We can discuss the comparison between the graceful and unconstrained features of words from the following three aspects.
(a) Different themes
Graceful words, in subject matter and content, take loving one's son and parting as the first theme, which has nothing to do with people's livelihood, and sing those themes that are not suitable for chorus in orthodox "poems" Bold words have a wide range of subjects. It not only describes flowers, moonlight and relationships between men and women. Moreover, I prefer to absorb major themes such as military affairs and state affairs, so that words can reflect life like poems. The so-called "nothing to enter, nothing to enter". As soon as the word appeared, it took "eroticism" as its purpose and established the dividing line between poetic and picturesque. This division of labor gave the literati a way to vent their passion, especially natural rationality and anti-feudalism. Therefore, the theme of this theme is mainly to describe the relationship between men and women, the affection of children, where to go, and the sad feelings at that time. It is the product of common culture such as urban prosperity and colorful moon dance, and has a strong entertainment color. From the birth of Ci to the perfection of Liu Yong, the vulgar attribute of "Ci is a colorful subject" has been reasonably existing and developing in the Temple of Heaven. However, if it is allowed to develop from kitsch to kitsch, it will inevitably arouse the dissatisfaction of the representatives of orthodox culture such as scholar-officials and even destroy this new school of poetry. At this time, Su Shi advocated "taking poetry as ci" and emphasized that "ci is also a poem with long and short sentences of the ancients", not to obliterate the special aesthetic taste of ci. He instructed to transform the vulgarity of Ci with the elegance of poetry, advocated the character of Ci, and made Ci reach a higher aesthetic realm. Therefore, later, bold ci appeared, and the style of ci became more and more elegant, and it was mainly military and state affairs, with a grand realm and great momentum.
(2) Different artistic expressions.
Graceful words focus on subtle and beautiful expression, not as straightforward as bold words, which is mainly related to their subject matter. Graceful words are suitable for music, sing the content of love between men and women, be euphemistic and gentle, and dance lightly, so as to better show their artistic beauty. Imagine, before the banquet, under the hustle and bustle, leaning on the green, if you really invite the big shots from Kansai to sing about the political situation and talk about the way to run the country and keep the country safe, wouldn't it be disappointing! And all this is precisely the so-called need to send guests to entertain. However, if you are bold, you like to express your feelings directly and come straight to the point. As for the bold and unconstrained writing, its profound thought, elegant taste, thought-provoking philosophy and artistic style of "dignified and elegant, vigorous and graceful" are enough to make people fall in love without too much rhetorical modification. These two expressions, whether right or wrong, serve the theme and have their own advantages. Imagine that expressing your love for your children directly or expressing your lofty aspirations in a graceful way will inevitably greatly reduce its artistry and make people feel uncomfortable to read.
(3) Different artistic tastes.
Graceful words are profound and meticulous in structure, pay attention to melody harmony, and the language is round and fresh, with a gentle beauty. The entertainment of the theme determines that graceful words should be combined with melody and sung in harmony with the beat, so they are feminine and even luxurious. The content emphasizes the expression of romantic feelings, parting from sorrow and feelings of the motherland, which makes graceful words must be sensitive and meticulous, and advocate the realm of artistic beauty, so as to have its existence value. In today's words, it is a carefree petty bourgeoisie sentiment, a kind of softness, which is wonderful to read, better to remember and can stand scrutiny. Bold words give people the feeling of majesty and momentum, like a tough guy with strong bones. They have a broader creative vision and a magnificent atmosphere. They like to use poetic techniques, syntax and typology to write words, with rich words and many things. They don't pay attention to the harmony of rhythm like graceful words, nor are they limited to observing rhythm, but their contents are more substantial. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Huang Tingjian, Chao, He Zhu and others all had works of this style. After Du Nan, due to the great changes of the times, tragic and generous high notes came into being, which became a common practice, and Xin Qiji became a giant and leader of a generation who created bold and unconstrained ci. The school of bold and unconstrained ci not only "stood tall and shook the ci circle in Song Dynasty", but also widely influenced the study of ci in later generations. From the Song and Jin Dynasties to the Qing Dynasty, there were always poets who held high the bold banner and made great efforts to study Su and Xin.
Elegant people want their words to be meaningful, while uninhibited people want their weather to be magnificent. Although the cover is touching because of its quality and expensive words, it is based on Grace. "Xu Shizeng statement is similar to Zhang Wan. Gracefulness and boldness are not enough to summarize the rich and varied styles of Song Ci, but they can show that there are two basic tendencies in Song Ci, either feminine or masculine, which is helpful to understand the artistic style of Song Ci.
Graceful and restrained means implicit. This word first appeared in the pre-Qin Dynasty, and people used it to describe literary rhetoric in the Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties, such as Chen Lin's For Yuan Shao and Gongsun Zan: "I have enough words to write, and my words are graceful." Lu Ji's Wen Fu: "Or empty is graceful." In the history of ci poetry, femininity has become a habit for a long time. The lyrics were originally written for concert singing. At first, the purpose of singing was to entertain guests, and the occasion of singing was nothing more than your home in the palace, the Chuge in Qin Lou. Therefore, the content of the lyrics is nothing more than leaving your thoughts and feelings, forming a "sweet and soft" word style represented by "Picking Flowers". Yan Shu, Ouyang Xiu, Liu Yong, Qin Guan, Zhou Bangyan and Li Qingzhao in the Northern Song Dynasty inherited the rest. Although they have developed in content and are more exquisite in brushwork, they all have their own charm and have their own families, but they have not deviated from the gentle track. Therefore, the predecessors often used the words "graceful beauty" (the afterwords of Tiaoxi Echoes), "gentle" (etymology), "take precautions" (preface to wine) and "tortuous euphemism" (Yuefu Yu Lun) to describe the style of his works. It should be said that it has been brewing for a long time to summarize this kind of ci style with the "graceful school" in the Ming Dynasty.
Graceful ci school is characterized by its emphasis on children's customs. The structure is profound and meticulous, paying attention to the harmony of melody, and the language is round, fresh and beautiful, with a kind of femininity. Narrow content.
For a long time, characters tend to be gentle and graceful, so people have formed the concept that grace is authentic. For example, Li Houzhu, Liu Yong, Zhou Bangyan and other ci writers regard "the authenticity of ci" as "the authenticity of ci" in Comments on Yi Zhou Shan Min Ci, which represents this view. Graceful words once dominated the ci world for a long time, until a large number of poets such as Jiang Kui, Wu Wenying and Zhang Yan in the Southern Song Dynasty were influenced by graceful words in different ways.