The moon has set, crows crow, and autumn frost is all over the sky.
The maple trees by the river are sleeping in sorrow.
The lonely and quiet Hanshan Temple outside Gusu,
At midnight, the passenger ship rang a sweet bell.
Don't you think this explanation is far-fetched? Although it is the language of poetry, it is always a bit irrelevant to interpret "Jiang Feng fishing for fire to sleep" as "Jiang Feng fishing for fire to sleep". If Jiangfeng is interpreted as a maple tree by the river, then Jiangfeng and Fishing Fire are juxtaposed, and Jiangfeng's fishing and sleeping should be interpreted as Jiangfeng's fishing and sleeping, and the "right" here should be relative. Imagine that "maple trees by the river", "sleeping" and "fishing fire" refer to people on board. People can worry or sleep. Can you say that the tree is asleep?
Let's take a look at the geographical location of Hanshan Temple: "Suzhou Hanshan Temple is located in Xuzhiqiaofeng Town, seven miles (or five kilometers) away from Nagato, between Qiao Feng Bridge and Jiangcun Bridge on the side of the Grand Canal ..." Because the title of the poem is a night-mooring near maple bridge, we all know that there is a Qiao Feng Bridge, and few people know that there is a Jiangcun Bridge. Did the first person who explained this poem not know that there was a "Jiangcun Bridge"? Just literally interpreted as "maple by the river"? The problem can only be a problem. I can't provide exact evidence to turn doubt into affirmation, but I can only talk about my own understanding. Since it is a "night berth near Fengqiao", it means that the poet's boat is parked by Fengqiao, and there are boats moored by Jiangcun Bridge, and each other can see the lights on the other boat. Therefore, I think that "Jiangfeng fishing and sleeping" should be understood as "Jiangcunqiao fishing and sleeping", which is more fluent and easier to understand. On the other hand, can you see the maple trees clearly on the night when the moon sets? Can a poet full of worries be interested in writing about maple trees? Fish and fire are different. In the dark night, the fish fire will be very bright. Whether you want to see it or not, it will catch your eye. In a deeper sense, the poet wrote about fish and fire, but in fact he expressed his inner sadness "fire".
In my opinion, the reason why this poem has become a well-known masterpiece is not that three bridges and one mountain are listed in two poems, as textual research scholars think, but that the poet, with his outstanding talent, has painted us a night parking map with bright colors and mixed scenes. You see: In the crisp autumn night, first frost is threatening, and the moon sets. Listening to the crow's cry and watching the red maple on the river bank and the fishing fire in the river, the passengers on board can't help but feel homesick and can't sleep for a long time. The midnight bell of Hanshan Temple knocks on the traveler's heart from a distance ... Such a wonderful and unique picture makes the readers of the ages feel as if they are there, and experience a feeling they have never had before with the poet.
But now some people say that this picture is wrong. First of all, a "black crow" is not a crow. Because "the crow's habit is not to crow after sunset but before dawn". So what is "five bodies"? They verified that "Pentateum Bridge" is also called "Pentateum Bridge". It is said that there is a five-step bridge 300 meters west of Hanshan Temple. According to the abbot of Hanshan Temple, Wuti Bridge was built in the seventh year of the Sui Dynasty and destroyed in the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, it is concluded that "the moon sets at sunset" in the poem means "the moon sets in the direction of Wuti Bridge". -I think this statement is far from perfect. Generally speaking, crows don't crow at night, but that doesn't mean crows will never crow at night. As we all know, Yuefu has the title of "Wu Ye Tune". Legend has it that Liu Yiqing ① (note: ① [Liu Yiqing (403-444)] was the imperial clan of the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties and was named King Linjiang. Love literature and recruit scribes. He wrote Shi Shuo Xin Yu. ) Because something angered Wendi, he was imprisoned at home. His concubine heard the crow at night and thought it was a good sign. I wrote this song after my release. In addition, the lyrics of Yuefu Qinge are "Crying at Night", which explains why Wei Yan (Note: ① [Make peace (? -249)] Three Kingdoms Wei Xuanxue. ) daughter. In addition, Tangjiao Fangqu and later Nanbei Qu all have the song "Wu Ye Tune". Can we write off all these songs and legends with The Crow's Habit? Cao Cao said in his "Short Songs" that "there are several bright moons, and blackbirds fly south". Can you make a textual research on the grounds that crows are used to staying in nests at night, and say that the blackbirds flying south on this moonlit night are other nocturnal birds? In fact, crows that live in their nests at night will fly around under special circumstances, such as being disturbed by something. Secondly, you said that the Wuti Bridge was built in the seventh year of the Sui Dynasty. What literature and historical data can prove it? If there is no documentary evidence, do you know that this pentathlon bridge was not named by good people after a night berth near Fengqiao became popular? It should be noted that this situation is common. For example, after Liang Zhu's story was widely circulated, how many Zhu Yingtai reading rooms, Liang Shanbo's Tomb and Liang Shanbo Temple appeared in different places? Third, the bridge is on the river and its position is low, so it is reasonable to guess in a general sense. ), it is impossible to give people the impression that the moon fell in that direction, unless your bridge is a strange bridge built on a protruding hill to write "The moon fell and cried" to the poet.
The new explanation of "Jiang Feng" is especially far-fetched. I haven't done any investigation, and I don't know whether there are really two sister bridges side by side in front of Hanshan Temple, one is called Jiangcun Bridge, and the other is called Qiao Feng Bridge. Even with these two bridges, how can the poet call them "Jiangfeng" for short in his poems? Obviously, it not only violates the habits of the ancients, but also violates the habit that people abuse abbreviations the most today. Besides the poet himself, who else can understand such abbreviations? Furthermore, poetry should pay attention to images and artistic conception. What is the image and artistic conception of such a puzzling abbreviation? Where is the beauty? It can be said that it has no meaning except for the textual research of good people after 1000 years. Finally, if this "new explanation" can be established, then the title of this poem should also be changed to "One Night at Jiangcun Bridge-Near Bofeng Bridge". Is it okay?
The new commentator also found out that on the west bank of the canal, about two kilometers away from Hanshan Temple, there are two mountains, one is called Lion Mountain, the other is called Sleepless Mountain, also called Gushan Mountain. Therefore, the new interpreter thinks that "the fishing fire in Jiangfeng is relative to the sleepy mountain", that is, Jiangcun Bridge, Qiao Feng Bridge, the fishing fire is relative to the sleepy mountain. I think, given this "solution", this poem is dull, and the whole poem is dull. Recently, some comrades shouted loudly there: there must be an "I" in poetry. Without "I", there would be no poetry and no literature! Is this statement correct? Let's not talk about it for the time being. As far as the poem a night-mooring near maple bridge is concerned, there is indeed an "I". This "I" is on the word "sad sleep". This "I" is really a master and the lifeblood of the whole poem. With this sleepy "I", the moon sets, crows, frosty days, river maple, fishing fire and bells are full of vitality, and the color of subjective feelings and a touching artistic conception are born. If "melancholy sleep" is interpreted as an isolated mountain two kilometers away, "the moon sets" and so on will become dead, and so will the whole poem. In this way, the "midnight bell" has become unprovoked. It should be noted that the "bell" for the passenger ship is actually for the "sleepy" people on the passenger ship. A ship is an ignorant thing. Does it matter whether you ring the doorbell or not?
Therefore, I think that if we interpret "melancholy sleep" as a mountain, it will only destroy the artistic conception of the whole poem and spoil the whole poem. This explanation is not worth accepting. Perhaps textual research experts will say, "There is a sleepy mountain about two kilometers away from Hanshan Temple. Do you have any reason to say that Zhang Ji didn't write it? " I am still the same sentence: Do you have any documents to prove that this mountain was called Sleeping Mountain in the Tang Dynasty? If not, then, Anzhi didn't become famous after Zhang Ji's poems became famous, but was attached by good people? In fact, according to the textual research article, the sentence "Moumian Mountain, also known as Gushan Mountain" has revealed the news. Let's make it clear: Is this mountain "also known as an isolated mountain" or "formerly known as an isolated mountain"? If it was originally named Gushan, then the name "Sad Sleep" was undoubtedly added by later generations. If it's really an alias, why should we create an alias for Lonely Mountain besides Sleeping with Disappointment? This alias was already very famous in the Tang Dynasty (if it's not famous, Zhang Jichuan wouldn't know its name and certainly wouldn't write it in the poem)? This is really an unanswerable question.
There is another sentence in the New Interpretation: "Since the fisherman holds the lamp, the word' sleep' cannot be solved." So I had to interpret "melancholy sleep" as a mountain. But I don't see what is "inexplicable" about fishermen holding lanterns and passengers "sleeping" on their own boats. Don't fishermen allow passengers to sleep after turning on the lights? Or, after passengers sleep, fishermen are not allowed to hold lights?
In a word, I think such a "new interpretation" will turn every word into something concrete, and as a result, the artistic conception of the poem will be completely lost and the interest will be dull. Such textual research and new explanation are either far-fetched or at the expense of the art of poetry. To tell the truth, as a reader of Tang poetry, I am very dissatisfied with this "new interpretation". I hope that only doers in the tourism industry will do such textual research and research. In order to attract tourists to the places of interest near Hanshan Temple, it is understandable that they conduct such research and textual research and make such a "new interpretation" of a night berth near Fengqiao. But I hope literary researchers don't do this.