The south of the Yangtze River and the north of the Yangtze River are sad and thoughtful, and the wine is red. ——Song Dynasty·Fang Yue's "Shui Tiao Ge Tou·Pingshan Hall Uses Dongpo Rhyme" The south of the Yangtze River and the north of the Yangtze River are melancholy and thoughtful, and the wine is red. The autumn rain is so green, and the mountains are leaning against the clear sky. Jiangnan and Jiangbei are sad and thoughtful, and the wine is red. Thousands of reed leaves can be seen on the boat, wild cabbage and water shield soup are in a dream, and I am speechless to send it home. Drunken eyes are blurry in Heluo, and I regret the setting sun.
Outside Pingzhou, the mountains are dark and the peaks are narrow. The world looks down at the ancient traces and sighs at the two immortals. There are no willows at that time, but the mist and rain of the past have wiped out a few heroes. The sky and the earth are whistling, and the horse is blowing from the west. Three Hundred Poems of the Song Dynasty, Lyrical and Nostalgic Translation and Annotations
Translation
Standing in the Pingshan Hall, looking into the distance, after the autumn rain, the mountains on the river bank are particularly green against the clear sky. A person travels all over the country, and how many sad thoughts he has, they are all drunk, let's forget them for the time being. Drifting thousands of miles along the reed bank in a small boat, Zhang Han's behavior of resigning and returning home after missing wild vegetables and water shield soup can only be a dream to me. I can only silently place my thoughts on Nanfei Hongyan. Looking back at the distant Yellow River and Luoshui with drunken eyes, how much regret and resentment remains under the sunset!
Outside Zhouzhu, where the apple grass is lush, the distant mountains are about to shrink their eyebrows in the dusk. Looking down at the human remains of Pingshan Hall, I sigh that the two immortals Ou and Su have passed away. The willows of that time are no longer in front of us, but the mist and rain of the past have wiped out several heroes. With a solitary whistle, I set off on my horse again, between heaven and earth in the bleak west wind. Appreciation
The two sentences "Sorrows and thoughts from the south of the Yangtze River and the north of the Yangtze River" mean that after traveling all over the south and north of the Yangtze River in my life, I have accumulated many sorrows and thoughts, so they are all drunk and forgotten for the time being. It is natural for people to drink to relieve their sorrows, especially for literati. But where did the author come from so many "melancholy thoughts", and what is its specific content? One is self-injury and wandering, and the other is lamenting that the Central Plains has not been restored. This is a somewhat tainted way of writing, that is, explaining the nature first and then expressing the content.
In the three sentences "Reed leaves can carry boats thousands of miles", the poet has been wandering away from home for many years and cannot return to his hometown. The sentence "Reed Leaf" shows a "pengzhou" (a small boat with a canopy roof) traveling on a bank covered with reed leaves. "Thousands of miles" expresses the length of the journey and the vastness of the wandering area. "Wild vegetable and water shield soup" uses an allusion from Zhang Han: It is said that when Zhang Han was working as an official abroad, he saw the autumn wind blowing and thought of the wild vegetables, water shield soup and sea bass soup in his hometown, so he returned home. Adding the word "a dream" after "wild vegetable and water shield soup" denies the reality of this matter. Therefore, he had no choice but to "speechlessly send me back to Hong" and silently watched Zheng Hong return to the south. Fang Yue was one of the famous Jianghu poets in the late Southern Song Dynasty. He wandered around the Jianghu as a boy. After middle age, although he became a Jinshi and traveled around various places, he still felt like "a wandering official became a prisoner." It is natural to think about something but not be able to return, and to think about it in sorrow.
The sentence "Drunken eyes are blurry in Heluo, and regret is in the setting sun", which means that the poet's eyes are dim after being drunk, and the area around Heluo is out of reach, and he is regretful in the sunset. This is not its literal meaning, but its essence. It expresses the poet's regret for the fall of the Central Plains and the failure to recover it.
The next part of the film starts from the foreground again. The three sentences "Outside Pingzhou" describe the appearance of distant mountains in the dusk. "Pingzhou" refers to Zhouzhu, which is covered with apple grass; beyond Pingzhou, the distant mountains lower their brow peaks in the dusk. This is to transfer the sad feelings into the objects, and write an emotional scene. This writing method, on the one hand, increases the image of the object, and on the other hand, it also expresses one's own feelings. It can be said that it kills two birds with one stone.
The five sentences from "The world admires the ancient traces" to "The obliteration of several heroes" turn into nostalgia. The author recalled that the two "immortals" Ouyang Xiu and Su Dongpo who had a close relationship with Pingshan Hall in those days have passed away, and he sighed with sadness.
"Willow" and "Misty Rain" are the scenery of Pingshan Hall described in the poems of Ouyang Xiu and Su Dongpo. The author cleverly quoted these two words, not only expressing his infinite admiration for Ou and Su, but also expressing the vicissitudes of life. feeling. The "willows" are gone, but the "misty rain" remains, and many heroes have been lost in this change. This is almost an eternal theme of literati’s nostalgia for the past. Deep down, they feel that life is illusory and cast a layer of nihilistic sentimentality. This is a common feeling among frustrated people in prison. Appreciation
Fang Yue was from Qimen, Anhui. He was born in the fifth year of Qingyuan of Ningzong in the Southern Song Dynasty (1199). He was promoted to Jinshi in the fifth year of Shaoding (1232) and served as a minister of the Ministry of Personnel and the magistrate of Rao, Fu and Yuan Prefectures. Judging from this poem, he had the ambition to regain the Central Plains. The whole word expresses a depressed mood of unfulfilled ambition.
At the beginning of this poem, an autumn scene in the south of the Yangtze River is shown: "The autumn rain is so blue, and the mountains are leaning against the clear sky." In just two sentences, the characteristics of rainy and sunny days in the autumn of the south of the Yangtze River are presented to the readers. In front of you. The word "blue" is used to describe autumn rain. This is the poet's original creation. One article writes that the autumn in the south of the Yangtze River is still green, and even the rain reflects the color of green. The other article writes that after the autumn rain, the mountains and fields have changed. It is even greener, as if it has been dyed by the green rain, which naturally leads to the sunny scenery of "mountains leaning against the clear sky". Autumn in the South is not as desolate as in the North, but the poet's sadness pervades "Jiangnan and Jiangbei", which shows that his sadness is not a general sad autumn caused by the natural scenery, but has another reason. The four words "Jiangnan and Jiangbei" are the reason for this sorrow. Looking south of the Yangtze River, you will feel safe in a corner; looking to the north of the Yangtze River, you will fall into the hands of the enemy.
Jiangshan Sheji is in the midst of internal and external troubles. How can we not be worried? "Pen Fu Jiu Luo Hong" means to use wine to drown one's sorrows. "Luo Hong" is the name of a kind of wine. "The boat with thousands of reed leaves" indicates that the poet is on a journey. One leaf of the boat passes through the heavy reed leaves and floats on the rivers and lakes. The deliciousness of wild cabbage and water shield soup only remains in the memory of the past. Looking up at the wild geese returning south, I have nothing to say because my career has been unsuccessful and my ambition has not been fulfilled. Looking northward at the Yellow River and Luoshui with drunken eyes, it is hard to see them. The regret that the great rivers and mountains cannot be restored can only be immersed in the sunset in front of me. "Sunset" is not only the scene before the poet's eyes, but also the symbol of the small dynasty of the Southern Song Dynasty. "Regret in the sunset" is such a sad and profound aphorism! Creation background Pingshan Hall in the northwest of Yangzhou was built by Ouyang Xiu when he was the magistrate here. When you climb up to the hall and look out into the distance, you can see the Jin, Jiao, and Beigu mountains in the south of the Yangtze River. They are as flat as the hall, so it is named "Pingshan". A century later, Fang Yue was in Pingshan Hall, overlooking the mountains and rivers, remembering the sages, and could not help but feel poetic thoughts. He wrote the song "Shui Diao Ge Tou" based on the rhyme of Su Dongpo's "Huangzhou Kuaizai Pavilion". Fang Yue (1199-1262) was a poet and lyricist of the Southern Song Dynasty. The name is Jushan and the name is Qiuya. A native of Qimen (now part of Anhui). In the fifth year of Shaoding (1232), he became a Jinshi and was awarded the title of Huaidong Appeasement Division Officer. In Chunzhong, Zhao Kui served as the counselor of the Huainan curtain with the official Langguan of the Ministry of Industry. Later, he was transferred to the Nankang Army. Later, he was transferred to Shaowu Army for offending Huguang Commander-in-Chief Jia Sidao. Later we learned that Yuanzhou was impeached and dismissed from office because he offended the powerful Ding Daquan. Later, he was appointed to Fuzhou again, but his appointment was canceled due to old suspicions with Jia Sidao.
Fang Yue Bee cannot understand people's suffering, and Yan'er cannot explain people's sorrows. It can be closer to the Qianlong Festival. Eyes filled with tears and crying with blood. Looking sadly at the dangerous fence, the red sun sets silently in the west. There is no book at the foot of the wild goose, and the ancient city is secluded. A journey of tobacco and a journey of sorrow. *** A song of flowers, the resentment is unbearable to listen to. The words of Lishan are half past midnight, and the rain and bells are filled with tears and no regrets. The east wind does not blow away sorrow, but the spring day can make people hate you for a long time. Withered poplars and withered poplars are born, and I live alone at seventy. Only the fire of wormwood and thorns burns, and I sit at night waiting for the morning in sorrow. The white hair is sad and the flowers are falling, the blue clouds are envious of birds flying. If you look closely, you can see that they are not Yanghua, but the tears of Li Ren. Thousands of years of loyalty and loyalty, the sun shines brightly. I feel sad after reading "Li Sao". The tears in my eyes never clear, and my eyebrows are filled with sorrow. The plum blossoms are falling in the evening breeze courtyard. The light clouds come and go and the moon is sparse. There is no reason for me to get drunk when my heart is broken. Before the wine arrives, I will burst into tears first.