When reading ideological books, the average person reads at most 30 books a year, and after working in their twenties, they have 20 years to read books (it is difficult for most people to have room for career advancement after 50). So 600 books are one of the important parts that determine life. In fact, for most people who study, they can't finish reading 600 theoretical books in 20 years. I think 10 reading 100 books is almost enough, which is almost 1 book every month. How to choose this 100 book is my original intention to open the official account of Mind Map WeChat.
Why is it called mind mapping? If we are looking for treasure in a strange world, what is the most important thing? A treasure map, of course. Encountering problems, solving problems, solving methods or knowledge is equivalent to treasure, while exploring and learning knowledge is like searching for treasure in a strange knowledge world. If we can roughly grasp the treasure map of the knowledge world, even if it is only a very rough map, when we encounter various problems in our life and work, we will know the general direction of the answers and find solutions to the problems more quickly.
If there are three continents in the known knowledge world: humanities continent, social science continent and natural science continent. Most people's knowledge is narrow-minded, such as knowing the social science continent → philosophy country → China philosophy province → China ancient philosophy city → pre-Qin philosophy county → Confucian hometown → natural village of Analects of Confucius. But the problem is that even if you are very familiar with the situation in the natural village of The Analects of Confucius, and then encounter problems outside the natural village of The Analects of Confucius, you have no basic concept of other knowledge, have no concept of other knowledge, and don't know where to find the answer. You will be very confused and can only find explanations from The Analects of Confucius. This is not conducive to solving the problem. It is a kind of sitting in the well and watching the sky. If you master the knowledge map, you can at least ensure that the general direction of finding the answer to the question is correct. And the direction is the most important.
Mind mapping principle (recommendation form): recommend the knowledge books you need in your life and work, and strive for the highest efficiency and maximum utility in unit time, mainly foreign textbooks.
Avoid misunderstanding of classic original works. This is the most common fault in many celebrity recommendation books, such as Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations and Keynes's General Theory of Employment Interest Currency, Freud's Interpretation of Dreams, Weber's Protestant Ethics and the Spirit of Capitalism, Fei Xiaotong's Native China, Hegel's Little Logic and Newton's Nature.
A masterpiece is of course a good book. However, there are great differences between the classics in different fields of humanities, social sciences and natural sciences. For example, the classics in literature and art talk about beauty, and it is difficult for future generations to replace or surpass their previous lives. Natural science basically does not look at the classic original works, and it is completely unnecessary to look at the mathematical principles of Newton's natural philosophy when studying physics. Unless you are studying the history of science and technology, even experts who study physics don't need to read Newton's original works. However, social science is closely related to reality, and there is a question of whether it is suitable for modern society. There is evidence, there is truth, there will be progress. Read more modern books in this respect, the newer the better. To sum up, "beauty" is constant and changing slowly, and "goodness" (moral rules) is constantly changing with the development of society. Although "truth" remains unchanged, people's understanding of "truth" will gradually deepen and change the most. All people who are only interested in humanities should read more classic original works, and those who are interested in natural science and social science should read more books written by modern people. Even in history, politics and philosophy, books written by modern people are more practical for modern people.
Recommend on demand. You can't just choose n books that you think are good on the book list. Just like cooking, you can't eat good food if you put good ingredients and spices together in a mess. Each book list should have its own goals and objects, and measure reading efficiency in the framework of the whole human knowledge. However, there are some problems that everyone will face, which can only be solved by themselves, and it is difficult to rely on others, such as dealing with interpersonal relationships, managing decisions, how to face, explain and deal with various problems in daily life and work, and even who to ask for help, who to look for, what to believe and what to choose. This article mainly recommends this kind of essential books.
Mainly textbooks. The textbook itself is equivalent to the knowledge map, which is the introduction of a subject and dominates the whole subject. Knowledge that can form a subject is the most important knowledge. Why do school education now use textbooks? Because it is the most efficient, easy to understand, easy to use and most suitable for the public. Therefore, I think that when we study and build our own knowledge map, we should first read more introductory textbooks, even for humanities, the best way is to read the textbooks first. For example, before reading a large number of documents, I read the history of western literature and the history of China literature, and I have a general framework of the whole knowledge. After reading it, I have a clear map in my mind, know the context, know the key points, and know the relationship and existing problems. This is a clear reading in my mind. Reading philosophy is not reading Little Logic, Republic and Analects of Confucius first, but reading Introduction to Philosophy. Similarly, psychology, sociology, economics and so on should also read introductory books first. This is the most effective way to read. What suits you is the best. For most people, reading an introduction to philosophy is far more useful than reading ten original philosophies, and a primary school arithmetic textbook is more useful than 100 original philosophies.
Mainly foreign language textbooks. Why not recommend books written by China people? First, although the ancient classics are very good, the ancient and modern society has changed too much, and ancient books are not suitable for the present society. At least they need great adjustment to adapt to modern life and work. But now almost no one can do it well. If the ancient knowledge is mechanically applied to the present life and work, it will be acclimatized. You're right. The things created by China people themselves are not acclimatized in China, and the knowledge of the ancients is not suitable for today's society (mainly social science). China's social structure, work and life are closer to the west than ancient China, so western knowledge is more suitable for China.
Mainly social sciences. The relationship between people and self-awareness are the most important. Virtue is more important than beauty and truth. At present, China pays enough attention to natural science education, and this year it also pays enough attention to literature and art. I just don't pay enough attention to social science. Compared with humanities and natural sciences, social sciences are more important for people to live and work better.
You can't just see the trees and not the forest. Different problems need different solutions and different disciplines. For example, economics cannot solve physical problems, but economists often only use economic methods to solve political and social problems. There is a special term called specialty. This way of thinking that all problems are solved by one method and discipline is called the hedgehog way of thinking (hedgehog only uses this method to solve any problems, and is a dull bookworm), which should actually be aimed at different situations. In the mind of a person with a hammer, everything is a nail, but our knowledge toolbox needs not only a job, but also various tools and knowledge to solve various problems encountered in work and life. Therefore, we should deal with the relationship between erudition and specialization, especially in the field of social science, which studies the relationship between people.
The following books are sorted according to the importance to my life and work after I read them myself, which is not suitable for the degree of difficulty, and the knowledge structure is basically in no particular order. Everyone can arrange their own reading plan according to their own interests and needs. Interest comes first. You must be interested, otherwise it will be difficult to stick to it. Don't be too stressed after reading these books. After all, I intend to make a list of books for 10 years. If I can finish reading the following 25 books in three to five years, that would be great.
? 0 1
If the skin does not exist, the hair will attach. This is a book about insisting on reading methods. If you want to read a good book, you must first keep reading, so this book ranks 1. I just listened to a few hundred words to summarize the main contents of this book, which can improve the reading quality 1, and read more 12 books this year. This shows the power of this book. A little wordy. Highly recommended. Useful or useless, it depends on people. I found it very useful after reading it. My wife seems to be useless after reading it.
02
China people lack logical thinking more than westerners. Logic is a way of thinking, which is the most basic and must be learned. People are nothing if they don't talk about logic. Logic is mainly divided into formal logic, informal logic and inductive logic. It is good to have a simple understanding of formal logic, and I have also browsed logical calculus, but informal logic and inductive logic should be thoroughly understood. After reading this book, you can read Introduction to Concise Logic and various logic pamphlets written by foreigners. Can understand logic and practice more deeply from all aspects.
03
Statistics also belongs to methodology. Don't be afraid to see math. You can understand this book as long as you have a junior high school foundation. Foreigners write textbooks, which are easy to understand and convenient for self-study. Statistics may be the most widely used branch of mathematics in daily life. This book is mainly written with psychology as a case, but the truth is basically understood, and other disciplines such as sociology also need a statistical foundation.
04
Social news is the news that everyone is most concerned about, but how do we analyze a social problem and whether a social viewpoint is reliable or not? This book, together with the above three books on logic and statistics, is the key to what we believe and what we don't believe, and is the basis for establishing a way of thinking.
05
The reason why experimental psychology is put before the introduction of psychology is because the method is more important than the result. However, when reading a book, it is recommended to read the introduction in each field first, and then look at the research methods. How to discover human nature can change our thinking and improve a person's "trust quotient"-choose what to believe and what not to believe.
06
The importance of psychology is far beyond imagination. Psychology is the study of human nature and the foundation of all social sciences. In the past, philosophy mainly studied human nature, but today psychology is a subject that studies human nature in a scientific way. The primary function of learning psychology is to know oneself, change oneself and influence others and society by changing oneself. Socrates said that knowing yourself, an unexamined life is not worth living, Confucius said that I visit myself three times a day and so on. Now psychology is the best tool.
At that time, when I chose Introduction to Psychology, I chose it for a long time, compared many versions, and finally chose this one instead of the more popular Psychology and Life. The specific reason is unknown. Douban just read the score. The score of this book is 0.3 higher than that of Psychology and Life. It seems that the choice at that time was right.
It looks very thick and professional, but it is actually a textbook written by foreign universities for freshmen, and high school students can understand it. I don't have to force myself to deal with such a beginner's book, which is hard to read. I still have a headache after watching it for an hour. My method is to read half an hour or 5- 10 pages in the morning, after lunch and before going to bed. I read 10 every day, and I can finish it in a month or two. This method is suitable for many serious books. At the same time, read more interesting and relaxing books, such as A Brief History of Mankind, and adjust it.
07
Nothing in the textbook is the best. Great, I want to clap my thighs almost every page I read.
08
Why is this book in front of Man Kun's book? Because I couldn't stand it for two years when I bought Principles of Economics, and I didn't understand how to chew a big book. Later, I bought this way of thinking in economics, which is easy to understand and interesting, and makes people grasp the main ideas of economics. I finished it quickly, and then I went on to read Man Kun's Principles of Economics.
09
It is undoubtedly the best introductory textbook for economics. After reading these two books, I also read two books by Nobel Prize winners, Samuelson's economics and Stiglitz's economics, both of which are very good. Samuelson once said a very classic sentence: "If I can write an economics textbook for this country, I don't care who drafted the laws of a country." It can be seen that the importance of the textbook also shows that the selection of this thought map has been confirmed by the master.
10
The best sociology textbook. After reading this book, you will know that many people are talking about problems that special people are studying. In the future, I will be less confident and more modest when expressing my views on society.
1 1
Both employees and leaders should have a look. After reading it, they will feel that many hazy management experiences and ideas have been accurately and clearly studied by predecessors, written on paper and summarized better. A very open mind. Many people like to watch celebrities talk about management, which is the difference between self-experience common sense and scientific research: personal common sense is narrow, uncertainty is too high, and wrong attribution often occurs. Scientific research is more authoritative, reliable and correct.
12
Communication between people is an extremely important aspect that people in China seldom pay attention to. Between people, between husband and wife, between parents and children, between leaders and subordinates, between company negotiations, between teachers and students, between groups and so on. , extremely important, but most neglected by society, leading to all kinds of serious conflicts. For example, more than 90% of doctor-patient conflicts are caused by poor communication. The so-called high emotional intelligence means being able to talk and communicate. This is an area that I intend to focus on in the future. Related books include Non-violent Communication, Bible of Communication, Social Conflict and various books on EQ, negotiation and speech. There may be a misunderstanding when reading this kind of books at first, that is, it seems useless and the communication is still poor. In fact, this kind of books can only improve their communication ability slowly and step by step, for example, from 50 points to 5 1 point, thus improving the probability of success and the effect of communication. Personally, I feel that I have gained a lot from reading it, and it is a must-read field for practice.
13
What is the ultimate cause of people's various behaviors? The answer may be beyond your imagination, such as morality, virtue, justice, beauty, etc., which are basically determined by biological evolution. Subverting many basic theories of philosophy, politics and law will make you feel that the theoretical basis of classic works is a joke and has no realistic basis at all.
14
Sociology mainly studies industrial society, while anthropology mainly studies pre-industrial society. Understanding people's development history can help us understand people's behaviors, choices and differences more accurately.
15
After reading it, I only remember it clearly. There are too many classics, I don't know what to say. ...
16
I haven't read this book yet, and I have arranged the reading schedule for next month.
17
The best general history books, it is said that China wrote middle school history books with reference to this book.
18
Laymen often mistakenly think that psychology has only psychological counseling (abnormal psychology). In fact, clinical psychology only accounts for one tenth of psychology. Positive psychology studies people's positive behaviors, such as how to make people happier. But the writing is not good enough, but you must read it. Seligman's book about happiness can be read together, as well as The Elephant and the Rider.
19
The introduction of philosophy mostly introduces the thoughts of various schools and philosophers one by one in chronological order, which leads to the fragmentation of thoughts. For example, the idea of beauty may be scattered among 20 philosophers, which is not conducive to comparative understanding. In fact, time and philosophers are what philosophy researchers care about. For ordinary people, more attention should be paid to ideas and opinions. This book is based on ideas and strings together historical viewpoints.
20
I saw it in college. I don't remember the specific content. But I only remember it very, very clearly.
2 1
From the perspective of evolution, based on biological adaptability, we study morality, politics and religion. The book strongly criticizes Plato's rationalism, Kant's deontology and Rawls' veil of ignorance's argument basis. Philosophers are thinking with their own heads. This book refutes various philosophical views with empirical evidence. It was very shocking after reading it. Highly recommended.
22
China's traditional culture has actually been cut off, so there is no need to argue. I will write an article about this problem in the future. Now, the west's past is China's past, and the west's present is China's future. Therefore, reading the western history, especially the western history after the Renaissance Enlightenment, has the most practical significance for understanding the present China.
23
Haven't seen it yet. Just look at the catalogue. Intuition should be one of the best China history.
24
Why is there such a big gap between Chinese and western civilizations? How do the differences in the development of civilizations around the world come about? This book puts forward its own answer from experience. Recommended wall cracks. The author also wrote a book "Collapse", which is also very good. There is also a book to compare, "How Long Will the West Rule". As for books on history, I also recommend some books that I haven't read, such as How Climate Changed History, Enlightenment and History of Climate Civilization. I read two books by hobsbawm: The Times Tetralogy. Good angels in human nature, violence: history, war history, etc.
25
The Road to Financial Freedom (USA). This picture will not appear. I think this is the best investment and financial management book, at least among the dozens I have read.
Recently, I am going to focus on the following aspects: the most important thing is to look at the field of communication. Modern western history, such as the Enlightenment and the French Revolution. In terms of law, read several introductory books, such as "The Gate of Law"; In management, read more textbooks, introductory books on religion, climatology and life, and other popular books, such as A Brief History of the Future and Chaos and the Fifth Discipline. There are also some books from strange angles such as "Great Fusion of Knowledge".
Today, in the context of World Reading Day, I am anxious to write my thoughts first. In the future, with the progress of reading, I will further supplement it when I think about it, and then release the train of thought 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 ... and strive for the final book. Welcome everyone to leave a message to criticize and correct me. Don't pick my wrong words! )
I just arrived in Changsha today. I didn't see the beautiful scenery of Changsha, and I didn't eat the delicious food in Changsha. I spent the whole afternoon writing this article in my hotel room. If you feel good, please forward it to me for support.