When it comes to Romance of the Three Kingdoms, we must first make clear several basic versions: 1. Jiajing Renwu (1522) Romance of the Three Kingdoms in India. According to the novel bookstore, during the Jiajing period, both Duchayuan and Silijian were published. Both Zhou Hongzu's Engraving of Ancient and Modern Books in Ming Dynasty and Wang Xinfu's Documentary Lectures have recorded or mentioned the engraving of Du Tea Garden. According to the catalogue of ancient books compiled by the Edition Library of the State Publishing Bureau (1949./kloc-0-1976.12), the photocopy of Shanghai Hanfen Building (affiliated to the Commercial Press) 1929, and the People's Literature Publishing House according to Shanghai Library/kloc. 1974 10 People's Literature Publishing House photocopied a paper version (24 volumes in total), saying that it was photocopied according to the Shanghai Library 1522 (Jiajing Renwu), and the broken and illegible parts of the original version were supplemented with the corresponding page numbers in the same collection of Gansu Library. "2. In the 19th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty, there were 12 volumes and 240 pieces of Zhou Yue School's wanjuanlou block-printed edition" New Edition, Correction of Ancient Books and Interpretation of Popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms ". Recently, there is a photocopy of the popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms (ten thousand volumes) included in the Collection of Ancient Novels. It is generally believed that it inherited Jia Jingben and added 1 1 stories. However, according to the photocopy, it can be seen that the book engraving by Ming Bookstore is not accurate, and there are many fish in the sea. Sun Qingzeng's Notes of the Secretary talks about the inscriptions on books in the Ming Dynasty, saying that "only Guangdong, Zhejiang, Fujian and Jinling have the worst inscriptions. "Bookstores engrave books for profit, and few famous artists can master them. In the Qing Dynasty, Ye quoted "Copy the Original Book of Shubeitang" and said: "Ming people are used to being smart and confusing old chapters. It means that the book is engraved and the book is dead. "This statement is too harsh. However, from the records of the novel bookstore, we can see the romance of the Three Kingdoms and the records published by the Ming and Qing bookstores: in order to get a good price, change the title; The number of volumes in confusion, or 16 or 60, or 20 or 12, can be said to be inaccurate, but also for novelty. Of course, if there were no books carved by this workshop, scholars who are doing typology today would have nothing to rely on, which would breed speculation. 3. Li Zhi's Comments on Zhuowu (some people call it Ye Zhou's comments, which is not enough to prove it). According to the novel bookstore, Guanhuatang in Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty was engraved with 20 volumes of Comments on the Three Kingdoms by Mr. Li Zhuowu. In addition, Luo Zhenchang recorded 120 times of Li Zhuowu's criticism of The Romance of The Three Kingdoms, with the title "What You See from Good Books", which was published in the Green Shade Hall of Kangxi and Wu Jun. It is mentioned that "the writing is different from today. After the clouds opened, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty collapsed, and the general trend of the world was gone. In addition, Sun Kai's Bibliography of Popular Novels in China has the title "Tiandetang (Li Zhuowu Review)" and claims that Tiandetang is the name of the Ming Bookstore. No longer exists. See Japanese Bibliography on Board. 4. Maureen and Mao Zonggang commented on The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and Guanhuatang of Qing Shunzhi carved The First Book of the Three Kingdoms (60 volumes and 120 chapters). In addition, Taipei published the Bibliography of Rare Books of the National Central Library, which recorded the first gifted scholar book of Guanhuatang 19. The History of the Three Kingdoms (Upper, Middle and Lower) published by Zhonghua Book Company in May 1950[ Ming] by Luo Guanzhong; Mao Zonggang commented that this book was originally printed by Huatang. In addition, Zhang Yanqi of Beijing Library Press, 2000, collated The Romance of the Three Kingdoms (a rare edition of Xiu Xiang) according to the annotation of Mao Zonggang's Preface to Maoyuan in Yin Shi of the Republic of China. In addition, there have been many discussions in recent years, such as: The Engraved Edition of Shuangfengtang by Yu Xiangdou (Wen Tai) in Jianyang, Ming Dynasty, that is, the 20 volumes of The New Engraved Edition, Zi Zhi Tong Jian, Three Kingdoms, which was engraved in the 20th year of Wanli; There is a recorded article in Liu Cunren's Bibliographic Summary of China's Novels Seen in London. In the third year of the Ming Dynasty (1623), Huang Zhengfu carved 20 volumes and 240 paragraphs of The Three Kingdoms in Zhicheng and Min. According to the title of Sun Kai's Bibliography of Popular Novels in China: Up and Down. There is a horizontal line title on the picture. Half a page 15 lines, with 34 words in the big line and 26 words in the small line. Hidden in Beijing Library. Bo Gu, a mountain man, was born in the first month of Guihai, and his surname is Yun Yun. It is generally believed that from Jiajing edition to Maoben, it experienced Zhou Yue's school-based edition and Li Zhuowu's edition. The following are some similarities and differences between "Jiajing Edition" and "Mao Edition", and talk about my humble opinion on these two editions. The difference between the two versions, except the reply, is discussed by Mao Zonggang in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Lu Xun's A Brief History of Chinese Novels also talks about the difference between Mao Zonggang's revised version and Jiajing's version: "Any revised version can be seen from its order. If you give a happy ending, you will change it. For example, in the old version of 159, Cao Hou helped his brother denounce the skin, while Mao Ben helped Han denounce the skin. The second is Yue Zeng, for example, Chapter 167 of My Lord's Night Travel City was not involved by Mrs. Sun, but Mao Ben said, "My wife was defeated in Xiaoting, and it was rumored that my Lord died in the army, so he drove his troops to the river, looked west and cried, and died by throwing himself into the river" three times, for example, the 25th edition of Kongming's Burning Muka Village. His son still blames him, but he has nothing. The rest of the sections, first, correct, second, delete praise, fourth, add and delete trivial matters, fifth, change poetry. "Changes, additions and deletions are very obvious in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and there are many articles on it. In addition to what Mr. Lu Xun mentioned, there are biographies of Liu Bei, Cao Cao and other figures (Jia Jingben and Mao Ben are both in the Three Kingdoms, but the choices are different. ), childhood boiled wine on heroes, White Gate Tower Cao Cao beheaded Chen Gong, and so on. First of all, the opening "Mao Ben" has a long history: "It is said that the general trend of the world will be combined for a long time, and it will be combined for a long time. At the weekend, the seven countries divided and ruled and merged into the state of Qin. After the Qin Dynasty was destroyed, Chu and Han contended and merged into Han. In the Han Dynasty, the story of the White Snake rebelled by Emperor Gaozu and unified the whole country. Later, Wushu flourished and spread to Xian Di, where it was divided into three countries. The reason for the confusion almost began with the two emperors, Huan and Ling. Emperor Huan imprisoned good people and trusted eunuchs. When Emperor Huan collapsed, Emperor Ling ascended the throne, assisted by General Dou Wu and Chen Fan, a teacher. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… The opening of Mao Ben seems to be deleted and polished from the Pinghua of the Three Kingdoms, rather than added directly from Li Zhuowu Ben (or Jiajing Ben). The word "Mao Ben" has always been regarded as a symbol of narrative culture in China's novels. Accordingly, people say that the narration of China's novels must start from the source, and China has a tradition of narrating the past. What's more, it is a bit confusing to directly describe it as Luo Guanzhong's narrative thinking.
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In terms of diction, Zhuge Liang said that when Zhou Yu arrived in Cao, he used Cao Jian's "stage fu". Jiajing book "The Second Bridge" is in the southeast, if it is in the sky? Hey. "Mao Ben wrote," Kongming immediately recited the "Bronze Quetai Fu" cloud:' ... Er Qiao in the southeast, and * * *, happy. "There are two problems here: First, the references in Zhao Youwen's Notes on Cao Zhi's Fu on the Stage and Pei Songzhi's Notes on the Three Kingdoms are different from this article. Second, people talk about it more. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, Battle of Red Cliffs was born in the 13th year of Jian 'an, and Tongque (Juetai) was born in the 15th year of Jian 'an. Cao Zhi's Ode to the Stage (according to Cao Pi's Preface to the Ode to the Stage) was written in the spring of the seventeenth year of Jian 'an. How did Zhuge know when he was in Longzhong? Click here: the word "Joe" was originally called "bridge"; ? Yi, Dong and Hong. Zhu's Dream Fairy Tales: Sunny weather is a blue ladder. " It is also a metaphor for an arch bridge. Zhang Kejiu's "Pu Letian" song: "Green Bridge? Hey. " After the change, the language is more straightforward and can be understood by ordinary people. Otherwise, you really can't see why Zhou Yu was angry with Jia Jing Ben. Heroes in Jiangdong become so stingy when they meet Zhuge Liang. No wonder they burst with anger and died young. There are many beautiful things after changing the word. There are also some places that have changed too much, such as the incident of "Zhuge died of Zhong Dasheng". Mao Ben describes Sima Yi's sudden escape after seeing Zhuge's idol. "Yi touched her head with her hand and said,' Do I have a head?' "(not seen in Jiajing Ben) Seeing Sima's face, all of them burst into tears and smiled, which can also alleviate the sadness of readers after the death of Wuhou. But think about how Zhong Da lost his general demeanor. When Cao Cao fled, he got a taste of Zhuge Zhou Yu-"San Xiao". Although he is in a mess, he does not lose his manners. When Cao Cao was in the later Han Dynasty, he always regarded himself as an elder, which confirmed the saying that "children are like Sun Zhongmou". There are many other places to distinguish, because there is nothing new in the discussion of various schools, so I gave up. In recent years, "Huang Zhengfu Edition" has been raised to a very high position. Mr. Zhang argued with other scholars with his own views, and Mr. Wang, Mr. Wang and Mr. Du Guichen also responded. 200 1 Mr. Zhang also published a review of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. In fact, there is no conclusion. Knowledge is not white, but scholars are opinionated and opportunistic, which makes later scholars at a loss. Lao Tzu said, "It is better to keep the middle than to talk too much and count too few. "Don't dare to talk nonsense about the knowledge of predecessors, just as a warning.