The knowledge of philology is helpful to improve and transform words and create words for languages without words; Understanding ancient Chinese characters is helpful to the study of historical science.
Chinese characters in our country have a long history and complex structure, so philology, as a pioneering discipline to study all history and culture, is particularly developed in our country. In our country, the generalized philology, which comprehensively studies the sound, form and meaning of words, was called primary school in ancient times. That is, besides words, it also includes the study of phonology and exegesis. Ancient philology is a discipline that studies ancient characters, and it is a marginal discipline of linguistics, history and archaeology.
Extension: Modern scholars in Qing Dynasty not only studied the seal script of Shuowen, but also paid attention to official script and cursive script. For example, Gu Aiji has Li Bian, Zhai has Li Pian, Shi has Cao, etc., all of which belong to the nature of dictionaries. However, since the Qianlong and Jiaqing periods, epigraphy has flourished. The official editions of Xiqing Ancient Mirror and Ningshou Ancient Mirror in Qing Dynasty recorded the Zhongding Yi wares hidden in the palace, but the folk ancient wares were constantly unearthed. Collectors not only copied them as catalogues, but also studied the inscriptions on utensils, and great progress was made in ancient philology. The main research objects are bronze inscriptions, Shi Guwen, ancient seals and ancient Wen Tao. During Guangxu period, Wu Dayou wrote Zi Shuo and put forward some new textual interpretations. He also wrote Shuo Wen Wen Gu Shu Bu, and collected all kinds of materials of ancient Chinese characters to supplement Shuo Wen, which provided convenience for the comparative study of ancient Chinese characters in Shuo Wen Shu Zhuan.
/kloc-from the middle of 0/8th century to the middle of 0/9th century,100th century, the collection of bronze inscriptions, after Ruan Yuan's Collection of Zhong Ding Yi in Guzhai, Wu Shifen? (1796 ~ 1856), Wu Rongguang (1773 ~ 1843), Fang (? ~ 1899), description and textual research of Yi inscriptions, etc. In terms of catalogue, there are Wu Dayou's Hengbian and Liu Xihai's Changgu Bian. There are many categories and they are very popular. On the study of characters, such as Liu Xinyuan's Ancient Essays, Sun Yirang's Ancient Essays, Lin Shu and Yu Lun's Ancient Essays, etc. , have made inventions in the study of bronze inscriptions, and Sun Yirang's radical analysis method is particularly important.
In modern times, collectors of ancient cultural relics pay more attention to reproduction, expansion and printing. Luo Zhenyu spared no effort in photocopying inscriptions, including Yin Wencun and Three Generations of Ji Jin Wencun, which are very rich in content and provide great convenience for studying inscriptions. Wang Guowei also wrote "Description Table of Bronze Inscriptions", which indicated all Zhong Ding Yi wares recorded by predecessors. Scholars can also follow the map and inspect the original works.
The discovery of Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang Dynasty aroused great interest of ancient philologists. Since the discovery of Oracle Bone Inscriptions in the Yin Ruins in Anyang in the 25th year of Guangxu reign (1899), ancient philology has entered a new era. Wang He and Liu E first collected Oracle bones. Liu E also printed the book "Hidden Tortoise in the Iron Cloud", which greatly surprised scholars. Sun Yirang got to know Oracle Bone Inscriptions, wrote Wen Qi as an example, and later wrote Mingyuan, which made him know more about the development of Chinese characters.
Later, more and more Oracle Bone Inscriptions were unearthed. Luo Zhenyu collated the books collected over the years into Shu Zheng of Yin Ruins, and made textual research on Shu Zheng of Yin Shang Town Department and Shu Zheng of Yin Ruins. Wang Guowei made textual research on Yin Xuqi of Jianshoutang, and made textual research on the predecessors of Shang Dynasty according to Oracle Bone Inscriptions, with many achievements. After Luo and Wang, there were Dong Zuobin, Guo Moruo,,,, Chen,, and other famous ancient philologists. Among these people, Rong Geng has a collection of golden works and Sun Haibo has a collection of Oracle Bone Inscriptions, all of which are arranged according to Shuowen, which is tantamount to an inscription dictionary and an Oracle dictionary. Dong Zuobin was once engaged in the excavation of Yin Ruins in Anyang, and he first proposed the study of Oracle Bone Inscriptions dating, and wrote Li Yinpu. Chen Zhu has a book "Summary of Yin Deficiency Syndrome in Oracle Bone Inscriptions", which gives a comprehensive explanation of Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Guo Moruo and He Yu wrote a lot, and made their own inventions in the textual research of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and He, with remarkable achievements. Tang Lan has made great achievements in the theory and research methods of philology. Tang Lan's literary characters broke the six-book theory, but advocated the three-book theory, that is, pictograph, image, meaning and sound, and all the characters were covered by the three books, which is a new viewpoint.
Nowadays, the study of ancient Chinese characters is booming. Oracle Bone Inscriptions and inscriptions on bronze have books collected together, such as Oracle Bone Inscriptions's collection, and the integration of Yinzhou and inscriptions on bronze provides convenience for researchers. In recent years, more and more cultural relics have been unearthed. Bronzes, pottery and coins in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, bamboo slips and wooden slips in the Qin and Han Dynasties, and silk books in the Han Dynasty are all research materials, and the study of ancient Chinese characters will certainly have greater development.