1. Zheng Chenggong and Ishii Zhengshi
07/08/2004/12:42 China Jingwei Network
Ishijing in Nan'an is the hometown of the national hero Zheng Chenggong. It is the place where his ancestors have lived for generations, where his clan and the rural coastal areas depend on for their livelihood. It is also the ancestral place where his family was born. According to historical records, Zheng Chenggong was the twelfth grandson of the Zheng family in Ishijing, Nan'an. It is undoubtedly necessary to explore the ancestral origins of Zheng Chenggong and the Ishii Zheng family and understand the current overview of the Ishii Zheng family. ? Studying Zheng Chenggong’s family background mainly relies on a large number of historical materials, inscriptions and other cultural relics. Family genealogy books are very precious information. Among the surviving genealogies of Zheng Chenggong and his family, the main ones include: "Zheng Family Genealogy", "Zheng Family Genealogy" and "Taiwan Literature Series" collected by the Museum of Chinese History. The collected "Ishiimoto Genealogy" and so on; recently, the author conducted an in-depth interview in Ishii and learned that the Ishii Zheng clan still has many kinds of clan genealogy books. ?
The "Zheng Family Genealogy" in the collection of the China History Museum was rebuilt by Zheng Yuhai, a descendant of Zheng Chenggong, and his sons Zheng Yi and Zheng Ze on December 14, 1920. It has been more than 80 years ago. According to the genealogy records: Zheng Chenggong is the twelfth generation of the Zheng family of Ishii, and Zheng Yuhai is the twentieth generation. It can be seen that Zheng Yuhai is the eighth grandson of Zheng Chenggong, and Zheng Yi and Zheng Ze are the ninth grandsons. This genealogy records twenty-one generations from the first generation of Yinshi [Taimian], the founder of Ishii. More than eighty years later, nothing is known about the situation. The profile of Zheng Zhilong's descendants from the twenty-second generation has also been lost. Failed. According to the genealogy, Zheng Yuhai, the re-cultivator, married his stepmother Yehenala. It can be speculated that its clan branches are located in the north. The "Zheng Family Genealogy" was written in stone from the time when Wulang Gongyin, the first generation of Shijing, to the 20th generation. The content is basically consistent with the "Zheng Family Genealogy", but it does not contain the name and time of the person who compiled the genealogy. The genealogy contains information about Zheng Chenggong's descendants. The records of his birth and death, official position, burial place, etc. are particularly detailed, which is of great value for studying the family history of Zheng Chenggong's direct sect. The front of the family tree contains the "Preface to the Family Genealogy" written by Zheng Chenggong's father, Zheng Zhilong, on the first day of the eleventh month of Chongzhen's reign. "Ishiimoto Genealogy" is comprehensive in content, including genealogy preface, ancestral hall couplets, ancestral spring and winter ritual notes, famous sage preface, famous line preface, lineage map preface, ancestor visit preface, preface to gifts, characters from past dynasties, and Zheng family genealogy The Yijian map of the ancestral branch of the fifth generation of the ancestor, etc. The Yijian map only contains the first to fifth generations. There are 104 people from the 10th to the 15th generation included in "Characters of the Zheng Family in Jingjiang". ?
Among the above three genealogies, the most valuable for studying Zheng Chenggong’s family history are the “Zheng Family Genealogy” and “Zheng Family Genealogy”. The content is relatively complete, and it is compiled with the focus on reflecting the Zheng Zhilong-Zheng Chenggong faction. As for the collateral branches, it is simply ignored and ignored. Due to the passage of time, changes in wars, and the massive loss of historical records, the direct descendants of Zheng Chenggong recorded in the above two genealogies have been lost and are now difficult to verify, pending the emergence of newer supporting information. ?
According to the genealogy records of the Zheng family in Shijing, the first ancestor of the Zheng family, Wu Langgong, lived in Shibaimian, with the courtesy name Yuan Yong. Because they had to avoid chaos during the reign of Emperor Jingkang of the Song Dynasty, the brothers dispersed, living in Pu, Zhang, Chao, etc. Duke Wulang came to Wurong in Quan County from the Fujian Marquis. He built a house, built a tomb, and farmed crops. He was not on duty at the end of the year and had a hard time eating. He heard that the seashore was profitable and he could not provide enough food. Yi Biao moved to Shijing at the foot of Yangzi Mountain to live in Yan.
The first generation ancestor Zheng Mian gave birth to two sons, Shan Pin and Dai; Zheng Shan Pin gave birth to Fu, and Zheng Dai gave birth to Mu Shi and Mo. Zheng Fu produces Mo, Zheng Mu Shi produces Li and Yong, Zheng Mo produces Heng and Ming [see picture]. At present, the Ishii Zheng clan has been passed down to the twenty-sixth generation, and the word "Shi" is in order. There are more than 3,000 people in the country, most of whom make a living by running factories, doing business, fishing, and working. It is divided into four major rooms. Namely: Cuohou [Dongjiao, passed down by Zheng Mo], Houmu [Dingjiao, handed down by Zheng Huoting], Xiting [Xijiao, handed down by Zheng Mushi], Huating [Shangxiating, handed down by Zheng Mo]. Among the four branches, Xiting and Huating have the largest population, each with more than a thousand people; Houcuo and Houmu each have hundreds of people. Zheng Chenggong's lineage belongs to the Xiting branch. The succession from the first ancestor to Zheng Chenggong is: the first ancestor Zheng Mian [hidden stone] - Zheng Shanpin [hidden spring] - Zheng Mushi [ancestor of the Xiting branch] - Zheng Yuli [pure jade] - Zheng Liang [well residence] - Zheng Yan [Que Zhai] - Zheng Meng [Le Zhai] - Zheng Rong [Yu Ye] - Zheng Wangrong [Xiting] - Zheng Shibiao [Xiang Ting] - Zheng Zhilong [Feihuang] - Zheng Sen [Damu]. In the Xiting branch, the seventh generation ancestor Zheng Meng [Le Zhai] gave birth to five sons: Gong [Yue Zhai], Qian [Xijiang], Sheng [Shun Jian], Rong [Yu Ye], and Zhi [Shen Jiang], which are now divided into the Xiting branch. Among the five pillars of the house, the fourth one, Zheng Rong [Yu Ye], was Zheng Chenggong's great-great-grandfather and derived his lineage. ?
At present, among the genealogies collected by the Shijing Zheng clan, the most complete ones are the "Genealogy of the Changfang of the Xiting Family of Shijing Zheng Family", "Genealogy of the Third Family of the Xiting Family of Shijing Zheng Family", and "Genealogy of the Third Family of the Xiting Family of Shijing Zheng Family". Genealogy of Wufangfen in Shixiting. Recently, the "Shijing Zheng Family Genealogy" was discovered. This genealogy is an ancestral treasure brought by Zheng Xiaojian, a descendant of the Zheng family in Xiamen, when he came to Shijing to search for his ancestors. It is said that it has been preserved in his hands for six generations. This manuscript, which has become tattered due to age, records the score from Ishii Zheng's 1st to 12th generation [part of the 13th generation]. The content covers four major houses: Houcuo, Houmu, Xiting and Huating, which is relatively comprehensive. Unfortunately, the head and tail are missing, making restoration difficult. Relevant experts speculate that it is a chronicle written in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. It is more than 300 years old and is the earliest and most complete family genealogy of the Ishii Zheng family discovered so far. It has very important textual research value. It is currently being sorted out by the Ishii Enping Prince Shrine. ?
"The Genealogy of Shijing Zheng's West Pavilion Changfang" records from the first generation of Yinshi to the eighth generation of Yuezhai [the eldest son of the seventh generation of Yuezhai, taboo tribute.
Therefore, it is called Changfang], and then he was inherited from Dejing [Tajing], the second son of Yuezhai, until the 22nd year. Among them, the lineage of Shunzhai, the eldest son of Yuezhai, the eldest son of Yuezhai, was omitted.
"The Genealogy of Shijing Zheng's Xiting Sanfang" records from the first generation Yinshi to the ninth generation [including the Xiting branch], and then from the eighth generation Shunjian [the third son of Lezhai in the seventh generation, taboo province, so Sheng and He, who were called Sanfang], [were adopted as sons by Yang Yugong's son Zheng Yu], and Chu and Hua, the four sons, took over to the seventeenth generation [incomplete]. The genealogy is accompanied by the "Preface to the genealogy of this clan" [one type each for the eleventh generation Sun Zhiluan and Zhilong], "the preface of the genealogy lines", "the genealogy map", and "general genealogy examples"; it is also accompanied by "the private records of the main family and the third family." "Preface to the genealogy" was written by Zheng Zetai [16th generation], the son of Zheng Zuozhen, in the fifth month of Renwu in the reign of Daoguang. ?
The "Genealogy of the Five Fang Branches of Shijing Zheng Family in Xiting" was compiled from the first generation to the eighth generation, and then from the eighth generation Shenjiang [taboo, brothers live in the fifth room, that is, the fifth generation] to the fourteenth generation [Omitted] Then from the fourteenth generation Zheng Yunde [the second son of the thirteenth generation Zhongping. The eldest son, Qinpu, is the ancestor of Shoesha and is not included in the family tree. ]Repaired in detail to the twenty-first generation. This branch tree is only a part of the five houses. The genealogy is accompanied by the "preface to the diagram of the five branches of the West Pavilion of the Zheng family in Shijing", which was written by Chen Mingsu, a native of Zhejiang and Hangzhou, invited by the 21st Sun Zheng Tiezhong in the 31st year of the Republic of China [1942]. It also contains the travel history of the Zheng family in Shijing. [Yanping Wang Ding, sixteen characters, starting from the eleventh generation. ] "With the practice of Mingzhe, the emperor will be the ruler of all nations and hundreds of officials." Later, Jun Mao, the father of Tie Zhong, renewed the twenty-eight words: "Yi Shichang, the heir to the loyal religion, is famous for his virtues and has more than one book, which will benefit Pi's plan." Zhenguang the previous generation, Zhaomu has a long-lasting origin for thousands of years." ?
In the family genealogy books privately collected by the people in Shijing, no genealogy of the lineage of Zheng Wangrong [named Xiting, Zheng Zhilong’s grandfather] has yet been directly discovered [the newly discovered "General Score" is to be compiled] Records, but there are still records related to Zheng Zhilong's lineage in the existing genealogy, and the time is earlier. For example: "The Genealogy of the Three Fangs of the West Pavilion of the Shijing Zheng Family" writes about Zheng Wangrong, the son of the eighth generation Zheng Rong [named Yuye, the fourth son of Lezhai, Zheng Chenggong's great-great-grandfather]: "Wang Rong is taboo with the courtesy name of Xiting. With Sun Zhilonggui, I give it to the general of Zhenguo, the deputy commander-in-chief of Wuhumen, to the concubine Li Shi [the first-grade wife], the Zhong family, the Wu family, the Tan family, and Zi Shichou [Zhong Chu] Shi Biao [Tan Chu]." This score was written in the fifth month of Renwu, the second year of Daoguang's reign [1822], and was prefaced by Zheng Zetai [the sixteenth generation]. It contains two versions of the "Preface to the Genealogy of the Clan" written by the 11th generation Zheng Zhilong and Zheng Zhiluan. ?
The prosperity and glory of the Ishii Zheng family are inseparable from the merits and rewards of generations of Zheng Zhilong, Zheng Chenggong, Zheng Jing, and Zheng Keshuang who went through life and death, opened up new territories, shrouded corpses in horse leather, and fought bloody battles. . It can be said that it was Zheng Chenggong and his son who wrote the Ishii Zheng family into the glorious history of China and the world. They are the eternal heroes and pride of the Ishii Zheng family. ?
According to genealogical records, Zheng Zhilong’s father Zheng Shibiao [Xiang Ting] gave birth to five sons: Zhilong [Feihuang], Zhihu [Taoyuan], Zhilin [Shang], Zhifeng [Yugong], The official names were Hongkui] and Zhibao [Ruotang]; Zheng Zhilong had five sons: Sen [Damu] and Liu [Chongqin], who succeeded Zhihu as his son. ] En [Enqing], Yin, Xi [Kui'an]; Zheng Chenggong [Damu] gave birth to ten sons: Jing, Cong, Ming, Rui, Zhi, broad, rich, gentle, soft, and hair; Zheng Jing [Shitian] gave birth to Seven sons: Ke Shuang, Ke〖SX[B-*6〗[HT6”,4”]Xingtu, Kejun, Ketuyou, Ke, Keqi, Ketugao. Zheng Keshuang [Huitang] gave birth to three sons: Anfu, Anlu, and Ankang. The members of the Ishii Zheng clan followed Zheng Zhilong and his son in resisting the Qing Dynasty and restoring the Ming Dynasty, opening up new territories, chasing down pirates, resisting Dutch aggression, and regaining the precious island of Taiwan. They made great military exploits and made great sacrifices. ?
According to the "History of the Rise and Fall of Zheng IV in the Ming Dynasty", after Zheng Zhilong surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, the imperial court first awarded him a reward and then dismissed him. He was arrested and imprisoned. In October 1661, Zhilong and his son were transferred to the Qing Dynasty and merged with their family. 11 people were killed in Beijing; Zhibao was moved to Ningguta; in April 1635, Zhihu was ordered to pursue the pirate Liu Xiang and died; in 1657, Zhifeng [Hongkui] died of illness in Kinmen. In 1658, Zheng Chenggong led the Northern Expedition and encountered a strong typhoon at the mouth of the Yangtze River. Six concubines, three parents and children, and 231 men, women, and children were all killed. ?
The connection between Zheng Chenggong and the Ishii Zheng family can be proved not only by the family tree, but also by the fact that their ancestral temple is a sacred incense artifact that has been used for thousands of years. The Shijing Zheng Clan Ancestral Hall next to the Shijing Zheng Chenggong Memorial Hall was built in the early years of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty. It was presided over by Yu Ye, the fourth son of Le Zhai Gong, the seventh ancestor of the Zheng family [Zheng Chenggong's great-grandfather]. The ancestral hall was built at the foothills of Shishan Bu's residence, Yinshi Gong'ao. The ancestral hall is dedicated to the ancestor Yinshi Gong and the main tablet of the ancestors and ancestral gods, and is called the "Great Ancestral Temple". The ancestral hall is "fired by the bandits in the Ming Dynasty". By the early Qing Dynasty, due to years of disrepair and destruction by war, the temples were dilapidated and "weeded with lush grass". In the 22nd year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty [1683], the Qing Dynasty unified Taiwan, and the Ming and Zheng regimes belonged to the Qing Dynasty. At that time, Emperor Kangxi admired Zheng Chenggong's loyalty, filial piety, and integrity. He personally wrote two plaques with the words "Loyal Minister" and "Filial Son" in his handwriting, and gifted Ishii Zheng's ancestral hall. Encouraged by Kangxi's praise, Zheng Zuanzu, the 13th grandson of the Ishii Li family, and others, together with Zheng Keshuang, the 14th grandson of the Ishii family, conspired to rebuild the Zheng ancestral hall. Zheng Zuanzu wrote "Jingjiang Zheng's Reconstruction of the Ancestral Hall". In the thirty-eighth year of Kangxi's reign, Emperor Kangxi issued another edict: "Zhu Chenggong is a relic of the Ming Dynasty and is not a traitor to my rebellious ministers. He ordered officials to escort Chenggong and Zi Jing's two coffins to Nan'an for burial. They set up a tomb and built a temple for worship. "Zheng Chenggong, the king of Yanping County who was given the surname of Ming Dynasty, was also given a memorial elegiac couplet: "The ministers are determined to station troops on the two islands and dare to fight for half of it to the southeast. Gu Zhong.
"The "General Records of Official Ranks" to the west of Shijing Zheng's Ancestral Hall include 23 people including Zheng Chenggong, and the "General Records of Official Ranks" to the east include 27 people including Zheng Zhilong.?
Ishii's family genealogy collection by the people The Heshijing Zheng Clan Ancestral Hall has been basically preserved intact despite many ups and downs, wars, erosion, and erosion, and is constantly being protected by the government, the Zheng clan, and people of insight under Aoshan Mountain. , on the shore of Majiang River, the descendants of the Zheng family inherited the legacy of their ancestors, carried forward their loyalty and integrity, were diligent and progressive, and produced numerous civil and military talents. There were many loyal and talented people in the past generations, and they were majestic and majestic, just like a couplet in the Shijing Ancestral Hall said:?
The vast sea flows back to the east, and has a long history, directly tracing back to Yuan Jingshi's virtues. 2. Zheng Chenggong is a Chinese-Japanese hybrid - his biological mother, the Tagawa family (the Zheng family tree is called the Weng family), is Japanese.
In the late Ming Dynasty, Wu Sangui fought for his concubine Chen Yuanyuan, thinking that he would take revenge on Emperor Ming. Famous, he went out to borrow troops from the Qing Dynasty, which led to the demise of the Ming Dynasty. On the contrary, after the fall of the capital, various crimes emerged in various places in the south of the Yangtze River. Among the young men with lofty ideals who served the country loyally and saved the nation, Zheng Chenggong fought to the end to resist the Qing Dynasty, support the Ming Dynasty and regain the lost territory of Taiwan.
Zheng Chenggong, whose name is Sen, was born in Nan'an County, Fujian Province in 1645. Emperor Wu gave him the surname Zhu, and he successfully changed his name and was honored as "Guo Surname Ye".
At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, our country's inherent territory of Taiwan was occupied by the Dutch invaders in 1642. The people of Taiwan continued to revolt and resisted. Suffering a bloody suppression. In April of the 15th year of Yongli in the Southern Ming Dynasty (1661), Zheng Chenggong led 25,000 troops and hundreds of warships from Kinmen, passing through Penghu, and marched directly to Taiwan. With the support and assistance of the people on the island of Taiwan, After landing, they besieged Chichi (in today's Tainan) where the Dutch Governor was located, and defeated the enemy who came to help from Batavia (now Nyagada, Indonesia). The battle lasted for more than eight months in the first year of Kangxi (1662). On February 1, Dutch Governor Kui Yi was forced to sign a surrender. At this point, the treasure island of Taiwan, which had been subjected to brutal colonial rule by the Dutch imperialists for 38 years, finally returned to the embrace of the motherland. Unfortunately, the people who were determined to restore the Ming Dynasty and destroy the Qing Dynasty supported the Ming Dynasty. The hero Zheng Chenggong fell ill five months after regaining Taiwan. He was only 39 years old. To our surprise, the Japanese have a special sense of respect and affinity for Zheng Chenggong, a national hero in Chinese history. It turns out that Japanese literati in the late Edo period. There are many poems and essays that eulogize Zheng Chenggong's tragic life, such as Liangchuan Xingyan (1789-1858), who worked hard to help others, and was a true husband. Surnamed Ye, I will eventually see the Tatars take over China," and so on. I noticed that the reason why the Japanese are so interested in Zheng Chenggong is not only because of the strong appeal of Chinese culture, but also because Zheng Chenggong is a Chinese-Japanese mixed race - his biological mother is the Tagawa family (called Weng in the Zheng family tree). Japanese. He was born in Japan and was brought back to China when he was seven years old.
-Zheng Zhilong left with the original ship less than a month after Zheng Chenggong was born and broke up with Miss Tagawa
To this day, in Hirado (Matsuura-gun, Nagasaki, Japan, where Zheng Chenggong was born) Tomachi), an annual public memorial is held on the anniversary of Zheng Chenggong's death every year. Zheng Chenggong’s childhood home still retains its original appearance. According to legend, a vertebrae tree planted by Zheng Chenggong before he left Japan and returned to China is still flourishing today. A Japanese friend once showed me a picture of the "Children's Birth Stone" describing Zheng Chenggong's birth, and told me the following touching story:
"Zheng Chenggong's mother, the Tagawa family, came to Hirado one day While picking up shells at the beach, I suddenly felt abdominal pain. I leaned on a huge stone on the beach and gave birth to a boy, Zheng Chenggong. , there are many people who come here for sightseeing..."
I further learned from some Japanese information that Zhilong, Zheng's father, arrived in Hirado with a Dutch merchant ship in the third year of tomorrow's Qi Dynasty (1623). 19 years old. While cleaning up the ship's cargo and waiting for a favorable wind to return, he stayed at the home of Miss Tagawa, who was two years older than him. The young man and woman soon fell in love and became privately engaged for life. It's just that Zheng Zhilong left with the original ship less than a month after Zheng Chenggong was born and broke up with Miss Tagawa. Later, Zheng Zhilong became a pirate who often appeared between China and Japan. It was not until the first year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1628) that he was recruited by the Ming court and became the governor of Tongzhi. In 1630, Zheng Chenggong was taken back to his hometown in Fujian.
-Iizawa Masato's "The War of the Nation" was included in the Complete Collection of Japanese National Literature
Zheng Chenggong grew up in a wealthy family after returning to China, and practiced literature, martial arts, and swordsmanship since he was a child. He has been concerned about national affairs since his youth, studied military books, inherited the Confucian idea of ??loyalty to the emperor and patriotism, and always cherished the ambition to destroy the Qing Dynasty and restore the Ming Dynasty. When he was 36 years old (1659), he led 100,000 anti-Qing rebels to besiege Nanjing and attack Jinling from Guazhou (Zhenjiang, Jiangsu).
In order to clarify his ambition, he wrote a poem entitled "Setting out to conquer the Manchu barbarians from Guazhou to Jinling":
Ji Su came to the river and vowed to destroy the Hu,
The powerful army swallowed up a hundred thousand people. Wu,
Try to see if the natural chasm is broken by throwing a whip,
If you don’t believe that the Central Plains is not named Zhu.
This poem penetrates the back of the paper and is extremely touching, fully demonstrating his broadmindedness and literary talent.
However, it is regrettable that Zheng Chenggong’s short 39-year-old life was originally a legendary literary material, but only because he was born in the late Ming Dynasty and was a hero against the Qing Dynasty, he was later During the more than two hundred years of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, it was impossible to become the protagonists in literary works and be praised like historical figures such as Guan Yu, Yue Fei, and Hua Mulan. The famous playwright Chikamatsu Monzaemon (1653-1724), known as the "Japanese Shakespeare", once wrote a kabuki play called "Kunisugaikasen", which became very popular and created a new genre in the Japanese publishing industry. "Guo Xingye Literature". Afterwards, Japan successively published many literary works based on Zheng Chenggong, forming a series. Until after World War II, the Japanese publishing industry still had a soft spot for Zheng Chenggong. Not only is the book "Zheng Chenggong's Armor" by Ueda Weikokan still a popular novel that Japanese men, women and children of all ages talk about, but Nakayama Mitsuyoshi's "The War of the Nation" (1952) has also been included in the World Classics Library for Teenagers. In addition, Masato Iizawa's "The War of the Nation" (1956) has also been included in the Complete Collection of Japanese National Literature.
(Yang Lighting)
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