Rhythmic poetry is a poem that pays much attention to the number of words, rhyme, tone, and antithesis. It stipulates that poems should have definite sentences, sentences should have definite characters, words should be plain and oblique, rhymes should be strictly followed, and the two couplets of rhymed poems should be in opposition, etc. It is produced based on the characteristics of each Chinese character and tone, and the special requirements of poetry for musical beauty, formal beauty, and refined beauty. Therefore, it has a strong vitality and continues to circulate.
Rhyme poetry has extremely strict requirements on rhythm. Rhythm includes rhymes and oblique rhymes, among which the oblique rhymes are the most important. As Chairman Mao said: "Because rhythmic poetry must emphasize rhyme and oblique rhymes. If it does not emphasize rhyme and oblique rhymes, it is not rhymed poetry." ("A Letter to Comrade Chen Yi")
Rhythmic poetry is divided into quatrains and rhythmic poetry, both of which are divided into five characters and seven characters. Rhymed poetry also has rhythm. It should be said that the view that quatrains are divisions of rhythmic poetry is incorrect. Quatrains were produced before rhythmic poetry. When quatrains were produced, rhythmic poetry had not yet been completely finalized. Therefore, there are still ancient poems that are not in rhythm, such as the moonlight in front of the bed.
Everyone generally knows the requirements for defining words and sentences in metrical poetry. It is worth mentioning that the middle two couplets of the metrical poetry must be in opposition. In terms of rhyme, metrical poems mostly use plain rhyme. The first sentence may or may not have rhyme, and the last words of other single sentences must be flat and oblique, which must be opposite to the oblique rhyme. So the most difficult thing is probably the issue of the correctness of the characters in the sentence.
Here, we briefly talk about the rules for creating metrical poetry. Regarding the creation of metrical poems, Mr. Wang Yongyi compiled a ballad for reference:
The meter is not difficult to remember, two, four, and six are clear. The first sentence is 廄平廄, or 平廄平.
The upper and lower sentences must be right, and the adjacent sentences must be glued together. Four characters guard against solitary level, and the last guard against three combinations.
Repeat the Seven Jue once, and the Seven Laws will be completed. The double end rhymes with flat rhyme, and the single end has many oblique sounds.
Seven words can be used to eliminate two words, and five words can be easily eliminated. How to know the rising and closing posture? The first sentence and the second end are determined.
The general meaning is: the rhythm of modern poetry is not difficult to remember, and the rhythm of the second, fourth and sixth words of each sentence must be consistent. The 246th character of the first sentence should be 廄平廄, or 平廄平. The 246 characters of the previous sentence and the 246 characters of the next sentence should be opposite. In the adjacent sentences, that is, the last sentence of the first couplet and the first sentence of the second couplet, the 246 characters of the two sentences should be the same. The fourth character of Qi Yan must avoid Gu Ping. If it itself has a flat sound and its neighbors all have oblique sounds, it is called Gu Ping. The last three characters of each sentence should avoid all flat or all oblique sounds. After determining the steps of the quatrain rhythm, repeating them will become the rhythm of the verse. The last word of the two lines in the verses is in flat tone and rhymes with the same rhyme. The last word of the single line is mostly in oblique tone. The rhythm of the seven-character poem is removed from the first two characters. Note that the fourth character should be the second character at this time, and it becomes the rhythm of the five-character poem. Whether a metrical poem is flat or flat, whether it is flat or flat depends on the second word of the first sentence and the last word of the sentence.