There are three different versions of The Analects of Confucius in Han Dynasty: The Analects of Lu, The Analects of Qi and The Ancient Analects. The current edition of The Analects of Confucius is the Analects of Confucius by Lu at that time. During the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu included four works, The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, Daxue and The Doctrine of the Mean, and made a collection of notes for them.
The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period is a period of great historical changes in China. The disintegration of slavery and the emergence of the new landlord class changed the basic contradictions of society. Social progress has promoted the prosperity and development of science and culture. There were many new ideas and ideas at that time. Some intellectuals established their own systematic theory according to their own political opinions and ideas, and vigorously publicized their political opinions, thus forming a political and cultural situation called "a hundred schools of thought contend" in history. Confucius' theory is one of the most representative schools that appeared in this period and had great influence on society-Confucian school.
Confucius lived in an era when slavery declined, the landlord class rose, and social contradictions and social struggles were relatively acute and complicated. Confucianism, represented by Confucius, is a faction system that stands on the position of slave owners and nobles and aims at maintaining old slavery. In Confucius' thoughts, it is obvious that he worships the great slave-owner politician Zhou Gong. He believed that the slave society in the early Western Zhou Dynasty was the most ideal social system, and Confucius' thoughts of "benevolence", "courtesy" and "love" were all based on slavery and aimed at maintaining and saving the slave-owning class facing collapse.