Du Mu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem "Qingming Festival": "There are many rains during Qingming Festival, and pedestrians on the road want to lose their souls. Asked where the restaurant is, the shepherd boy pointed to Xinghua Village. " This poem is very popular and has been praised all the time. However, there are different opinions about where the "Xinghua Village" in the poem is, or in Fenyang, Shanxi, or Huangzhou, Hubei, or Guichi, Anhui. So, where is the Xinghua Village referred to in Du Mu's Qingming today?
The first statement is: Xinghua Village, Fenyang City, Shanxi Province. As early as 1500 years ago, during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Xinghua Village wine here was famous all over the country. Moreover, Xinghua Village in past dynasties is famous for its wine-making and wine culture. During the prosperous Tang Dynasty, it became the ancient capital of wine culture with "Xinghua Village wine like a spring" and "green curtains all over the street". Famous scholars in China history, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Song Yanqing, Gu, Fu Shan, Ba Jin and Guo Moruo. Write hymns. Li Zicheng passed by Xinghua Village on Beijing Road and stayed for three days, leaving a "perfect" plaque. Xinghua Village was once renamed "Perfect Village".
Although some people think that the poem "It rains in Qingming Festival" describes the spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, the spring in Shanxi in the Tang Dynasty is also full of spring rain. In fact, there are many poems describing spring in Shanxi and the north in Tang poetry. A famous talented woman in the Tang Dynasty said in the poem "To Liu Shangshu": "In March, it rained in Fenchuan, and golden water blossomed in spring." Du Liang said in the Qingming Banquet Tour: "It rained heavily in Mao Mao and the spring breeze was late." Yao He has a poem: "A generation of Malone is mixed, and the Fenhe River is dark." "The golden leaves rain early and the Fenhe River is clear." But Shanxi
The second statement is next to the pavilion of the ancient town of Macheng County, Huangzhou, Hubei Province. Located on the main road from Luoyang to Huangzhou, the pavilion is an ancient city since the Southern Dynasties. Qiting, an ancient town, has always been a place where politics, economy and culture are concentrated. Now it still guards the Hanma Highway, at the junction of Macheng, Xinzhou, Huangpi and Hongan counties. It also includes: Xinghua Village is located in the north five miles of Qiting Town. It is natural for Du Mu to write this poem, because it is a traffic artery.
Has Du Mu been here? There are poems to prove it. "Bow-bows fight for mankind, and once they were strong and thrush in their dreams. A few times, I also pointed out that the cloud wished to abolish the name. " This is a poem written by Du Mu for Mulan Temple when he climbed Mulan Mountain as the secretariat of Huangzhou. Du Mu must go through Xinghua Village from Huangzhou to Mulan Mountain. Du Mu was caught in the rain during the Qingming Festival and wanted to drown his sorrows by drinking. In Song Dynasty, Su Shi moved to Huangzhou, passing by, and met his old friend Chen Jichang who lived in seclusion in Xinghua Village.
As for the "restaurant" in Xinghua Village, there is a saying circulating here: "Li Santao Flower Shop, Li Si Xinghua Village, there is wine at the head of the village, and there is beauty in the shop." According to the records of Huangzhou Prefecture, the wine here is a very distinctive "water wine". "If it is brewed with glutinous rice, its qu has no meat, so it tastes the most mellow. Lu Jing, I put it in a porcelain jar and sealed it. It turns yellow after years and tastes delicious. " This wine-making method has been passed down to this day and is a unique wine in Macheng. According to Mulan Temple, about two or three years after Du Mu arrived in Xinghua Village, Xie Wuyi, a poet of the Song Dynasty, also passed by here and wrote the poem "Preface of Macheng County" on the wall of Xinghua Village: "The flag of Xinghua Village is windy, heavy in smoke, soluble in water and thick in willow shade."
The third argument is Xinghua Village in Guichi, Anhui Province. Some scholars believe that Fenyang in Shanxi belongs to North China, and the "clear and rainy" in the poem is a rainy phenomenon in the south of the Yangtze River, not the climate in the area north of the Yellow River. This is the most important point. Since the beginning of spring, the days in the northern hemisphere have become longer and longer, and the heating mass in the south has gradually moved northward. Around Tomb-Sweeping Day in April of the solar calendar, it just moved to the south of the mainland and met the cold air mass in the north, which led to the continuous spring rain in this period. But in the north, Tomb-Sweeping Day is still dry and cold, and there will be no "abundant rain".
Not only that, Guichi Xinghua Village has been confirmed by a large number of ancient books. Notes on Fu Zhai, two volumes of Jiangchengzi in the 24th year of Ming Jiajing, forty-three years of Qing Qianlong, two volumes of Jiangnan Tongzhi in Guangxu, and the printed version of Chizhou Fuzhi in the 24th year of Qing Kangxi.
Has Du Mu been here? According to Guichi County Records, during the four years in Huichang, Tang Wuzong, the war in Niu Li was fierce, and Du Mu also suffered greatly. From Huangzhou to Chizhou, the official career is not satisfactory. With his personality, in his spare time, he will inevitably go to the shops outside the city to have a few drinks and drown his sorrows.
The auction loan was exposed by the financial magic mirror, and the dispute over the location of "Xinghua Village" intensified. Perhaps the "apricot blossom village" referred to by the "shepherd boy" in pastoral poetry is not necessarily the real village name, nor does it necessarily refer to the hotel, but only the village in the depths of apricot blossom referred to by the "shepherd boy".