Xue Jiang
Liutang Zongyuan
There are no birds in the mountains,
A thousand roads without footprints.
A boat, a bamboo cloak,
An old man was fishing in the cold river snow.
1. This is a poem written by Liu Zongyuan after he was demoted to Yongzhou. He used a fisherman fishing in the Han River to express his loneliness and depression. 2. absolutely: no, no. Man's Footprint: Man's Footprint. Extinction: disappear, gone. 3. There are no birds in the mountains: there are no birds in Wanling, Qian Shan. 4. Wandao: Virtual refers to Wandao. No one is there. 6. Loneliness: Loneliness. 7. Boat: A boat. 8. Dai Li: (Dai Li and Dai Li "Dai Li" refers to clothes used for rain protection in ancient times; "Dai" means a hat used to shelter from the rain in ancient times. ) Liu Zongyuan Jiang Xue cursive script post
Basic: There is no sign of birds on the surrounding mountains, and there is no sign of people on the path. Only in a boat on the river, there was an old man wearing hemp fiber and hat, fishing alone on the cold river. Sublimation: The surrounding mountains are undulating and empty, and there are no birds chirping and traces. There are no traces of people on all the paths that shuttle inside and outside Shan Ye. Only on the wide and calm river, an old fisherman wearing a hat sat alone in a lonely boat fishing. A brief analysis of Liu Zongyuan's landscape poems, most of which describe a relatively cold realm, in order to express his anguish and indignation of persecution and relegation. This poem depicts a fisherman fishing alone in a cold river, expressing the indomitable character of the poet Yongzhen despite his loneliness after the failure of innovation. The first two sentences "There are no birds in a hundred mountains and no footprints in a thousand paths" describe the snow scene, while "Qian Shan" and "Wanjing" are all exaggerations. There must be birds in the mountains and people on the road; But "birds fly away" and "people disappear" The poet used the scene of birds traveling far away to render a desolate and lonely realm. Although the word "snow" is not used directly, readers seem to see the overwhelming snow and feel the biting cold. This is a reflection of the bad political environment at that time. Three or four sentences "a boat, a bamboo cloak, an old man fishing in the cold river-snow" depict the image of a fisherman fishing alone in the cold river. In a place where there is heavy snow and almost no life, there is a lonely boat carrying a fisherman in hemp fiber and fishing alone on the snowy river. This fisherman's image is obviously a portrayal of the poet himself, which expresses the poet's lofty spirit of perseverance and integrity despite his loneliness after the failure of political reform.
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This poem was written during my life in Yongzhou. This is a rhyming five-character quatrain. At first glance, it looks like a landscape painting: there are no pedestrians and birds in the cold snowy river, only an old man is alone, fishing silently. However, if we carefully taste, this clean, quiet and cold picture symbolizes the independent, clean and lonely life realm of the world. First of all, it creates a rigorous and cold artistic realm. Literally, the phrase "a boat, a bamboo cloak" seems to be the focus of the author's description, occupying the main position of the picture. The fisherman sat alone in the boat, wearing a bamboo hat and fishing for a long time. The words "loneliness" and "independence" have shown that he is far away from the world, and even revealed his lofty and refined personality characteristics. The theme of the author's performance has been revealed here, but the author's interest is not enough, which carefully creates a vast expanse and silent artistic background for fishermen: the distant mountains stand tall and the trails are vertical and horizontal, but there are no birds in the mountains and the trails are nowhere to be found. Why is nature, which used to be boiling and noisy and full of vitality everywhere, so dead? A heavy snow swept through Qian Shan and covered the path. Birds can't fly, people can't. The cold brought by ice and snow has created a white and desolate world. This background strongly sets off the lonely and thin figure of the fisherman. How cold and lonely his mood should be at this moment! Here, the author describes the climate and scenery of fishermen when they fish by means of comparison and rendering. With a light pen, a light touch and a few words, it gives people a clean and cold lyrical atmosphere. His brushwork reaches the heavens and the earth, from the summit to the rivers, covering Wan Li. Shen Deqian commented that "clarity and preciseness have completely disappeared". Grain Rain said that "the snow scene is as good as it is now". What they mean is roughly the creation of the realm of this poem. Secondly, it vividly reflects the author's psychological state of being unwilling to yield and feeling lonely after being relegated to Yongzhou. Zheng Gu, who was later than Liu Zongyuan, once wrote Occasionally in the Snow: "The tea in the monk's house is wet and the wine in the karaoke room is weak. When the river came to Kanhua in the evening, the fisherman came back with a clean coat. " Even though he wrote a poem about a fisherman in the snow, his writing is very ordinary, but it lacks realm. The author did not integrate his subjective consciousness and distinctive personality, so Su Shi criticized him for "learning Chinese in the village" and praised Liu Zongyuan's last two sentences, saying, "Is there a gap in human nature?" Almost from heaven, out of reach! Su Shi's so-called "humanity" refers to the poet's emotional casting. The antonym of "there is a gap in human nature" is "there is no gap in human nature", which means that it has reached the highest realm of scene blending. We know that Liu Zongyuan was repeatedly denounced after the failure of "Yongzhen Innovation", but he always maintained a tenacious mental state. His "Eight Notes on Yongzhou" is about the scenery in the backcountry, with the theme as the main theme and deep placement. Every grass and tree shows his extremely lonely feelings. His lofty and refined personality is also displayed incisively and vividly. The fisherman in this poem is in a lonely and cold world, but he goes his own way and walks quietly in a lonely and deserted place. Isn't it admirable for its weather vane, its heroism and its unshakable mentality? Zhang, a contemporary poet of Liu Zongyuan, wrote "Fishing Songs", saying: "Egrets fly in front of Cisai Mountain, and peach blossoms are flowing and mandarin fish are fat. Green bamboo hat, green hemp fiber, oblique wind and drizzle don't have to go back. " When Zhang chose spring flowers, the picture was beautiful and quiet, revealing the ease and freedom of "smokers". Unlike Zhang, Liu Zongyuan is a politician who insists on justice and stands on the soil full of contradictions and struggles. When he was sent into the cold and cool winter, people's mood was not just addicted to mountains and rivers. He also wrote a solemn and austere side, and his personality was particularly prominent. Finally, the structure of this poem is exquisite. The title of this poem is Jiang Xue. But the author didn't get to the point when he wrote it. He first wrote about the quietness and sadness of Qian Shan Wanjing. Birds don't fly, pedestrians don't see. Then, with a change of pen, the image of a person fishing in a lonely boat was introduced. It is a positive question that the word "cold river snow" was not written until the end. Read the whole article again at the end. A feeling of being suddenly enlightened arises spontaneously. Vast sky, vast land, its distant scenery is very charming. The artistic conception of this poem is very particular, and the poet uses contrast and contrast: the vastness of Qianshan sets off the loneliness and smallness; The silence of bird extinction contrasts with the old man's interest in fishing; The silence of the picture sets off the surging emotions of the characters. The lonely and independent old man is actually a portrayal of the poet's mood. The scenery written in the poem is: peaks, no birds, no paths, and no human footprints. The whole land was covered with snow, and an old fisherman in hemp fiber and hat was fishing alone on the Han River. Look, what a vivid picture it is to fish alone in the cold river! What does this picture mean? As we all know, there will never be "pure" landscape poems or landscape paintings in works of art, in which there is always more or less relaxation and less expression of the author's feelings and realistic content. In fact, the best in landscape poetry, though full of flowers and birds, is full of mist, but every word must be like a scene, and the sound and taste are always sentimental. This poem is no exception. As long as you know Liu Zongyuan's life experience, you can see this.