Do you know the story of Plato? !

Plato was born in 427 BC (the first year of the 88th Olympic Games), with a distinguished family background. This year was the fourth year after the outbreak of the Peloponnesian War and the second year after Pericles's death. Socrates was 42 years old (gorgias, a Sicilian Leontini, came to Athens for help and told Syracuse to invade his state). In 423 BC, 4-year-old aristophanes's Cloud was staged, and Socrates was present to watch. He appeared on the spot with a cold attitude. 42 BC1year 6 years old, which is said to be the time (or time) when the Republic occurred. At the age of seven in 420 BC, he entered Dionysus School and began to read and listen to Homer's poems. At the age of 1 1 BC, protagoras was accused by a gathering of 400 people, which made people disbelieve. He escaped from Athens and was killed on his way to Sicily (Anaxagoras, Pythagoras and Heraclitus were all former philosophers who were persecuted or expelled, executed or voluntarily exiled). In 409-404 BC, it was estimated that cavalry was on duty, and it was said that he had participated in three battles. In 408 BC, gorgias delivered a speech at the 93rd Olympia Games, calling on Athens and Sparta to unite against Persia. In 407 BC, at the age of 20, he studied with Socrates and had previously studied Heraclitus philosophy with Kratylos. Learn parmenides's philosophy from Hermes. It is said that I tried to write a play for Socrates, but it was rejected. In 405 BC, Syracuse Dionysus overthrew democracy and established a tyrant regime. At the age of 23 in 404 BC, the Peloponnesian War ended, and Athens was 30 tyrants. Plato wanted to go into politics, but he was disappointed. At the age of 28 in 399 BC, Socrates was tried (Plato was present) and executed. Plato was present at the trial and died of illness (too sad? )。 Second, study tour 12 In 398 BC, Plato and other Socrates' disciples left Athens, took refuge in other places, and went to Sicily, Italy and Egypt. He was 35 years old in 392 BC. Before and after this, he wrote early dialogues: Complaint, Clayton, Yusuf Fallon, Rasis, Lucius and Tchami Diss. Isocratus opened a school in Athens to teach public speaking. The visit in 390 BC: the political power held by Pythagoras school, etc. In 388 BC, he visited Dionysus I, the ancient wine god of Syracuse, met Dion, his brother-in-law (son-in-law), who was 20 years old at that time, and became close friends (in the meantime, it is said that he offended the tyrant, was sold as a slave, and was redeemed by Anne Sherris). Third, at the age of 40 in 387 BC, he returned to Athens to give lectures in person, or set up an academy in this year and wrote dialogues before and after: protagoras, MINO and eustace. Mid-term works: The Republic, Drinking, Fidel, Fedo and other most dramatic dialogues. In 385 BC (see Chen Biao: the case of Socrates was rehabilitated: the accused was sentenced to death and a statue of Socrates was erected, but it was not necessarily true. Tao Xingzhi 1938 visited the Stone Prison in Athens, sat for five minutes to show his admiration, and wrote a poem "Why is this old man in prison?" Happy to tell the truth, dummies are troubled, "Du Ru's series and Ye Xiushan's articles all talked about this). In 384 BC, 43-year-old Aristotle was born and Demosthenes was born. Around 380 BC, an academy was established in the pottery area in the northwest suburb of Athens. "Scholars who don't understand geometry entered this door. Gorgias died in 376 BC. In 37 1 BC, Thebes army defeated Sparta under the command of Epaminondas. Democritus died in 370 BC. It is said that Plato tried to buy his books and set them on fire. Fourth, the last political attempt, speech and writing in his later years: 20 years (or it can be divided into two sections: politics and writing). At the age of 60 in 367 BC, he handed over the academy to Auddock Suo and came to Syracuse for the second time with his disciples and friends. After Dionysus's death, when Dion was regent, Plato was already a household name in Greece, and Aristotle came to Athens to study (it is said that Aristotle was the only one who listened). At the age of 64 in 363 BC, he went to Syracuse for the third time, was detained and deported. In 357 BC, at the age of 70, he gave up political activities and concentrated on writing. His later works include: The Wise Man, The Politician, Philip and Timio. Alexander the Great was born in 356 BC. In 348 BC, his last work was Law and Epinem's sequel, and he died at the beginning. In the spring of 347 BC (March? ) After his death, the testamentary property will be used as a school building, and it is not allowed to be sold or transferred. Leave four slaves and release one slave, with little property. In 344-343 BC, Dionysus II was finally overthrown and Aristotle became Alexander's teacher. Comparison of Confucius (55 1-479): 15-30 years old, junior official, "work-study program" period: 15, 30-50 years old, devoted to the semester, giving lectures at the age of 34: 20 years 51-50. Collating ancient books in his later years: Plato and Aristotle were the most influential ancient Greek philosophers in five years, among which Plato had a great influence on later generations. Plato wrote a book in the mouth of his teacher Socrates, saying that when the mind abandons the body and yearns for truth, then thought is the best. When the soul is infected by the sins of the body, people's desire for truth will not be satisfied. In Europe, there has long been Platonic love called "spiritual love" by China people. This kind of love thinks that the combination of flesh is impure and dirty, and that love and lust are two opposite States. Therefore, when a person is really in love, it is impossible to think of physical union with the object he loves. In today's people's eyes, Plato's view of love is incredible. On the other hand, an American scholar put forward a new view on Plato's love as understood by modern people. Ella Rice, president of the American East-West Social Society and author of American Family System, believes that the spiritual love advocated by Plato actually refers to a kind of love between the same sex, that is, "homosexuality"! The ancient Greeks believed that the process of homosexuality was more of a spiritual communication, a spiritual communication than a physical communication. In the ancient Greek society where women received little education, it was difficult for men to find spiritual opponents from women. This is why Plato emphasized the love between people. Plato firmly believes that "true" love is a persistent emotion, only time is the touchstone of love, and only extraordinary love can stand the test of time. American sociologists have different opinions about whether Platonic love is pure love with only spiritual intercourse or elegant love with physical intercourse but emphasizing spiritual intercourse. But one thing is certain, that is, Plato believed that love can sublimate people. He said that for a person who lives a noble life, it is not blood, honor and wealth that guide his behavior, but love. There is no emotion in the world so deeply rooted in people's hearts as love. A person in love will not be as pale as his lover if he acts disgracefully and is seen by his father, friends or anyone else. Platonic love, named after Plato, a western philosopher, is a kind of spiritual love between the opposite sex, which pursues spiritual communication and rejects sensuality. It was first put forward by Marsilio Ficino in15th century. As a synonym of Socrates' love, it is used to refer to the love relationship between Socrates and students. Plato believes that when the mind abandons the body and yearns for the truth, then thought is the best. When the soul is infected by the sins of the body, people's desire for truth will not be satisfied. When human beings have no strong demand for sensuality, their mood is peaceful. Carnal desire is the expression of animal nature in human nature, and it is also the nature of every creature. People are so-called higher animals because human nature is stronger than animal nature. Spiritual communication is beautiful and moral. Platonic love has the following meanings: 1 Ideal view of love (metaphor for extremely romantic or impossible view of love) II. Pure spiritual love, not physical love. Love concept of equality between men and women 4. There is only one person in this world, and she (he) and you (you) are perfect. In other words, everyone has his perfect partner, and there is only one. The first meaning is the most commonly used, but it is actually a misunderstanding. But since everyone uses it this way, it's another meaning. This misunderstanding comes from Plato's masterpiece The Republic. This book discusses how to build an ideal country, because it may be too idealistic to be realized, so some people use it to explain what Platonic love is. The second meaning is often used, but it is basically a misunderstanding. This misunderstanding comes from Plato's metaphysics. He thinks that what we think is real, and what we see is not real. The third and fourth meanings are really Plato's view of love or gender. Plato believes that people are in the most real conceptual world before and after death. In this world, everyone is a complete man and woman, and in this world, we are all divided into two. So people always feel that if they lose something, they will try to find their own "other half" (this word also comes from Plato's theory). Plato also used this to explain why people have "relationships". In his theory, no half is more important, so men and women are equal. Moreover, the original half of you in the conceptual world is the perfect object for you. He/she is somewhere in the world looking for you/you.