"When the peach is young, its leaves are green, and the son will return home, which is suitable for his family."
Meaning: Thousands of peach blossoms are in full bloom, and the peach leaves are truly lush. This girl has been married and worked together to bring harmony to the family. Source: The Book of Songs·Guofeng·Zhou Nan [Pre-Qin Dynasty] "Peach Blossom" Original text:
The peach blossoms shine brightly. When the son returns home, it is suitable for his family.
The peaches are actually sweet. When the son returns home, it is suitable for his family.
The peach is young, its leaves are pure. When the son returns home, it will be a good time for his family. Translation:
Thousands of peach blossoms are in full bloom, with bright red colors like fire. This girl has been married before, and the couple is happy and harmonious.
Tens of thousands of peach blossoms are in full bloom, and the fruits are numerous and large. This girl was married and gave birth to a son early and had a prosperous heir.
Thousands of peach blossoms are in full bloom, and the peach leaves are truly lush. This girl has been married and worked together to bring harmony to the family. Notes:
Yaoyao: The appearance of flowers in full bloom, beautiful and prosperous.
Zhuanzhuan: The flowers are as colorful as fire, bright and bright. Hua: Same as "flower".
Son: This girl. Yu Gui: A woman gets married. In ancient times, the husband's home was regarded as a woman's destination, so it was called "return". Yu: Function words, no real meaning.
Suitable: docile and friendly.
衡(fén): The vegetation looks very strong. This refers to the plump and plump peach fruit. If there is 蕡, it means 蕡蕡.
蓁 (zhēn): The appearance of dense vegetation, here describes the lush peach leaves.
Appreciation:
This is a poem to congratulate a young girl on her marriage. According to the "Book of Rites of the Zhou Dynasty": "In mid-spring, the order gathers men and women." In the Zhou Dynasty, girls usually got married when the spring was bright and the peach blossoms were in full bloom, so the poet used the peach blossoms to cheer up and sang a hymn for the bride. Old theories such as "Mao Xu" and others thought it was related to concubines and kings, which is not accepted by modern people.
The whole poem is divided into three chapters.
The first chapter uses bright peach blossoms as a metaphor for the youth and charm of the bride. People often say: The first person who uses flowers to compare beauty is a genius, the second person who uses flowers to compare beauty is a mediocre person, and the third person who uses flowers to compare beauty is a fool. "The Book of Songs" is China's first collection of poetry, so it is not an exaggeration to say that it is the first place to use flowers to compare beauty. Since then, flowers, especially peach blossoms, have been used to compare beauties. For example, Ruan Ji of the Wei Dynasty wrote in "Yonghuai: Prosperous Sons of the Past": "The peach and plum blossoms are scorching with brilliance." Cui Hu of the Tang Dynasty wrote in "Ti Capital Nanzhuang": "On this day last year, in this door, people's faces and peach blossoms reflected each other's beauty." They all have their own characteristics, and naturally they cannot be dismissed as mediocre or idiots. However, they are all influenced by the poem "The Book of Songs", but the influence is greater or less. It's just clever. What is written here is that the fresh peach blossoms are blooming one after another, and the newlyweds who have been dressed up are both excited and shy at the moment, with flushed cheeks. It is really a human face with peach blossoms, and the charm of the two complements each other. The poem describes both scenes and people, and the scenes blend together to create a joyful and warm atmosphere. This kind of scene can still be seen at rural weddings even today.
The second chapter expresses wishes for marriage. After the peach blossoms bloom, they will naturally bear fruit. The poet said that its fruit is fat and big, which symbolizes that the bride will give birth to a son early and raise a fat and white baby.
The third chapter uses the lush peach leaves to wish the bride’s family prosperity. The abundant fruits on the branches of peach trees and the dense shade of peach branches' leaves are used to symbolize the happiness of the newlyweds' married life. It is really the most beautiful metaphor and the best praise. Zhu Xi's "Collected Poems" believes that each chapter uses "Xing", which is reasonable, but if you play with the poetic meaning, it is true that there is a comparison between Xing and Xing, and both Xing and Xing are used.
There are three chapters in the poem. Each chapter starts with peach, and then uses flowers, fruits, and leaves as metaphors. It is very layered: from the flower blooming to the fruit, and then from the fruit falling to the leaf blooming; The poetic meaning of the metaphor also gradually changes, adapting to the growth of the peach blossom, naturally becoming integrated into one.
After singing about the peach blossoms, the poet also expressed his congratulations in the spoken language of the time. The first chapter says: "When the son returns, it is suitable for his wife and family." In other words, this girl will get married and have a harmonious and beautiful family. Chapters 2 and 3 were changed to "family" and "family" because of the rhyme relationship. In fact, there is little difference in meaning. According to ancient rituals, men consider women as their wives, and women consider their men as their homes. Only the union of men and women forms a family. When a woman gets married, it is the beginning of a family. Zhu Xi's "Collected Poems" explains: "The word "appropriate" means harmony. The room refers to the place where the couple lives, and the family refers to the same family." In fact, it means that the newlyweds' small home is called the room, and they live together with their parents. For home. Now it is interpreted as family in modern terms, making it easier for general readers to understand.
The language of this article is extremely beautiful and concise. Not only did he cleverly change "Shijia" into various inversions and synonyms, but he also used the word "yi" repeatedly. The word "appropriate" reveals the beautiful character of the newlywed bride living in harmony with her family, and also writes that her beautiful character will inject fresh blood into the newly built family and bring a harmonious and happy atmosphere. This word "appropriate" is so powerful that no other word can replace it.
Some people have also put forward a new theory about the theme of the poem "Guofeng·Zhounan·Taoyao". They believe that this poem is the libretto of the ancestors when they performed ghost exorcism rituals, and its content is to drive away ghosts and gods. , bring it back to its home, and pray that it will bless your loved ones in the world. Creation background:
As for the background of this poem, the "Preface to Mao's Poems" believes that it is related to the concubine and the king. Fang Yurun refuted this view in "The Original Book of Songs" and believed that "these are all circuitous and difficult to understand, and are not enough to convey poetic meaning."
Modern scholars generally do not take the view of "Preface to Mao's Poems", but believe that it is a poem to congratulate a young girl on her marriage. Some people have also put forward a new theory, thinking that this poem is the libretto of the ancestors when they performed ghost exorcism rituals. Its content is to drive away ghosts and gods, bring them back to their homes, and pray for them to bless their loved ones in the world. Artistic features:
The first two sentences of each chapter are the inspirational sentences of the whole poem. They use the branches, flowers, leaves and fruits of the peach tree to compare the male and female in their prime years and get married in time. "The Book of Songs" by Yao Jiheng of the Qing Dynasty: "Peach blossoms are the most beautiful, so they are used to describe women, and they are the ancestors of beautiful women." This image was repeatedly used by later poets. The poem uses repeated verses and repeated praises, which are integrated with the atmosphere of the wedding and set off the happy life of the newlyweds. It not only reflects the style of the ballad, but also reflects the physical characteristics of the countryside. "Wenxin Diaolong": "So 'Zhuozhuo' looks like the freshness of peach blossoms, 'Yiyi' looks like willows, and 'Gaogao' looks like the sunrise..." In short, although this poem is not long, it has Its unique personality embodies the unique customs and customs of the ancestors' society, nourishing the literary creation of later generations.