth year of Dazhong Xiangfu, the reign of Emperor Zhenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty, and died on the fifth day of the seventh month, the 10th year of Xining, the reign of Emperor Shenzong. When the day was ugly
2.^ According to "Anecdotes of the Song Dynasty": Whenever "when the weather is warm and cool, Shao Yong would ride in a chariot and drive an ox, and travel to the houses of princes and princes. There is a cozy house, sir, when he comes to his home, there are no old, married, or good-looking women hanging around the door, quarreling with each other to ask for help. If there is any quarrel between the father, aunts, aunts, maids, and concubines, and they are not able to decide after time, tell them themselves in front of the house. . The gentleman distinguishes each one one by one, and everyone is pleased with him. Satisfied for several days. I visited the family again and returned home after more than a month.
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3.^ Edited by Guo Yiyun. "Lecture Notes on Shao Zi's Yishu". Dingyuan. September 2010: Page 2. ISBN 978-986-7175-40-3.
4 .^ "Song and Yuan Academic Cases·Sushui Academic Cases"
5.^ China Social Sciences Magazine - The Song version of the documents unearthed by Xingzi was recognized as the only domestic copy with high research value
6 .^ "History of the Song Dynasty·Daoxue Biography·Shao Yong Biography"
7.^ "History of the Song Dynasty·The Scholars 5·Zhu Zhen Biography"
8.^ "The Zhouyi Census and Differences".Appendix 》
9.^ "Huangji Jingshi" Volume 1
10.^ "Zhu Xi Yulei" Volume 100
11.^ See Shao Yong's " "Easy to Count Plum Blossoms"
12.^ "Collected Works of Ming Dao" Volume 4
13.^ "Er Cheng Collection"
14.^ "Song and Yuan Academic Cases. One Hundred "Yuan Xue Case" Character Information Tonight Paramount Xin Wei's personal information? Feng Enhe's personal information? Ma Jiajia's personal information_ Zhang Mengning's personal information? Liuxiaolingtong Zhang Jinlai's personal information?