Qianling?Mausoleum
The dry tombs of Tang Gaozong and Wu Zetian developed and perfected the shape of Zhaoling. The cemetery is modeled after Chang 'an, Tang Dou, and is divided into Imperial City, Miyagi City and Outer Guo Cheng. The north-south main axis is 4.9 kilometers long. According to the literature, there are two original city walls in the "Eight Miles a Week" of Ganling, and four gates in the inner city, namely, Dongqinglongmen, Nanzhuquemen, Xibaihumen and Beixuanwumen. According to the investigation by archaeologists, the inner city of the cemetery is square, with a length of 1450m from north to south, 1582m from east wall and 1438m from west wall, with a total area of about 2.3 million square meters. There are many magnificent buildings in the city, such as 60 courtiers, such as the memorial hall, wing, cloister, Quelou and Di Renjie, as well as the ancestral temple and Xiagong. After the "An Shi Rebellion", Ganling experienced the vicissitudes of 1300 years, and the Li Hong building on the ground of Ganling has disappeared. According to Tang Yao Hui, in the 14th year of Zhenyuan (798), when Ganling was rebuilt, a total of 378 houses were built. Since then, 120 pieces of exquisite large-scale stone carvings have become a true portrayal of the vigorous development of the society in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, making people feel the spiritual outlook of the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Starting from the natural shuangque, the second peak in the south of Liangshan, it is arranged symmetrically to the north in turn. The top spot is 1 pair of octagonal Chinese watches, which are more than 8 meters high. This is the symbol of the imperial mausoleum, and its shape shows the concept of eternal life and the worship of ancient ancestors for human reproductive behavior. Then 1 pair of magnificent stone-winged horses with their heads held high.
Cirrus clouds are carved on the wings of the horse, which seems to have the potential to take off. To the north of Yima are 1 pairs of beautiful high-relief ostriches, symbolizing the cultural exchanges and friendly exchanges between the Tang Dynasty and the people of the western regions. Next to the ostrich are five pairs of stone war horses with riders and 10 pairs of stone Weng Zhong (or General Naoko) about 4 meters high. According to legend, the general who guarded Lintao in Qin Dynasty was Ruan, a mighty Man Zi. Weng Zhong, the tree of Qin Shihuang, stands outside Sima Gate of Xianyang Palace. Later emperors guarded the cemetery with Weng Zhong stone statues.
There are two stone tablets in the north of Weng Zhong, and one in the west is Tang Gaozong's gold-lettered tablet "Xu Shengji", which was erected by Wu Zetian to praise Emperor Gaozong. The monument is 6.30m high and1.86m wide. The inscription is about 5,600 words, written by Wu Zetian and Li Dan. The first one was filled with gold chips, and the gold marks of some words still exist today.
On the east side is Wu Zetian's wordless tablet, which is 7.53m high, 2. 1 m wide, 0/0/.49m thick and weighs about 98.8 tons. The tablet is engraved with eight intertwined dragons, four on the left and four on the right. The monument is carved from a complete boulder, and the carved height of the lines on both sides is 4.12m. "Lion Horse Map" is carved on the front of the monument, with a length of 2. 14m and a width of 0.66m The whole wordless monument is tall and majestic, beautifully carved, and it is a giant in China's inscriptions. The tablet without words was built in the Tang Dynasty, but it did not name the Tang people, leaving many mysteries to be solved. There are mainly "theory of virtue and greatness" and "legacy". "Virtue and greatness" is that Wu Zetian thinks she is a married emperor, which is difficult to express in words, so she only set up a white monument; "Last words" refers to Wu Zetian's last words: "Leave your merits and demerits to future generations to comment on", so it is not a sentence.