This is easier to understand:
The emergence of wormholes can almost be said to be at the same time as black holes.
After Schwarzschild’s discovery of the Schwarzschild black hole, theoretical physicists have been exploring the Schwarzschild solution to Einstein’s normal equations for almost half a century. . Including the above-mentioned Kerr solution, Ressler-Nostrom solution and later Newman solution, they are all the results of research around Schwarzschild's solution. The wormhole I will introduce to you here
is also a descendant of Schwarzschild.
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Wormholes first appeared in the Schwarzschild solution when physicists thought of white holes. Through an Einstein thought experiment, they discovered that space and time may not be flat, but curved. In this case, we will find out very clearly that if the star forms a black hole, then the space-time at the Schwarzschild radius, which is the event horizon, is the same as the original The space-time is completely vertical. In a cosmic space-time that is not flat, this structure
means that the part within the black hole's event horizon will combine with another part of the universe, and then create a
Hole. This hole can be a black hole or a white hole. And this curved horizon is called the Schwarzschild Throat, which is a specific type of wormhole.
Since the discovery of wormholes in the Schwarzschild solution, physicists have been curious about the properties of wormholes.
Let’s first look at the classic function of a wormhole: connecting a black hole and a white hole, becoming an Einstein——
Rosen Bridge, which transports matter at the singularity of a black hole It is completely disintegrated into elementary particles, and then is transported to the location of the white hole through this wormhole (i.e. Einstein-Rosen Bridge), and is radiated out.
Of course, what I mentioned above is just that the wormhole serves as a path for transporting matter between a black hole and a white hole, but
The role of a wormhole is much more than that.
Black holes can also be connected through wormholes. Of course, no matter how strong this connection is,
it is still just a connected "cosmic prison".
The wormhole can not only be used as a tool to connect holes, it can also appear in the normal space and time of the universe, becoming
a hyperspace pipe that suddenly appears in the universe.
Wormholes have no horizon, only a decomposition surface with the outside world. The wormhole is connected to hyperspace through this decomposition surface, but the curvature of space-time here is not infinite. It is like a curve
being tangent to another curve in a plane. In the problem of wormholes, it is like a four-dimensional pipe and a three-dimensional space
Tangential, where the space-time curvature is not infinite. So we can now safely pass through the wormhole without
being destroyed by the huge gravity.
So what are the properties of wormholes?
Using the theory of relativity without considering some quantum effects and any energy other than gravity, we have obtained some very simple and basic descriptions of wormholes.
These descriptions are very important, but since what we are studying are black holes, not holes in the universe, I will only briefly introduce the properties of wormholes here. Some related theories and descriptions of these theories will not be covered here.
What are the properties of wormholes? The most important one is described in the theory of relativity and is used as a telltale train in the universe. However, the second important property of wormholes, which is what quantum theory tells us, also clearly tells us: wormholes cannot become a telltale train of the universe. The existence of wormholes depends on
a strange property and matter, and this strange property is negative energy. Only negative energy can maintain the existence of the wormhole and keep the decomposition plane between the wormhole and the external space and time open. Of course, based on Finkelstein's reference system, Dirac discovered that the choice of reference system can help us analyze physical problems more easily or difficultly. Similarly, negative energy is very easy to realize in Dirac's other reference system, because the expression of energy is related to the speed of the observed object. This conclusion also plays a very important role in the membrane gauge theory. Depending on the frame of reference, negative energy is very easy to achieve. When an object approaches a wormhole at near-light
speed, the energy around the wormhole naturally becomes negative. Therefore, it is possible to enter a wormhole at a speed close to the speed of light. However, if the speed is too far away from the speed of light, it is impossible for an object to enter a wormhole no matter what. This is one of the special properties of wormholes.
But the wormhole is not so peaceful. What I mentioned earlier is the wormhole in the quiet relativity theory. In the violent quantum theory, the properties of the wormhole have undergone very important changes.
We want to first look at the wormhole in the black hole, which is the subuniverse formed around the Schwarzschild throat and the singularity.
Under the influence of the huge gravity of the black hole, the quantum vacuum fluctuations around the black hole will be "fed" by the black hole's gravitational energy
and become very energetic radiation. This energy will ruthlessly destroy all forms of wormholes.
In a wormhole that is not surrounded by a black hole, since there is no "feeding" by the black hole's huge gravity, the wormhole itself cannot remain open for too long. Wormholes have a high chance of being opened randomly, but there is a greater chance of disappearing suddenly
. The wormhole opens for a very short time, just a few Planck times. In such a short "lifespan",
even light cannot complete half of the journey of the wormhole, and due to the disappearance of the wormhole halfway, the whole time and space
Disappear and become a true four-dimensional time and space traveler.
Moreover, when no object passes through the wormhole, the wormhole is relatively "long-lived". Once an object enters the wormhole, if the object has negative energy, , then fortunately, the wormhole will be opened; but if the object
has positive energy, then the wormhole will "die" before its "natural death". In the universe,
Energy radiation passes through every corner of the universe almost all the time, and these radiations are all positive energy.
So it is almost certain that under natural circumstances There are no wormholes.
So how are wormholes created?
There are two natural mechanisms for the generation of wormholes:
One is the powerful gravitational energy of the black hole;
The other is the rapid speed of the Kerr black hole. Rotation, the Lens-Tiering effect tears some small holes in the space-time in the energy layer around the black hole. These small openings are broken down under the action of gravitational energy and rotational energy, becoming some very small wormholes. Under the influence of the gravitational energy of the black hole, these wormholes can determine where their exits are.
But it is not possible to completely complete it now because quantum theory and the theory of relativity have not yet been fully combined.
There are also some articles, you can click to read them yourself:
This article address/04/1101/17/144AAINI0009rt.html
Poems about wormholes:< /p>
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Scientific opinion:
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< p>I wonder if you are satisfied?