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The clothes and towels rustle with jujube flowers, and the cars in the south and north of the village ring.
Cow clothes and ancient willows sell cucumbers. The road is long and sleepy,
The Japanese expert was thirsty for tea and knocked at the door to ask the savage.
Brief introduction of the author
Su Shi (1037 ~110/) was born in Meishan, Northern Song Dynasty. He is a famous writer, one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. He is knowledgeable and versatile, and has high attainments in calligraphy, painting, poetry and prose. His calligraphy is called "Song Sijia" with Cai Xiang, Huang Tingjian and Mi Fei; He is good at painting bamboo and strange stones, and also has outstanding opinions on painting theory and calligraphy theory. He is a literary leader after Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty, and his prose is as famous as Ouyang Xiu. Poetry is like the name of Huang Tingjian; His words are magnificent and bold, and his words are graceful and restrained. Known as "Su Xin" with Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty, * * * is an uninhibited poet.
To annotate ...
1. This sentence means that jujube flowers fall on the towel in succession, and the syntax is inverted; Rustle, the way and sound of flowers falling.
2. Lathe: wire drawing tool.
3. Cow clothes: "Zhang Chuan" chapter "Sick, no quilt, lying in cow clothes". In Niu Yi, Volume II of Fan Yanlu written by Cheng Dachang in the Song Dynasty, "In terms of food, Dong Zhongshu said:' The poor often wear clothes of cattle and horses, but eat dog food.' People who wear cow clothes weave grass to keep warm, so that they can be wrapped in hemp fibers and the like. "Here refers to the melon man's rags. Or call it "semi-leaning", such as "Chuancun Poetry": "Try to look at Dongpo's ink as" semi-leaning "and you will know that the word" cow "is wrong."
4. want it.
5. M: Whatever. Because I am thirsty and want to have some tea casually, I have to knock at any house. Su Shi's "Connecting to the Savage King's House": "The thirst for wine and the thirst for tea are always outside the door", which is similar to these two sentences. Pi Rixiu's When I Wake Up: "Wine thirsts for tea", which is the essence of this sentence.
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Towels rustle in the wind, and jujube flowers fall with the wind. At the north and south ends of the village, the sound of rickshaws is endless. It's farmers in plain clothes selling cucumbers. It's a long way, they just want to take a nap. The sun is shining, but I'm thirsty. So I knocked on a villager's door and asked if I could pour him a bowl of tea.
Make an appreciative comment
From Ci to Su Shi, the theme, artistic conception and brushwork have been expanded, and the pastoral scenery that rarely appeared in Ci before also appeared in Su Shi's Ci. In the first year of Yuanfeng (1078), it rained after the spring drought in Xuzhou. Su Shi went to Shitan to thank the gods, and made a set of "Huanxisha" entitled "Five Poems of thanking the rain in Xumen Shitan", all of which described the pastoral scenery in early summer. This is the fourth one.
Intercept common scenes of rural life. The aroma of jujube flowers, the noise of cars and the leisure of melon sellers constitute a fresh and natural pastoral picture. Three sentences and three pictures seem to have nothing to do with each other. However, using this line on the road in Xie Yu makes people feel that this cartoon has a strong three-dimensional sense. This set of pictures is not only beautiful in color but also beautiful in music. Whether it is the rustle of falling flowers, the hum of pulling carts or the cries of melon farmers, it is full of rich life breath and vividly shows the thriving scene in rural areas. The beginning of the sentence "jujube flowers fall on the towel" reflects the joy of a prefect who cares about people's lives in the new rural scene after the rain. The sound of jujube falling on the towel is slight, but it is so real in the author's ear. The phrase "the car is ringing in the south of the village" shows how serious, careful and excited the author is. The phrase "selling cucumbers from cows and clothes" changed the writer's happy mood for vegetable harvest from another angle.
The first part is about the busy scene of rural productive labor, and the second part is about the hardships on Xie Yu's road. Walking from one village to another, it was already very hot and people were thirsty. Besides, they are sleepy and sleepy. I can't help thinking of quenching my thirst with tea and refreshing myself with tea. The word "question" is used with great care, which not only expresses the author's desire to have a cup of tea to quench his thirst, but also worries that it is inconvenient to rush in without farmers during the busy farming season. It depicts a well-known image of modesty and approachability, and describes the relationship between a satrap and ordinary farmers in a cordial and natural way. The scenery and characters in the whole poem are vivid and vivid, with strong local flavor, which opens up a new world for the theme of Song Ci. The word "knock on the door and ask the savage" came to an abrupt end here. What is the result of the poet knocking at the door? Did you drink tea? How did the farmers entertain him? There is no explanation between the lines, leaving the reader to imagine, endless. This is what classical poetry pays attention to, that is, "the implication between the lines is endless."
Although Su Shi is a scholar-bureaucrat, he has a heart close to the countryside and claims that "stone is the middleman". There is no difference between "knocking at the door to ask questions" and "savage" here, which can be seen. Among them, the word "Qian Wen" describes the author's feeling that he is full of hope for a cup of tea to quench his thirst, but he is worried that there are no farmers in the busy farming season and it is inconvenient for him to rush in. It depicts a modest and approachable image of knowing the state and describes the relationship between a satrap and ordinary farmers as cordial and natural.
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This song "Huanxisha" was written by Su Shi when he was a magistrate in Xuzhou at the age of 43. 1078 Spring (the first year of Yuanfeng), a serious drought occurred in Xuzhou. As a local official, Su Shi once led the masses to the stone beach 20 miles east of the city to beg for rain. After the rain, he went to the stone beach to thank the people for the rain and dew. Su Shi wrote the composition "Huanxisha" on his way to Xumen Stone Beach to thank the rain, which is the fourth of five songs. This work describes his experiences and feelings in the countryside. It is quite ingenious in art, and the characters start with typical things familiar in the countryside, showing a simple rural flavor with great interest. Fresh and simple, clear as words, vivid and vivid, is the remarkable feature of this word. The first part of this word is about scenery, and the second part is about lyricism. It should be pointed out that the scenery written by this word is not a unified picture composed of visual images in the general sense, but a series of continuous images reflected on the poet's consciousness screen through various sounds introduced into the eardrum.
This word was written by Su Shi when he was an official in Xuzhou (now Jiangsu Province). According to the superstitious custom at that time, a local official who cared about farming had to ask the "Dragon King" for rain during the drought. When it rains, I have to thank the "Dragon King" for giving me rain. This word was written by Su Shi when he went to the countryside to Xie Yushi.
According to the meaning in the article, "jujube falling towel" should be "jujube falling towel" When the ancients wrote poems, they often adjusted the order of sentence components according to the needs of rhythm and rhetoric. This is the case here. "rustling [si]" is to describe the appearance of jujube flowers falling one after another. "Clothing towel" refers to clothes and headscarves. In ancient clothing, men often wore headscarves. Jujube trees produce small yellow-green flowers in early summer. The author didn't see the falling jujube flowers from the side, but walked or stood under the jujube tree and let the jujube flowers fall on the towel. Next, "the village is south and the village is north." "Sā o", a hand-operated wire drawing tool. Silk reeling from the southern end to the northern end of the village is ringing. It turns out that silkworm farmers are working nervously. There are scattered jujube flowers, singing carts, and a farmer wearing a cow coat selling cucumbers under the old willow trees on the roadside. "Cow coat" is a kind of fabric made of hemp or straw, which is used to cover the body of cattle. This refers to something similar to hemp fiber. In the last three sentences, write one aspect of the scenery in each sentence. This time, Su Shi accidentally went to the countryside and sensitively grasped these characteristics, especially things with seasonal characteristics such as jujube flowers, silk reeling and cucumbers, and outlined them. With a few simple strokes, a rural genre painting in early summer was clicked.
This word is not only about scenery, but also about things. In the next movie, I turned to the writer's own activities. At this point, he has been "sleeping." "Drunk" means sleepy after drinking, that is to say, he had drunk before going on the road. "Long road" seems to have gone a long way, but it is still far from the destination. "Only", only. This word describes his drowsiness during the journey. "The Japanese are eager for tea." The sun has risen very high. Walking in the early summer sunshine, I feel hot and thirsty, and I can't help but want to drink a cup of tea to moisten my throat and quench my thirst. "Man" here means no choice. Thirst, need tea; I'm sleepy, and I probably want to borrow tea to relieve my sleepiness. So he "knocked at the door and asked the savage." "Savage", rural people, that is, rural people. Su Shi was the governor of a state at that time. He called the local farmers "savages" in his works just because he was an official. But the word "ask" shows that he is not bureaucratic. Instead of ordering his attendants to ask for it, he personally knocked on the door of a common people and politely discussed with them: fellow villager, can you give me some tea to quench my thirst?
In this way, I drew a very lively picture of the countryside with a few simple words; I also wrote a story about knocking at the door to ask for tea from a fellow villager, which he usually couldn't get in touch with at the official residence. I found it fresh and interesting. This word seems to be written casually, but in fact, it is vivid and vivid, which makes a memorable little word gain artistic life. This is what classical poetry pays attention to, that is, "the implication between the lines is endless." Why does the author "knock"? 1. He is a good parent who is considerate of people's feelings and loves the people as a child. He is modest and polite, and will not rush into the farmhouse. It has just rained after the drought, and the owner may have gone out to farm, but he is not at home, so I want to see if anyone is at home.
The phrase "clothes rustle and jujube flowers fall" in the word "Huanxisha" is actually an inverted sentence of "jujube flowers rustle and jujube flowers fall". In Du Fu's poem "Flourishing Autumn", there is "fragrant rice pecks at parrot grains, and old phoenix perches on branches", which means that parrot pecks fragrant rice grains and phoenix perches on old branches. While the subject and object are reversed, the objects "Xiang Dao Li" and "the place of competition" are also dismantled and belong to the subject and object position. Hong, a poet in A Qing, said: "Only when poets use inverted sentences can they feel strange and vivid." .
Huanxisha has beautiful scenery, vivid characters and local flavor. The sky is high and the road is long, and the wine makes people thirsty. Literally, it shows the fatigue of the journey, but it still conveys the feeling of being overjoyed. The mental outlook of the hero county magistrate is sympathetic to the people's feelings. This poem not only depicts a vivid picture of rural life in early summer, but also records the author's experiences and feelings during his journey, which opens up a new world for the social content of Ci in the Northern Song Dynasty. [3