The second subdivision refers to the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain and the northern region.
Question 2: What places does the Central Plains include? Judging from history and ancient books, the Central Plains in a broad sense refers to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River.
Compared with ancient times, the meaning of the Central Plains in contemporary times has been reduced, especially in most parts of Henan and its neighboring areas.
Middle reaches of the Yellow River: most of Shanxi, north-central Shaanxi, and central and western Henan.
Lower reaches of the Yellow River: eastern Henan, south-central Hebei and western Shandong.
The boundary range of the Central Plains in history;
The northern boundary is in the areas of northwestern Shanxi, northwestern Shaanxi and northern Hebei.
South to Qinling-Funiu Mountain, northern Anhui, northern Jiangsu,
East to west Shandong,
West to Longdong and Tianshui.
Its core is centered on Shanxi, Shaanxi and Henan provinces, which is proved by archaeological and historical documents.
There are many ancient capitals in the Central Plains, especially Chang 'an, Luoyang and Kaifeng. Miao Xiyong's "Buried Sutra Wing" in the Ming Dynasty once mentioned: Chang 'an in Guanzhong is the ridge of the world and the first in the Central Plains. Luoyang, Henan, is the quintessence of the Central Plains.
The definition scope of Central Plains in historical ancient books;
The northern boundary is Taiyuan (the north gate of Central Plains), Yehuling in Zhangjiakou and Hebei area south of Beijing.
Jin's "Book of Passing Jinyang Old City": "The North Gate of the Central Plains is in a good situation and wants to see the clouds." (Jinyang is now Taiyuan)
"Shi Ming Lou? Fourteen years of Yongle: "Fu Weijing, south of the Central Plains. "
Yuan's Northbound Ridge: "The north and south of the Central Plains are limited to Xiling, and the wild fox is higher than Dagengding" (Xiling refers to the mountain of Malaysia, and the wild fox is the wild fox of Zhangbei).
South boundary-Qinling-Funiu Mountain
"Model": "The Central Plains in the north is still in the old capital." Shu is located at the southern foot of Qinling Mountains.
Dongjie-Huaian
"Boarding Chuzhou City": "Today's trip to the Central Plains is three miles, and a jade belt wears the sky." (Chuzhou, now Huai 'an, Jiangsu)
West-Longnan, Tianshui, Gansu, Guyuan, Ningxia and Yulin, Shaanxi.
Romance of the Three Kingdoms: "Shu soldiers have reached Qishan and invaded the Central Plains. Is Qing Anren sitting idly by? " Qishan is located in Longnan and Tianshui, and its arrival means the invasion of the Central Plains.
Ming Dynasty's Collection of Famous Mountains: "Shaanxi III, the gateway to the Central Plains." (The three towns in Ming Dynasty were trilateral towns such as Yulin in Shaanxi and Guyuan in Ningxia)
Question 3: The "Central Plains" in ancient times refers to the surrounding areas of Henan Province, including southern Hebei Province, western Shandong Province, northwestern Jiangsu Province, northern Anhui Province and southeastern Shanxi Province. The following figure
Question 4: Where does the Central Plains belong? The Central Plains in history mainly refers to Henan Province and its surrounding areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. Because it is the main birthplace of Chinese civilization in history, it was the economic, cultural and political center of China at least before the Western Jin Dynasty. At present, the narrow sense is still Henan and its surrounding areas, and the broad sense can refer to Central China, namely Jiangxi, Anhui, Hunan, Hubei and Henan provinces.
Question 5: Where does the Central Plains mean? The modern Central Plains is generally called the Great Central Plains in a broad sense, that is, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, with Henan Province as the center, covering southern Hebei Province, western Shandong Province, northwestern Jiangsu Province, northern Anhui Province, southeastern Shanxi and other surrounding areas. The Central Plains has been the core area leading the development of Chinese civilization since ancient times. It is not only the political, economic and cultural center of China for most of the time, but also the place where the Chinese nation formed and lived in the early days, and the ancestral home of most people in China today.
The narrow sense of Central Plains refers to Henan Province. Henan, also known as "Central Plains" and "Zhongzhou", has a long history and profound cultural heritage. Historians generally believe that Henan plays an important role in the history and development of the whole Chinese nation. Henan is also one of the long-term political, economic and cultural centers where the Three Emperors and Five Emperors went to China in the Northern Song Dynasty. Henan is one of the most important birthplaces of Chinese civilization and the Chinese nation. More than 4,000 years ago, Henan was Yuzhou in the center of Kyushu, China, so it was called "Yu" for short; Later it was called "Zhongzhou" and "Zhongyuan". Most of the political, economic and cultural centers in the history of China are located in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. Since the first dynasty in China's history, the Xia Dynasty made its capital in Henan, there have been Xia, Shang, Western Zhou (Luoyi), Eastern Zhou, Western Han (early), Eastern Han, Cao Wei, Western Jin, Northern Wei, Sui, Tang (including Wu Zhou), Five Dynasties, Northern Song and Jin. There are four of the eight ancient capitals in China, namely, Luoyang, Kaifeng, the Seven Dynasties, Zhengzhou, Anyang, Shangqiu, the ancient capital of the Seven Dynasties and the Six Dynasties, Nanyang, the hometown of Du Nan, and Xuchang, the ancient capital of Cao Wei. However, Henan is also the most concentrated area of wars and disasters in the history of China. Many nationalities, races and countries are vying for the control of the Central Plains. In different historical periods, a large number of Zhongyuan people emigrated to foreign countries to escape the war, which greatly promoted the development of many parts of the motherland and the spread of Chinese civilization. The Central Plains is the birthplace of Chinese civilization and the cradle of the Chinese nation.
Question 6: Where does the Central Plains belong in China? The Central Plains is divided into broad sense and narrow sense. The "Central Plains" in a broad sense refers to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, including most of Henan Province and parts of southern Hebei Province, southern Shanxi Province, eastern Shaanxi Province and western Shandong Province around Henan Province. It is the birthplace of Chinese civilization and the cradle of the Chinese nation. The narrow sense of "Central Plains" refers to Henan. The so-called "Central Plains" refers to "China and Hebei" in a narrow sense, that is, Henan. Because Henan is not only the ancestral home of most people in China, but also the political, economic and cultural center of China for most of its history.
Question 7: Which provinces does the Central Plains include? The narrow sense of the Central Plains refers to the present area of Henan Province;
The Central Plains in a broad sense refers to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River or the whole Yellow River basin.
The Central Plains is "joining the Party in the north, Hongnong in the west of Sizhou, Huainan in Yangzhou in the east, Xincai and Anfeng in the middle." This scope mainly includes Henan now, and also includes some places in southern Shanxi, western Jiangsu and northwestern Anhui.
"The source of Hakka dialect is in the whole ancient Central Plains, specifically the vast area south of the Great Wall and north of the Yangtze River." In this way, the Central Plains mentioned above is a "small plain". In the three great migrations of more than 900 years, Hakka ancestors "passed through other vast areas except Heluo area". Influenced by Qin Long culture, Zhao Yan culture, Zhao Jin culture, Qilu culture, Jingchu culture and Wuyue culture. "Visible" ancient central plains "area.
Question 8: Which province does Zhongyuan belong to? Jiangxi, Anhui, Hunan, Hubei, Henan.
1, East China (including Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian and Shanghai);
2. South China (including Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan);
3. Central China (including Hubei, Hunan, Henan and Jiangxi);
4. North China (including Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia);
5. Northwest China (including Ningxia, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Shaanxi and Gansu);
6. Southwest China (including Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Chongqing);
7. Northeast China (including Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang);
8. Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao (including Taiwan Province Province, Hong Kong and Macao).
Question 9: What places did the Central Plains refer to in the Spring and Autumn Period, that is, today's Henan Province and its surrounding areas?
That is, in the Spring and Autumn Period, the word Zhongyuan began to have the meaning of Zhongyuan. Zuozhuan? "Twenty-three years of Xi Gong" records that Zhong Er, the son of the State of Jin, was in exile in Chu and was well treated by King Chu. When asked how to repay the State of Chu, Zhong Er replied: "If you use the spirit of the monarch, you will fight the State of Jin and Jin Chu will rule the army. When you meet the Central Plains, you will have three houses. If he doesn't get his life, he will whip his left hand and his right hand to deal with you. "The Central Plains here has a regional meaning." Mandarin? It is recorded in Yu Jin San that on the question of whether to accept Jin Jun, some people advocated killing him, and the public said, "No. A man who humiliated a big country was in the Central Plains. He killed his monarch to pay more attention to it. My son wants to avenge his father, and my minister wants to avenge your monarch. Although it is slightly Qin, what is the problem in the world? " The Central Plains here refers to the vassal states of the Central Plains. In 482 AD, after Fu Cha, the king of Wu, and Jin, Lu, and Zhou were in the Huangchi League, the king gained the hegemony of the vassal state, and the king ordered that "the king's son and dog should complain to Zhou", including the saying that "the former Chu people were wrong and did not undertake the king's affairs". Away from my brotherly country. My late king couldn't bear to close the house. Holding a sword, he has the demeanor of a beryllium Dojo, in order to drive poison in the Central Plains with King Zhao and Chu. God's will has died, and the king of Qi returned to China after his defeat. As for Ying. "Going back to the Central Plains as mentioned in the deeds of ancestors refers to today's Henan Province.
Regarding the Han Dynasty, the word "Central Plains" mostly refers to Henan. In the chaos of the Seven Kingdoms that occurred during the reign of Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty, Zhu commented: "However, you can't be a bird in the original Chinese book because' the virtue of the previous dynasty has not failed, and the people who are happy have no foreign aid'. ("Historical Records? The Central Plains here refers to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. When Xu Le wrote to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he mentioned the Central Plains when explaining "disintegration". "What is metamorphosis? Wu, Chu, Qi and Zhao are also. The Seven Kingdoms conspire against the Great Rebellion, all of which are called Wan Cheng Wang and A few hundred thousand. Prestige is enough to strictly control its territory, and wealth is enough to convince its gentry. However, it is impossible to rush headlong into action. As a bird of the Central Plains, what is the reason? Non-forces are lighter than ordinary people, and soldiers are weaker than Chen She. At that time, the virtue of the first emperor was not declining, and he lived and worked in peace and contentment, and the princes were helpless. This is called disintegration. Therefore, the suffering of the world is not disintegrating. " ("Han Shu? This is the place where the kings of Wu Chu were captured in the Central Plains.
Of course, after the Han Dynasty, there was still the word "Central Plains" in vilen's history books. For example, when Sima Xiangru was sent to the southwest, he said: In order to spread the land to future generations and make future generations famous in the world, "it is a wise man who paints the Central Plains with his liver and brain and does not hesitate to moisten weeds with ointment." ("Historical Records? Sima Xiangru Biography) Before Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty attacked South Vietnam, Liu An, the king of Huainan, wrote to remonstrate: "This side barked without warning, killed your majesty's soldiers, exposed the Central Plains, dyed the valley, and the border people collected it early, but it was too late. It is very important for your majesty to steal. " ("Han Shu? Yan) In the last years, Wang Mang ordered Lian Dan to attack the Red Eyebrow Army in Shandong. When Lian Dan asked Yan Feng for advice, Yan Feng told him to wait and see, and advised, "Why are you ashamed of your ancestors by building the Central Plains with the army?" ("once"? Feng Yanchuan ") in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty? Biography of Ma Rong, History of the Later Han Dynasty? The Central Plains mentioned in the Biography of Huangfugui and other volumes still retains its original meaning.
Zhuge Liang said in the "Teacher's Watch": "Today's party has been decided, and the armor is sufficient. The three armies granted it, and it was originally planned to go north, and the turbidity was exhausted, the traitors were destroyed, and the Han Dynasty was revived, still in the old capital. " The Central Plains here refers to the Central Plains region. In the Jin Dynasty, especially in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Central Plains as a geographical concept began to be widely accepted by people. According to incomplete statistics, the word "Central Plains" appeared 92 times in the 55 volumes of the Book of Jin, and the highest frequency was in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and it was mostly related to the ambition of the Jin Dynasty to restore the Central Plains, such as "Central Plains lost", "Central Plains lost" and "Central Plains lost". Later dynasties such as Song, Qi, Liang and Chen all lived in the south of the Yangtze River.