1. In medieval Europe, the trade center was concentrated on the Mediterranean coast, and Italy was the first to produce the seeds of capitalism. The bourgeoisie hopes to break through the shackles of church theology. -providing a material basis.
2. Italy has a large number of ancient Greek and Roman cultural classics. The Middle Ages in Western Europe was a special "dark age". Christian church became the spiritual pillar of feudal society at that time. It established a strict hierarchy and regarded God as absolute authority. The church strictly controls people's thoughts and arouses the dissatisfaction of the bourgeoisie and the common people. -is the direct cause.