Chang'e
Chang'e is the daughter of Emperor Ku, also known as Chang'e. Extraordinary beauty. The wife of Hou Yi. According to legend, Hou Yi was a marksman under Emperor Yao. "Huainanzi." It is said in "Lan Ming Xun" that Hou Yi invited the elixir of immortality from the Queen Mother of the West. Chang'e secretly took this elixir and became an immortal. She could not help but fly to the moon palace and live in the desolate moon palace. The endless years of loneliness.
After Chang'e ascended to the Moon Palace, she lived in the desolate and cold Guanghan Palace, missing Hou Yi. Her state of mind and life made many literati and poets sigh with emotion and daydream. Among them, the poem "Chang'e" written by Li Shangyin of the Tang Dynasty profoundly expresses her loneliness and regret:
The candle shadow on the mica screen is deep,
The long river is gradually setting and the dawn stars are sinking.
Chang'e should regret stealing the elixir,
The blue sea and blue sky make her heart happy every night.
The main idea is: "The screen made of mica is stained with a deep and dim candle shadow, the Milky Way is gradually lowering and falling, and the morning star has also set." Chang'e in Guanghan Palace must have regretted that she secretly took the elixir, and now she is alone in the blue sea and sky, feeling chilled every night. 』
Mid-Autumn Poems
Poets’ famous works:
There are countless ancient poems with the theme of “Moon”, among which Su Dongpo’s include:
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When will the bright moon appear? Asking the sky for wine,
I wonder what year it is in the palace in the sky?
I want to ride the wind back home, but I am afraid of the beautiful buildings and jade buildings.
It is so cold at high places. When I dance to clear my shadow, it doesn’t seem like I am in the human world.
Turning around the Zhu Pavilion, looking down at the door, the light is sleepless, there should be no hatred,
How can it be like looking round when we are apart, people have joys and sorrows,
The moon There are clouds and sunny days, and we have been in a dilemma since ancient times.
I hope that people will live long, and thousands of miles will lead to the beauty of the moon!
Su Dongpo's famous work "Song of the Water Melody" Bingchen's Mid-Autumn Festival and drunkenness This poem, “Concerning the Son,” has always been one of the best poems written about the Mid-Autumn Festival. The poet is expressing his nostalgia for his relatives, and it can also be said to be his best wishes to everyone in the world on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival.
Analysis:
This poem was written in the Mid-Autumn Festival in the ninth year of Xining, Shenzong of the Song Dynasty (1076). Su Shi was the governor of Mizhou (Cities in Shandong Province) at that time, and he had not seen his brother Su Che (Ziyou) for six or seven years. "Every festive season, I miss my family even more." The upper part expresses the feeling of Yue's life experience, and the lower part expresses the nostalgia for his brothers.
When she wrote this poem, it was when Su Shi was frustrated politically and suffered setbacks in his official career. However, she did not fall into a negative and pessimistic mood. Instead, she used optimistic thoughts to eliminate worries and express her love for human life.
Li Bai’s words:
The bright moonlight in front of the bed is suspected to be frost on the ground
Looking up at the bright moon and looking down at my hometown
This is Chinese It is the shortest, easiest to understand, and one of the most popular poems in the history of poetry. This poem is Li Bai's homesickness when he was wandering in a different place. Just twenty words. It seems clear and simple. However, the expression of emotions is full of twists and turns, ups and downs, profound meaning and artistic charm. Therefore, it has been widely circulated for thousands of years and is popular among children and adults alike. Li Bai regarded the moon as his companion and placed his affection on it. The word "suspicious" in the first two sentences expresses the poet's feelings of missing his hometown when he is a guest in a foreign place. A bed, a person, and a room itself express a kind of loneliness, but the moon quietly sheds its light on the bed. In the past, the whole house seemed more and more empty, quiet, and deserted, and people's hearts felt even more lonely and lonely. In such a mood, it was difficult to fall asleep. When I saw the moonlight in front of the bed, it was glowing white, and I felt suspicious. There is a layer of white frost, which is used as a metaphor for the moon. The word "suspicious" brings readers into the homesickness of the people of the time. When the poet took his thoughts back, he woke up from a dream and realized that the "frost" in front of him was actually "moonlight". This sentence is a wonderful pen, which makes the following sentence excessive. The third and fourth sentences immediately follow the previous sentence, implying meaning and touching things. The poet slowly raised his head along the moonlight. At this time, the bright moon was in the sky, and the silver light was shining everywhere. His homesickness could not be suppressed, and he was rolling in the waves of emotion. Bu Kon wrote this poem that has been handed down from generation to generation.
Mid-Autumn Gossip
Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. The Mid-Autumn Festival is named after it happens to be in the middle of the third autumn. Most families hope that people and the moon will be together during this festival, so it is also called the Reunion Festival. The Mid-Autumn Festival began in the Tang Dynasty and became known as the Mid-Autumn Festival in the Song Dynasty. Moon viewing and feasting were a grand event. "Book of Rites" records, "The emperor rises to the sun in spring, and the moon falls to the evening in autumn. When the sun rises to the sky, the moon sets to the evening." The "Xiyue" here means worshiping the moon. "Book of Rites of Zhou" states: "In the Mid-Spring, people beat earthen drums during the day and play Bin poems to counteract the heat; during the Mid-Autumn Festival, the same goes for welcoming the cold at night." This is the earliest theory of the origin of the Mid-Autumn Festival. The Mid-Autumn Festival is still a major festival widely celebrated by Chinese people. In ancient my country, the three months of each quarter in the lunar calendar were called Meng, Zhong, and Ji respectively. Because the fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar calendar falls in the middle of autumn, the fifteenth day of the eighth month is called "Mid-Autumn Festival" or "Zhongqiu".
In ancient times, it was customary to worship the sun in the morning on February 15th in spring and the moon in the evening on August 15th in autumn. It is said that "it should not be too late to worship the sun and the moon, and it is just the right time in mid-spring and mid-autumn." But before the Six Dynasties, It was not until the Tang Dynasty that people gradually paid more attention to the Mid-Autumn Festival, because there was a legend in the palace about Emperor Ming's visit to the Moon Palace on August 15th.
According to the "History of Tang Dynasty":
Tang Xuanzong, Shen Tianshi and Taoist priest Hongdu were looking at the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival. Suddenly Xuanzong thought of visiting the Moon Palace, so Tianshi did it, and the three of them walked up to the blue clouds and roamed around the Moon Palace. However, the palace is heavily guarded and cannot be entered. The only option is to overlook the imperial city of Chang'an from outside. On this occasion, I suddenly hear the sound of immortals, which is so beautiful and beautiful that it is moving and moving! Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty had always been familiar with the rhythm of music, so he memorized it in his heart. This is precisely why "this song should only be heard in heaven, and how many times can it be heard in the human world!" Later, Xuanzong recalled the music and singing of Xian'e in the Moon Palace, and composed and choreographed the music himself. This is the famous "Nitang Yuyi Song" in history.
The custom of eating mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival has been around since the Tang Dynasty. "Luozhong Seeing and Wedding" records that Emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty ate mooncakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival, which were extremely delicious. When he heard that Xinke was holding a banquet in Qujiang, he ordered the imperial kitchen to wrap mooncakes in red silk and give them to them. This is a record of the first sight of mooncakes. By the Song Dynasty, mooncakes had names such as "lotus leaf", "golden flower", and "hibiscus". Su Dongpo once praised mooncakes: "Small cakes are like chewing the moon, with crispy and malted sugar in the middle." The pastry is butter, and the glutinous rice is sweetened sugar. .
In the Yuan Dynasty, it is said that one time before the Mid-Autumn Festival, Zhang Shicheng, a man from Taizhou, secretly contacted each other and hid a note in a mooncake with the words "On August 15th, every family will start to destroy the Yuan Dynasty". , contact each other. On the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, after eating moon cakes, every family would seize kitchen knives and rebel against the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty. From then on, the practice of eating moon cakes became popular to commemorate this festival.
In the Ming Dynasty, the practice of worshiping the moon was very popular. Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty also sent officials to build the Xiyue Altar, which is now the Moon Altar Park in Beijing. This is a place where the imperial court specially worships the moon. The emperor must personally go to worship the "God of Night" every three years, and in other years he will send hundreds of civil and military officials to preside over the ceremony. At the same time, moon worship activities are also held in the Imperial Palace during the Mid-Autumn Festival.