Time: Tang
Author: Li Yu
Title: Meet You Huan
Content:
The flowers in the forest are in a hurry. Helpless, the cold rain comes in the morning and the wind comes in the evening.
rouge tears, stay drunk, when heavy. Naturally, people grow up to hate, and water grows east.
going to the west wing alone without words, the moon is like a hook. Lonely phoenix tree deep courtyard, lock clear autumn.
if you keep cutting, you will lose your mind, which means leaving your sorrow. It's not a general taste, it's in my heart.
[ translation]
Colorful flowers will fade in an instant,
Spring is too hasty,
I can't help the cold rain in the morning and the wind at night!
The spring rain, the beauty's tears, how much drunkenness people have left,
When will we meet again now?
Life is a long hate, just like spring water flowing eastward every day!
this word embodies the infinite disappointment of life in the description of the remnants of late spring, and it is a model of lyricism on the spot.
The beginning of the sentence "The flowers in the forest thank the spring" shows the author's feelings of hurting the spring and cherishing the flowers; And the continuation of "too hasty" will strengthen this feeling of hurting spring and cherishing flowers. The messy residual red, spring goes in a hurry; And the author's spring of life has already gone in a hurry, leaving only a broken spring heart and a broken spring dream. Therefore, the feeling of "being in a hurry" is of course caused by the speed of forest flowers withering, but it also blends the lament that life is short and the future is numbered, which includes the author's rational thinking on the life process.
The sentence "I have no choice but to come to the cold rain and come to the wind late" points out that the reason why the forest flowers hurried away was that the wind and rain invaded Gong, and the author's early death in the spring of life was not due to too much hurricane and rain. Therefore, this sentence is both an exclamation and a sigh. "Helpless" is full of feelings of being unwilling to be destroyed by external forces and hating oneself for being unable to change the ecological environment.
change the first three sentences of "rouge tears" to anthropomorphic pen and ink, showing the feeling of farewell between the author and Lin Hua. Here, on the one hand, there are frustrated people who have lived in the last days, and on the other hand, there are flowers that are no longer in full bloom, and the two are suddenly opposite. "Rouge tears", according to the last sentence "The flowers in the forest have withered the spring red", is a change from Du Fu's poem "The flowers in the forest are wet with the rain". The forest flowers are bullied by the wind and look like rouge. "Rouge tears", this is also called. However, Hua Ben has no tears. In fact, the author who is used to "seeing things from me" empathizes with him and makes him personalized-the author has changed through the ages, tears blood without tears, and is it not like rouge?
"stay drunk", one is "stay drunk", flowers pity people, and people cherish flowers; At the time of tears, it is hard to tell whether people keep flowers or flowers. With the word "drunk", it is very vivid to write the modality of being infatuated with each other and becoming reluctant to give up as soon as possible, while "when is it heavy" evokes the disappointment and confusion that people and flowers share the same hope and self-knowledge hope cannot be realized.
Conclude the sentence "People grow up and hate water to grow in the east", and see the sadness in one go. It seems that "human growth hatred" is not only an expression of one's own frustrated feelings, but also covers the shortcomings of the whole human life, which is a sigh that blends and condenses countless painful life experiences.
A brief analysis
The word "Meet You Huan" sings about parting worries. The writing period of this word is difficult to determine. If it is written by Li Yu in his early years, the dazzling sadness in his ci is just an episode of his palace life. If it is written after the return to Song Dynasty, it should show his cone-heart pain when he left home for the country. From the sentence "Go to the West Building alone without words", take a picture of the sorrowful god. Those who are "speechless" are not speechless, but have no words. From the author's "silent" and "exclusive" sluggish steps and dignified expression, it can be seen that he is very lonely and sad. Originally, the author was well versed in the principle of "don't lean on the railing alone", because the scenery outside the railing often touches the sadness in his heart, but now he is willing to take the "risk", which shows that he misses his old country (or old friend) very much and is very attached to it. "The moon is like a hook", which is what the author saw in the west building. The waning moon reflects the author's loneliness, as well as the "three thousand miles of mountains and rivers" ("Broken Array") that is beyond his sight. How many reverie and memories did he have? Looking down at the downstairs, I can see that the deep courtyard is shrouded by autumn scenery in Xiao Sa. "Lonely phoenix tree deep courtyard locks clear autumn", here, whether the "lonely" person is a phoenix tree or an author, it is impossible and unnecessary to distinguish, because love and scenery are infinitely beautiful. After the film, people have always praised the three sentences of "cutting constantly", using hemp to express sadness and concretizing abstract emotions, but it is even more important for the author to conclude the sentence: "Don't be a general taste in my heart." Poets use vivid artistic images to express their sadness when they leave, or to write about the depth of their sadness, such as Li Bai's Away from Parting: "The sea goes straight down to Wan Li, and no one can say that they are sad about the past"; Or write about the length of sorrow, such as Li Bai's "Qiu Pu Ge": "The white hair is 3, feet, and the sorrow is like a long one"; Or write about the weight of love, such as Li Qingzhao's "Wuling Spring": "I am afraid that the boat will not carry many worries"; Or write a lot of worries, such as Qin Guan's "Thousand Autumn Years": "Spring is gone, and fast-flushers are like the sea." Li Yu wrote the taste of sorrow in this sentence: its taste is sour and salty, but it is rooted in the author's heart and cannot be dispelled. The tongue is not good, and the heart feels it. Therefore, there is no need to appeal to people's vision, but directly to people's hearts. After reading, people naturally combine their own experiences and feel the same way. There is no doubt that this way of writing has its profound points.
Li Yu (937 ~ 978) is a five-pronoun person. The monarch of Southern Tang Dynasty. The word is heavy, and the first name is from Jia. Xuzhou (now Jiangsu) people, said Huzhou (now Zhejiang) people. The sixth son of Li Jing, the Lord of the Southern Tang Dynasty. In the second year of Jianlong (961), he succeeded to the throne, which was known as the late Lord in history. At the age of 38, Mr. Song drove across the river and besieged Jinling. Next year, the city fell to Song, and he was captured to Bianjing, where he was made a general and disobeyed orders. After being poisoned by Song Taizong Zhao Guangyi.
in the later period of the middle period, the Southern Tang Dynasty became a vassal of the Song Dynasty. When Li Yu was in office, he had been humble to the Song Dynasty. When he was 18, he made contributions, and his government was exhausted. But he still didn't want to cheer up, flashy and extravagant, superstitious about Buddhism, and was finally destroyed by the Song Dynasty. He is an incompetent emperor in politics, but he has many artistic talents, such as calligraphy, painting, mastering temperament, poetry and prose, and his achievements in ci are particularly high.
Li Yu's ci can be divided into two periods, with Song Taizu's eighth year of Kaibao (975) as the boundary. His early ci has shown his extraordinary talent and excellent skills, but the theme is narrow, which mainly reflects the court life and the love between men and women, such as "Jade Louchun", "Snow at the beginning of evening makeup", "Xi Qian Ying", "xiao yue Falling", "Su Yunwei", "Huzhu", "Early makeup" and "Bodhisattva Man". There are also works about parting lovesickness, such as "Qing Ping Le" and "Don't come to Spring Half", etc., which write lyrical scenery and blend into one, which is more healthy and readable. In the later period, Li Yu changed from a little emperor to a prisoner. The humiliating life, the deep pain of national subjugation, and the reminiscence of the past, "I only wash my face with tears every day" (Wang □ "Silent Record"), made his ci achievements greatly exceed the previous period. 〕 BU Zhen Zi 〕 "Home country for forty years" reflects the turning point of his life experience and ci style. Yu Meiren, "When is the spring flowers and autumn moon", "Langtaosha", "Rain gurgling outside the curtain", "Night Crying", "Flowers in the Woods wither in spring" and "Going to the West Building alone without a word" are his later masterpieces, which mainly describe the scene of looking at the fence and returning to the dream, expressing his infinite nostalgia for "the old country" and "the past".
Li Yu's ci has inherited the tradition of Hua Jian ci writers such as Wen Tingyun and Wei Zhuang since the late Tang Dynasty, and has been influenced by Li Jing and Feng Yansi, which has pushed forward the creation of ci. Its main achievements are as follows:
① Expanding the field of expression of words. Before Li Yu, the words were mainly erotic and shallow in content. Even if they contained a little embrace, they mostly used figurative techniques, which were hidden but not revealed. However, most of Li Yu's works are straightforward, pouring out the feeling of his life and country, and expressing his true feelings. Therefore, Wang Guowei said, "When Ci came to Li Houzhu, it began to have a wide vision and deep feelings, so it became a word of a musician and became a word of a scholar-bureaucrat." (
② It has high generality. Li Yu's ci often reflects a certain realm of general significance in real life through concrete and sensible personality images. Famous sentences such as "The small building had an easterly wind last night, and the old country couldn't bear to look back in the middle of the moon and the bright moon" ([Yu Meiren]), "Flowing water has gone in the spring, and it's on earth" ([Langtaosha]), "People naturally grow up and hate water" ([Wu Yeti]), and "Being away from hatred is like spring grass, going further and living" ([Qingpingle]) are profound.
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③ The language is natural, refined and expressive. His words are not colorful, but touching; Not vague, but meaningful; Form an artistic feature that is fresh, beautiful and graceful.
④ originality in style. Hua Jian Ji and Southern Tang Ci are generally good at euphemism and beauty, while Li Yu is good at it. Such as "Hao Dang" by [Yulouchun], "Bloody Night Crying", "The majestic bitterness is both male and female" by [Langtaosha] (see Tan Xian's Fu Tang Ci Hua), "Yu Meiren" is natural and unrestrained, "If a foal is born out of control" (Zhou Ji's Introduction) As Nalan Xingde said, "Hua Jian Ci, such as ancient jade, is valuable but not applicable, Song Ci is applicable but less heavy, and Li Houzhu has its beauty, which makes it confusing." (Miscellaneous Notes on the Lushui Pavilion)
Li Yu is rich in poetry, prose, ci, books and paintings. His old minister said that he has 3 volumes of Collected Works and hundreds of miscellaneous notes. There are 1 volumes of Li Yuji in the Records of Reading in the County Zhai, and 1 volumes of Li Houzhu in the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Records of Song History and Arts. There is one volume of Two Main Words in the Southern Tang Dynasty in Solving the Problems in the Records of Zhi Zhai, and now there are 34 Li Yu's poems recorded in Mohuazhai edition in the 48th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (162), among which one poem "Looking at the South of the Yangtze River" can be divided into two. Shao Changguang recorded another song in the post-Qing Dynasty, and Wang Guowei added nine songs as an addendum to Two Main Poems of Southern Tang Dynasty in modern times, but there seem to be many problems among them. According to the opinions of most scholars in modern times, only 32 poems can be identified as Li Yu's. There are two main words in South Tang Dynasty written by Liu Jizeng in Qing Dynasty, two main words in South Tang Dynasty written by Tang Guizhang, and revision of two main words in South Tang Dynasty written by Wang Zhongwen. Zhan Antai's Li Jing Li Yu Ci has detailed annotations. For his deeds, see History of the New Five Dynasties, History of the Song Dynasty, Books of Southern Tang Dynasty by Ma Ling and Lu You, and Chronicle of Two Masters of Southern Tang Dynasty by Xia Chengtao.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------after the Southern Tang Dynasty. Therefore, according to an old legend, Li Yu was captured in Bian, and Song Taizu gave him a house and Song Taizong gave him poison. The so-called grandson is also a grandson, which is where Li Tang abdicated. Personnel have experienced many vicissitudes. Today's Sun Li Tang Villa, small bridges and flowing water, hedgerow earth courtyard, and the former secluded small building have long since ceased to exist.
who can be tired in the dust of service
Li Yu (937-978), whose word emphasizes light, was first named Congjia. The sixth son of Li Jing, the Lord of the Southern Tang Dynasty. According to the feudal tradition of the eldest son attacking the throne, he has absolutely no hope of being an emperor, and he himself has no such luxury. His aim is to be a charming scholar or a master hermit who is full of economy. Confucianism is weak and sickly by nature, and likes literature and hates martial arts. Among many factors of his personality, he inherited the demeanor of his father Li Jing more. "The post-masters are young and ancient, because there is a Han and Wei style in the text." He also knows temperament, good words and calligraphy. Learn Liu Gongquan from books, nine times out of ten. He used to make a trembling pen, which was as strong as cold pine and frost bamboo, and people called him Jin Cuodao. Moreover, every time I often write big characters, I don't need to abandon my pen, but only roll my silk book, which is satisfactory from top to bottom, left and right, and is called a book. His paintings are best with bamboo with feathers. Older than the frost, the smoke tip is exposed, and it is like an ancient wood, which has its own refreshing charm. He has a rich collection of books and reads a lot. It is said that Song Taizu pacified the south of the Yangtze River and got more than 1, volumes of books from Jinling Pavilion, which were carefully collated and compiled. This is very rare in the extremely turbulent era of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. So, among all the books, what did he devote himself to? Xu Xuan, an old minister, once said such a thing: "(Yu) tasted calmness and nearness, saying,' When you are young, you should learn to be a writer; In order to learn for writing, Mo Ruo discusses the morality of six nationalities and traveling to the first king. If it doesn't work, it's still ancient Confucianism. " "Preface to the Imperial Miscellanies") shows that Confucian classics are his regular lessons. But somehow, his thoughts were not bound by the traditional Confucianism. Don't saints talk about "making statements, establishing virtues and making contributions"? He just wants to "speak out" and has little interest in the rule of virtue and martial arts. Didn't the sage say that "if you are rich, you will be good at the world, and if you are poor, you will be good at it"? He doesn't mean "reaching", and he doesn't want to take any responsibility for the world. He just wants to be "independent". The reasons for this are complicated. On the one hand, he lived in the troubled times of feudal society, just like other upper-class literati in the five excellent countries, the foundation of traditional Confucianism has actually disintegrated and shaken in their spirit. The era of disintegration and the precarious existence of separatist regimes have made them lack political enterprising spirit. Take care of the scenery, lest it be too late. Pursuing worldly happiness is a common psychological feature of people. "Sneer at the Qin Emperor's farsightedness, and quietly patrol Ji Man when he is bitter." "Who can be tired in the dust, and greedy fish and dragons build a strong name." Playing the first emperor and Zhou Muwang, although the hero sees the world and shines everywhere, what is there to envy? If you fall into the dust net, you can only ask for trouble. You don't have to work hard for the sake of fame. "Let the moon be in hand and shake the wind. "Pouring a bowl will last longer, and it will be deeply handed over to the garden guests." Look! How comfortable and chic this is. "Since the glue library, heart hydrophobic fortune. Educated by the shadow of my father and brother, I am happy to travel in the sun and the moon. Thinking about chasing the nest, I am far from admiring the lofty righteousness of Yi Qi. " This is how Li Yu described his life and ideals as a teenager.
On the other hand, it is the suspicion of Li Yu's eldest brother Hongji. In history, Hongji was heavy and taciturn, resolute and decisive. Changzhou defeated Wu Yuebing in World War I, and was surrounded as a prince with meritorious military service to participate in political affairs. However, some of his actions were repeated into Li Jing's will, and Ji Jing started to abolish the legislation. Hongji secretly sent someone to poison his uncle Jing Sui. Is Hong Ji compatible with his own brothers? Not necessarily. Now Li Yu's two poems "Fisherman" vaguely reveal some news:
The waves are full of snow, and the peaches and plums are silent. A pot of wine, a rod of nylon, there are several people in the world.
a spring breeze, a boat, a cocoon and a light hook. Flowers are full of Zhu, wine is full of ou, and you are free in the waves.
It is said that these two poems were inscribed on the painting "Fishing for the Olympics on the Spring River" by Wei Xian in the Southern Tang Dynasty. The life of fishing and seclusion praised in the ci clearly bears the author's subjective emotion, which is a true portrayal of his suspicion of his eldest brother and his desire to avoid disaster. Yusheng has a strange appearance, a wide forehead and cheeks, parallel teeth, and a heavy eye. This appearance is also easy to attract the taboo of Hongji. Aren't Dashun and Xiang Yu both heavy pupils? One is a saint and the other is a hero. How can Huang Lee be an idle person? No matter what Hong Ji thinks, Li Yu will try his best to avoid politics for his own sake. He called himself Zhong Yin, also known as Zhong Shan Hermit, Zhong Feng Hermit and Lianfeng Lay Man, and made it clear that he had no intention of running state affairs. In fact, he never thought about what political career he would achieve in his life. He only wanted to be a scholar.