Expression skills of appreciation of ancient poetry

Appreciation of ancient poetry is an important content of the Chinese language in the college entrance examination, which requires candidates to fully mobilize their knowledge accumulation, life experience and aesthetic taste into their works, perceive the image of poetry, taste the language of poetry, appreciate the expressive skills of poetry, and express it in their own language. This paper introduces the propositional forms and problem-solving countermeasures of ancient poetry appreciation, hoping to bring substantial help to candidates. First, the expression skills class [propositional form] What expression skills are used in this poem? What kind of artistic technique (skill) is used in this poem? How do poets express their feelings? Analysis and expression skills are the methods to analyze the poet's expression of thoughts and feelings. Therefore, it is best to start with the artistic conception of poetry. When answering questions, it should include (1) pointing out the expression used; (2) The concrete application of this technique in poetry; (3) the benefits of using this technology. [Example] Try to analyze the expression skills of the following poem. Where is the famous prime minister's office in Shu? In a pine forest near the Silk City. The steps are dotted with green grass in spring, and birds are chirping happily under the leaves. The third call aggravated his state affairs, and he gave his sincerity to two generations. But before he conquered, he died, and since then the heroes have been crying on their coats. [Reference Answer] This poem mainly uses emotions, allusions, foil and other techniques in the scenery. Among them, three or four sentences are about the feelings in the scenery, and the words "self" and "emptiness" are about the beauty of the ancestral temple but no one appreciates it, and the music scene is about sadness. "The third call made him shoulder the national affairs, and he gave his heart to two generations." A sentence set off Zhuge Liang's outstanding talents with Liu Bei's three visits to the cottage, expressing the poet's admiration for Zhuge Liang. Second, the image artistic conception class A. Image [propositional form] What kind of image has this poem shaped? On the image characteristics in this poem? What kind of emotion does the poet express through the image shaping in his poems? The images in the poem pour into the poet's thoughts and contain the poet's emotions. Therefore, image should be something that melts the poet's thoughts and feelings. To analyze the image of poetry, we should identify its nature according to the specific images and pictures described in the poem, and summarize the symbolic and social significance of the poem on the basis of reading the poem. The answer steps are: (1) find and describe the image of poetry; (2) Summarize the image features; (3) Reveal the author's emotion. The answer should include three main points: what is the image of (1); (2) What are the specific characteristics of the image; (3) What is the meaning of image? [Example] Try to analyze the image of thrush in the following poem. Thrushcross Ouyang Xiu moves at will, and the flowers are red and purple. Only then did I understand that listening to the cry of the thrush locked in a golden cage is far less than singing leisurely in the forest. (Note: This poem was written when the author was demoted to other places.) The poem describes the free and unrestrained image of a thrush after he came out of the cage. One or two sentences specifically describe the characteristics of thrush's free flight and free singing after flying. In fact, the image of thrush is a portrayal of the poet's freedom after he got rid of the shackles of the court. B. artistic conception [propositional form] what kind of artistic atmosphere has this poem created? What kind of thoughts did the poet express? What kind of picture does this poem show us? What kind of scenery does this poem describe? What kind of feelings did the poet express? To analyze the artistic conception of poetry, we should grasp three aspects: one is to describe the picture of poetry; Second, we should summarize the characteristics of artistic conception; Third, we should analyze the author's thoughts. The specific answer is divided into three parts. In the first part, candidates should describe the artistic conception created by poetry in their own language. There are two main points here. First, use your own language and avoid direct quotation. The second is to describe the main scenery. You don't have to write every sentence and every scenery, but you should write the main scenery in beautiful language. In the second part, after describing the pictures, we should use a concise sentence to summarize the atmosphere characteristics of the situations created by these scenes, either quiet, bleak, vibrant, lonely and desolate, magnificent, depressed and sad, harmonious and quiet, open and desolate, lofty and vast, and so on. The third part, according to the characteristics of the scene atmosphere of this poem, talk about the poet's thoughts and feelings again. [Example] What artistic conception did the author create in the following poem? What kind of ideal does this artistic conception show the author? After the rain of Wei, the mountains are empty, and the Wang Zhuan in autumn stands on the autumn night. The bright moon shed clear light from the cracks and cleared the fountain on the rocks. The bamboo forest is sonorous, the washerwoman returns, and the lotus leaves are swaying to get on the canoe. Spring spring might as well give it a rest, and the autumn sun can stay on the hills for a long time. [Reference Answer] When Shan Yu first arrived, everything was new; The early autumn evening is quiet and clear. Clear springs, bamboo forests, pine trees under the moon and green lilies in the water are quiet and beautiful scenes in the mountains of autumn sky. By creating such a quiet and deep artistic conception, the author reflects the poet's yearning for quiet simple living and his disgust for dirty officialdom. Third, the language characteristics class [propositional form] What are the language characteristics of this poem? What kind of language style does this poem have? Talk about the language art of this poem. [Problem solving refers to Tianjin] This kind of question focuses on the level of poetic language, and candidates should answer it from the style or characteristics of the language. Generally choose the answer from the following words-fresh and elegant, simple and natural, bright and simple, flowery, euphemistic and implicit, concise and refined, depressed and frustrated, majestic, multi-spoken, and comprehensible as words. To analyze language features, we should first understand some terms, such as "fresh", "gorgeous", "bright", "implicit" and "concise". Familiar with the language features of some famous poets, such as Tao Yuanming's prosaic, Li Shangyin's flowery, Bai Juyi's vivid, Du Mu's implicit quatrains, Jia Dao's conciseness, etc. It is helpful to know these things. [Example] Try to analyze the following linguistic features of this poem. Four long dry songs (1) Cui Hao "tell me, where do you live? ? Near here, next to the fishing pond? "Stop the boat. Sorry, if we belong to the same town .. The language of this poem is simple and natural, bright and fresh, like a folk song. Where to live, in Hengtang, through the dialogue form of self-questioning and self-answering, with simple oral language, without carving, a simple and true image of a boatman woman is set off. Iv. Ideological Category [Proposition Form] Please analyze the thoughts and feelings or connotation of a poem, evaluate the thoughts and feelings of this poem, summarize the theme of this poem, summarize the ideological content of this poem, and elaborate the views, attitudes and opinions expressed in the poem. To evaluate ideological content, we must first make clear the superficial and deep meaning of poetry and grasp the theme and ideological tendency of poetry. Based on the appreciation of the imagery, language and expressive skills of poetry, we should make a comprehensive, accurate, in-depth, objective and appropriate analysis and evaluation. Don't make the mistake of "exaggerating" or "applying", and don't have insincere and specious questions. Try to be loyal to the original poem and be justified. The main points of answering questions should include three points: one is the image created, the other is the author's emotion, and the third is the ideological significance of the work. In concrete operation, we often use the sentence "describe the scenery of …, shape the image of …, express the feelings of the poet …, praise the quality of …, and criticize the views of …". [Example] What kind of emotion and ambivalence does the following poem reflect? At the beginning of the cold, Meng Haoran went wild in the south, and Shui Han had the wind from the north. My home is wandering by the river, and the sea of clouds is far away. Tears of homesickness in the journey, see the back of the sail on the horizon. The smoke in the wind blurs where the ferry can be, and the vast river ripples in the sunset. [Reference Answer] This poem depicts the rustling of fallen trees, geese flying south, the whistling of the north wind and the cold wind on the river, expressing the author's homesickness and the contradiction between seclusion and politics. It also shows the poet's feelings of worrying about the country and the people. Among them, "Surrounded by the clouds in this southern country" and "I saw a boat in the distant sky" expressed the poet's strong homesickness. Where is the ferry? Can someone tell me? " Borrowing allusions from Confucius that interested Luz shows the contradictory psychology of seclusion and politics.