At this moment, Ishihara is divided into two parts: the first half was carved by Qin Shihuang when he visited Mount Tai in 2 19 BC, with the words *** 144; The second half was engraved in the first year of Qin Ershi Hu Hai's accession to the throne (209 BC), with 78 words. The stone carving is wide and narrow on all sides, with 22 lines of lettering, each line is 12 words and ***222 words. Both inscriptions were written by Li Si. The only word left in Qin Ershi's imperial edict is 10, that is, "Please die when I am ill", also known as "Taishan Cross". According to the Records of Tai 'an County in the Eighth Year of Qing Daoguang (1828), in the fourth year of Song Zhenghe (114), he carved stones on the jade girl pool in Daiding, where he could read 146 words, and 76 words were erased. During the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, Xu, who was in Beijing, moved this stone to the East Palace of Yuan Jun Palace. At that time, there were only four lines and 29 words left in the imperial edict of II, that is, "I asked for the imperial edict because I understood that I asked for death." In the fifth year of Qianlong reign (1740), Bi Xia Temple was destroyed by fire and the stone carvings were lost.
In the 20th year of Jiaqing (18 15), Jiang Yinyinpei, an old man from Tai 'an, led Chai Langao, Yi Tong, to find two residual stones in the Jade Girl Pool on the top of the mountain, with the remaining word 10, so he embedded them in the wall of Dongyue Temple in Daiding. In the 12th year of Daoguang reign in Qing Dynasty (1832), the wall of Dongyue Temple collapsed, and Xu Zonggan, the magistrate of Taian County, "desperately searched for residual stones in the rubble", instructed Taoist Liu Chuanye to move the residual stones down the mountain and embed them in the monument wall of Daimiao Temple, and wrote a postscript to record the process. In the 16th year of Guangxu reign (1890), the stone was stolen. The county magistrate Mao took the stone to the North Gate Bridge for ten days, and then put it in the courtyard of Dai Temple. In the second year of Xuantong (19 10), Qing Yu Lan, a magistrate of a county, built a stone house in Yongting around Dai Temple, and embedded the carved stone of Qin Taishan, Xu Zonggan's postscript and his own preface ***3 stone in the stone house, surrounded by iron fences. 1928 moved to the East Throne of Daimiao, and built a portal tablet niche with the above three stones. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the front of the monument was protected by glass.
There are many rubbings of Taishan stone carvings in Qin Dynasty. Daimiao stele gallery displays two stone carvings, the 29-character Ming rubbings carved by Nie Jianguang in Qing Dynasty and the 29-character old rubbings carved by Xu Zonggan. 1987 Taian Museum copied the full text of Qin carved stone and stood in the back of Dai Temple.
Qinshan stone carvings have important artistic and historical values. Calligraphy is rigorous and vigorous, steady and peaceful; The glyph is fair and symmetrical, slender and beautiful; The lines are as round as iron, and the more round they are; Symmetrical structure, horizontal and vertical, clumsy outside and clever inside, suitable density. Yuan He praised and said, "The fist is as straight as a hairpin, and the bending iron is beautiful. The Millennium is thin and strong, and it is more stupid to look back at fat people. " "Dai Shi" said: "Although Qin has no way, his writing and calligraphy are unparalleled." Lu Xun thought that the stone carvings on Mount Tai in Qin were "qualitative and powerful, and actually originated from the inscriptions in Han and Jin Dynasties". At present, it is a first-class cultural relic collection.
Taishan rubbings are 29 characters, and 10 is common. The rubbings handed down from ancient times should be based on the rubbings of the Song Dynasty collected in Ming Dynasty in Anguo, Wuxi, with a total of 165 words. This collection was collected by Nakamura (1866) on July 1st, 15th year of Showa (1940). Another 53-word book was also copied by the famous works series of Japan, Shang Zhen Society of Shanghai Art Garden, Japanese Bookstore and Erxuan Society. Among the Qin stone carvings, only this one really has Langyatai stone carvings, and the rest are imitated by later generations.
Shi Guwen is the earliest stone carving discovered in Fengxiang, Shaanxi Province in the Tang Dynasty, and is known as the "ancestor of stone carving" in the world. Because these words are engraved on ten drum-shaped stones, they are called "Shi Guwen". This paper introduces the four-character poem 10 of the monarch of Qin State, also known as Hunting. Today, domestic archaeologists generally believe that it is a relic of Qin State during the Warring States Period. Shi Guwen's calligraphy is superior to the bronze inscriptions of the Western Zhou Dynasty, which inspired the seal script of the Qin Dynasty. In terms of calligraphy, Shi Guwen is superior to Qin Gonggui (bronze wares in the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period, with inscriptions covering ten lines and five elements, counting 12 1 word). His book is the predecessor of Shigu and Qin Zhuan, and its writing is generous. Every pen that is folded horizontally and vertically is contained in the circle, and the pen is drawn vertically at the turning point and gradually extended downward. Its potential is rough and clear, and it does have the powerful hegemonic momentum of the Qin Dynasty. ) rules, but more inclined to be square and rich, the beginning and end of the pen are Tibetan fronts, round and muddy, with long knots and moderate symmetry. The ancient Mao Xiongxiu is the crown of ancient and modern times. Shi Guwen is a master of seal script and the pioneer of Xiao seal script, which occupies an important position in the history of calligraphy. It is a transitional font that evolved from Da Zhuan to Xiao Zhuan, and has not yet been finalized. Shi Guwen was regarded as an important model of learning seal script by calligraphers of past dynasties, and was praised as "the first rule of calligraphers". Shi Guwen's influence on calligraphy reached its peak in the Qing Dynasty, such as the famous seal writers Yang Yisun and Wu Changshuo, who formed their own style mainly thanks to Shi Guwen.
Ten kinds of Shi Guwen rubbings collected by Anguo, a great collector in the Ming Dynasty, call themselves Ten Drums Zhai. Among them, the best is the extension of the Three Books of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the imitations of the three armies are named Pioneer, Zhongquan and Hou Li. This is the best rubbings with the largest number of preserved characters in the world. Now it has spread to Japan and is kept in Mitsui Memorial Art Museum in Tokyo. In the spring of 2006, three books came to China at the same time to participate in the Sino-Japanese Calligraphy Exhibition in Shanghai Museum.
The Palace Museum in Beijing is a Ming Dynasty rubbings, which is also very precious.
[products]
Yu: The shape of the pen is also infinite if it is vivid. If you are far away, the rainbow gentry will form a net, and if you are far away, you will be comfortable. (Shu Shu Fu)
Qing Kang Youwei: If Shi Guwen, gold cymbals fall to the ground, trees and grass are covered with clouds. I don't bother about the whole paragraph, I have my own unique talent. The body is slightly square and flat, and the insect gas is similar. The stone drum is not only the first antique in China, but also the first criterion for calligraphers. ("Guang Yi Zhou Shuang Tan")
Qing Kang Youwei: Zhong Ding and the word "play" are both between the length of the square, straight or oblique, each with its own shape, peculiar and vivid. The composition is also ups and downs, and the beauty of the stars has wonders.