Zuo (18 12 ~ 1885) was born in Xiangyin, Hunan. As a famous soldier in the late Qing Dynasty, his great historical achievement in China's modern history was not his achievement in establishing Westernization, nor his achievement in suppressing the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Northwest Nian Army and the Shaanxi-Gansu Hui uprising, but his pro-unification army recovered Xinjiang occupied by foreign invaders in the 1970s.
Lin Zexu
Among hundreds of officials released to Xinjiang in Qing Dynasty, Lin Zexu (1785 ~ 1850) is undoubtedly the most famous. There are many reasons for this. First of all, Lin Zexu represented the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation and the wishes of the broad masses of the people by banning smoking and resisting Britain, thus gaining high prestige and general sympathy from public opinion through his acquittal. However, it was Lin Zexu who made outstanding historical contributions in Xinjiang and did good things for the people of all ethnic groups after he banned smoking and resisted Britain. Therefore, he is deeply admired by people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang and praised by them to this day.
Chen Cheng was sent to the Western Regions in Ming Dynasty.
Chen Cheng (1 365 ~ 1457), born in Jishui, Jizhou (now Jishui, Jiangxi), was a scholar in 1394 (twenty-seven years of Hongwu) and taught pedestrians. Seeking talents in Beiping, renting a house in Shandong, and persuading foreigners by Annan can all live up to their mission. At the beginning of Yongle, he was promoted to Yuanwailang by the official department. He was sent to the Western Regions many times under orders or with China officials Li Da, Lu An or his assistant Li Xian, and achieved outstanding results. Promoted to Guangdong Chief Secretary to participate in politics. After Zhu Gaochi, the son of Judy, ascended the throne, he announced that he would "stop his errand in the four seas", which ended the golden age of east-west traffic in the early Ming Dynasty. Chen Cheng was dismissed, retired to his hometown and spent more than 30 years in the forest. He died at home at the age of 93, and Zhushan was handed down from generation to generation. His experience of five missions to the western regions;
The first time was 1396 (March to September of Hongwu 29th year). Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, ordered envoys to evacuate Li (now the border areas of Gansu, Qinghai and Xinjiang) and rebuild the security system, thus stabilizing the situation in the west.
The second time was from 14 13 (September 11th year of Yongle) to 14 15 (October 13th year), escorting the imperial envoys of Timur back to Harlem and Samarkand, and rewarding the western regions along the way.
The third time was from 14 16 (June 14th year of Yongle) to 14 18 (April 16th year of Yongle);
The fourth time is 14 18 (Yongle 16 years 10 months) to 1420( 18 years10 months).
The fifth time was 1424 (April to November in the 22nd year of Yongle), and I went to Gansu where Emperor Wen Yongle died and was ordered to return.
General Gao Chang Zhang Xiong
Zhang Xiong (583 ~ 633), whose real name is Taihuan, was born in a noble family in Gao Changguo. Grandfather Zhang Wu was a general and Cao Langzhong (prime minister's government affairs). His father, Zhang Duan, was General Jianyi and Cao Cao's doctor. His aunt is the princess of Wang Qu of Gaochang, and Wang Qu of Gaochang after Qu is the cousin of Zhang Xiong. Growing up in such a powerful family, Zhang Xiong's identity is naturally different. He is praised as "talented and filial, but he doesn't look down on others", "doesn't look down on talents" and "knows soldiers with white faces and is handsome". He is a general with both civil and military skills.
Ban Chao and Ban Yong are in the Western Regions.
Ban Chao and Ban Yong were famous politicians and strategists in the history of the Western Regions during the Eastern Han Dynasty. For example, a book review of the History of Qin and Han Dynasties in Cambridge, China said: "In fact, the achievements of the Eastern Han Dynasty in the Western Regions were mainly made by Ban Chao and his son Ban Yong."
Ban Ban Chao Yong and his son are outstanding historical figures who have made great contributions to safeguarding the reunification of the motherland and cultural exchanges between the East and the West after Zhang Qian's mission to the Western Regions. In 97 AD, Ban Chao sent Gan Ying to Daqin (Roman Empire). Although he failed to achieve his goal, he was the first person in China to reach the east coast of the Mediterranean. The Story of the Western Regions, written by Ban Yong according to his own personal experience, was completely preserved in the Biography of the Western Regions at the end of the Han Dynasty and became an important material for future generations to study the history of the western regions and Asian history.
Fu Jiezi Dingloulan
Fu Jiezi, a native of Yiqu, a county in the northern part of the Western Han Dynasty, was brilliant in childhood and read widely. The third volume of Liu Xin's Miscellanies of the History of Han Dynasty in Xijing records that when he was young, Fu Jiezi was studious and ambitious, and determined to follow Zhang Qian's example and serve the country. He once threw a letter (wooden slips used in ancient Chinese characters) on the ground and sighed: "A gentleman wants to make meritorious deeds, how can he sit on things and scatter Confucianism?" It can be said that Fu Jiezi was deeply influenced by Zhang Qian's feat of going to the western regions, and his act of throwing his robe influenced Ban Chao later.
Zhang Qian is connected with the western regions.
Xinjiang was called the Western Regions in ancient times. Narrow sense refers to today's Xinjiang, and broad sense refers to Xinjiang and its vast area to the west, which has been full of mystery since ancient times. Shan Hai Jing, an ancient book in the pre-Qin period, recorded the mountains and rivers of the western regions, while Mu Chuan recorded the legend of going to the West. Zhang Qian, the first person to experience the Western Regions, was recorded in the official history of China.
Zhang Qian, a native of Chenggu, Hanzhong (now Chenggu County, Shaanxi Province), was the assistant minister of Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. At that time, after more than 60 years of recuperation, the Han Dynasty began to enter its heyday, and the talented Liang Wudi was determined to change his defensive position against the Xiongnu and take the initiative to fight back. Just then, an important message was obtained.
According to the surrender of Xiongnu, Dayue, a powerful nomadic tribe in Hexi Corridor, was defeated by Xiongnu, and its king was killed and its head was made into a wine vessel. The Dayue family was forced to move westward, often resenting ten roots, thinking about revenge and suffering from helplessness.
Based on this, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty made a strategic plan to attack the Huns with the Yue people, and recruited people to search for the Yue people in the western regions. Zhang Qian generously applied for the job, bravely shouldered the heavy responsibility, and then stepped onto the historical stage.
Xuanzang
[Xuanzang] Alice Chan, a famous monk in the Tang Dynasty, was born in a prominent Confucian family. When I was a child, I went to Luoyang, Chang 'an and other places to study and asked famous monks for advice. He was knowledgeable and versatile, and soon became famous in Buddhism.
During the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty, Xuanzang ignored the ban of the Tang Dynasty and went west to learn from the scriptures. He crossed the desert Gobi, waded across the rapids and rivers, and finally reached India, the birthplace of Buddhism.
The western regions shed his footprints of preaching and trekking all the way. The Tang Priest described in the novel The Journey to the West is weak and incompetent. However, in the historical reality, Xuanzang was a Buddhist scholar who studied both Chinese and Western cultures, a Buddhist monk with perfect merits, a disseminator of Buddhist culture, and a warrior who sacrificed his life for Taoism.