The reason why Li He, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, is called the "Poetry Ghost" is because his works often show amazing imagination and always create some ghost images, but they do not make readers It produces a feeling of horror, but instead feels vivid and emotionally intense. In Li He's ghost world, he can express many things, whether it is love or ideals and aspirations. Li He likes to use the method of referring to the past to reflect the present in his creations. We have all studied Li He's life and poetry, but do you know what kind of person Li He is when it comes to love?
Love is an eternal topic of mankind, but for prostitutes, most of their love does not have a good ending, which is in line with the curse of "since ancient times, beauties have had a bad life". As we all know, men are mostly lower-body animals. Their eyes are always fixed on a woman's beautiful face, and the main line that controls their emotional nerves always comes from the first sense, that is, "love at first sight." However, the boys that women love do not necessarily have to be good-looking. Even if you are not tall, rich and handsome, as long as you are talented, you can still win the hearts of women.
If you want to talk about the favorites of prostitutes in ancient times, you will definitely first think of Liu Sanbian, who wrote lyrics according to the order, because his lyrics "follow the customs and are chanted by the world", "at once beautiful, Spread in all directions." If I were a prostitute, I would only fall in love with Liu Yong's lyrics, and I would never fall in love with this world-famous wanderer who spends his days wandering around the flower streets and Liu Lanes. I will love even more the genius poet Li He who is single-minded and talented.
1. Primary and middle school students are studying Li He's poems
"The sand in the desert is like snow, and the moon in Yanshan Mountain is like a hook. How can I be like a golden Luo Nao, and walk quickly to enjoy the clear autumn." This poem is Five of Li Hema's twenty-three poems are currently included in the second volume of the Chinese language for sixth grade primary school students. By studying horse poems, Chinese people have known from an early age that Li He, a poet of the Mid-Tang Dynasty, has aspirations as strong as horses. While praising horses and sighing about horses, he closely connects his destiny with the horses galloping on the battlefield, thereby expressing the extraordinary talents of benevolent people and the unappreciated talents. With lofty ambitions, Ma's poems exude the poet's emotion and resentment everywhere, and are indeed the best group of poems in comparison poetry.
"Gaoxuan Guo" is one of the ancient extracurricular poems in junior high school. It is a social poem. It was written by Li He in front of Han Yu (then the official wailang) and Huangfu Shi (the then imperial censor) when he was just starting out. The poetry of the scene shows that the poet is talented. Therefore, even when Li He was squeezed out as a Jinshi, Han Yu still supported him and served as the minister of honor for three years.
Among the 72 articles that must be memorized in the new high school curriculum standards, the 19th poem is Li He's "Li Ping Konghou Yin". The reason why Li He's poem has been included in the new high school curriculum standards is because the poet has a particularly rich imagination, magnificent colors and strong artistic appeal. The whole poem has beautiful language, novel conception, and unique approach. It only uses two sentences to briefly describe the music itself, but uses a lot of ink to render the music's moving effect of shocking the world and weeping ghosts and gods. A large number of associations and mythological stories are combined to make the work full of A touch of romanticism. Therefore, the poet created a unique style of poetry, which is called "Changji style".
In fact, most of the 247 poems written by Li He are rich in imagination, and they often use ancient myths and legends to support the past and present, and use ghosts and gods to speak to people to relax their minds, so the world calls him " His poems are called "ghost genius" and "poetry ghost", and his poems are called "the words of ghosts and immortals". Together with Li Bai and Li Shangyin, they are called the "Three Lis of the Tang Dynasty".
2. How is love, Xun Fengqian
The old man Mu Xin said: "The sun has become slow in the past / Cars, horses, and mail are all slow / There is only enough time to love one person in a lifetime." Li He did this thousands of years ago. Regarding love, he wrote: "The windlass turns on the bed in the well. The sound of water is loud and the sound of strings is shallow. How is the love, Xun Fengqian..." At first glance, the description of this poem is very simple, nothing more than the windlass woman and Wells and the like, I can't find any internal connection between things, and I am even confused. What is the connection between the windlass and the bed? I don't know what the poet wants to say. However, "Xun Fengqian" and "love" are involved together, which makes people think of a poignant love story.
During the Three Kingdoms period, Xun Fengqian, the youngest son of Xun Yu, a famous minister of the Eastern Han Dynasty, married a good-looking wife and they were deeply in love with each other. My wife had a high fever in winter and became seriously ill. Xun Fengqian went outside and lay in the snow to let her body cool down. Then she went back inside and put her body close to her wife to cool her down. Unfortunately, his wife's illness was not cured in the end. What's even more tragic is that he also died shortly after his wife died.
The poet praises Xun Fengqian's love, which is actually his unswerving attachment and fascination for love, which can easily purify the soul and transform into a tragedy-like realm. It also naturally reveals his longing for beauty. The sense of disillusionment that life is beyond your reach. Therefore, Li He boldly let go of his mood in his poems, "One day makes a thousand years, and there is no need to let it flow down."
When it comes to marriage, the genius Li He is even more consistent. "Don't wash red, wash more red and lighter..." This poem was written by Li He to say goodbye to his wife when he went out to become a marquis. The poem is titled "Don't wash red". Literally, it is to advise people not to wash those colorful cloths frequently, as they will fade naturally if washed too much. In fact, it is telling people not to let the relationship between husband and wife fade away because they have been separated for a long time.
In that patriarchal society, any respectable man does not have three wives and four concubines, but Li He can do it all the way to the end. How can the beauties not like it and double-click it!
3. There are no things to unite, and fireworks Unbearable
Among the talented and beautiful brothel girls, Du Shiniang jumps up and breaks people's hearts; The beauty had to disappear in the ancient temple. Su Xiaoxiao was the only beauty who was not sad and not related to politics. She fulfilled the dreams of literati: How could such a woman lose her youth for a certain person? Poetry Ghost Li He took Su Xiaoxiao's story as the theme and wrote many "ghost" poems about Su Xiaoxiao, creating a beautiful, cold, erratic, and looming ghost image of Su Xiaoxiao.
"The orchid dew is like crying eyes. There is nothing to unite, and the fireworks cannot be cut..." The first and second lines of the poem describe her beautiful appearance as an orchid with crystal dewdrops. , more like her tearful eyes. Here we capture the eyes as the windows to the soul for description. First, it makes people want to see her beauty through her eyes. Second, it makes her mood more eye-catching.
The next three or four sentences describe her state of mind: Su Xiaoxiao, who lives in the netherworld, does not "sing and play" joy, but is only filled with sorrow and resentment. After she passed away, her pursuit was in vain. Life and death were blurred, and there was nothing to unite her. The wild grass and flowers on the grave were too luxuriant to be cut and given to each other, and everything came to nothing. This kind of mood is exactly the connotation of the word "cry".
The middle six sentences describe the costumes and items used by Su Xiaoxiao’s ghost. They are still very touching: the green grass is her mattress; the green pines are like her umbrella cover; the spring breeze is blowing, it is Her clothes are fluttering; the sound of running water is the sound of her ring; the oil-walled carriage she rode in during her lifetime is still waiting for her to have a tryst "under the pines and cypresses of Xiling". This part secretly echoes the previous "Nothings form the same heart".
The last four sentences describe the light and flameless will-o'-the-wisp, flickering with dim green light amidst the wind and rain. This part closely follows the "oil-walled car, waiting for each other in the evening". The green candle was originally designed for lovers to meet. If a lover cannot come as promised, the green candle will be just a fake thing. There were candles and no one, making the scene even more desolate.
This poem is inspired by the scenery, transforming the characters through the scenery, integrating scenery and personification into one. He writes about orchids, dewdrops, fireworks, grasses, green pines, spring breezes, and running water. Each stroke is about scenery, but also about people. It not only highlights the graceful and colorful image of Su Xiaoxiao's ghost, but also writes about people. At the same time, it also reflects the loneliness and desolation of her mood, achieving the artistic effect of killing two birds with one stone. The words "such as" and "wei" are used to cleverly combine the scenery and people, which not only creates the atmosphere of ghost activities, but also shapes the characteristics of the characters.
After reading this poem, we suddenly realized that although Su Xiaoxiao was a famous prostitute of her generation, she was deeply in love. Even if she died as a ghost, she would not forget to stay with the person she missed. She was imprisoned and had different paths of life and death, but she couldn't fulfill her wish. She is still wandering on the underworld with lingering sorrow. In Su Xiaoxiao, it is not difficult to see the poet himself, who just wanted to do something for the troubled Li Tang Dynasty. However, he was born at the wrong time, and his passion was not appreciated. Isn't this just the "unity of two minds"?
To put it bluntly, Li He's extensive use of ghosts in his poems is nothing more than A form that reflects the content of the human world and expresses people's thoughts and feelings. Behind the beauty and intensity, there are thoughts of sadness and loneliness. Through the desolate and cold appearance, there is the burning passion of the poet. Liver sausage.
Let me ask: How can people not love a poet who loves dead prostitutes so much? That’s why Li He’s ghost poems are not “ghostly” and fully demonstrate the great love in the world. If I were a beautiful woman, I will definitely fall in love with that genius!
About the author Ma Xianwu, whose pen name is Mo Nian. Some of his works have been compiled into the book "Experts of the Chinese Century". He has published nearly a million words of works in dozens of paper media or online platforms, and published the novella "Love Returns to the Wilderness".