original text
Confucius said: the nature of heaven and earth, only people are precious. A man's journey is nothing but filial piety. Filial piety is greater than strict father and strict father is greater than heaven, so Duke Zhou is also a human being. In the past, the Duke of Zhou worshipped Hou Ji in the suburbs. Ancestral heir Wang Wen and Tang Yuming, to match God. Based on the four seas, each has its own duties. How can the virtue of saints be added to filial piety? Therefore, under the knees of biological children, adoptive parents are strict. Sages teach respect with strictness and love with relatives. The sage's teaching is not pure, and the politics is not strict, which is also the reason. Father and son, naturally. The righteousness of the monarch and the minister is also. Parents are born and continue to be great. If you come in person, it can't be too thick. Therefore, people who love others but not their loved ones are immoral. Those who respect others but not their loved ones are called disobedience. Surrender is the enemy of the people, there is nothing wrong with it, only ferocity. Yes, a gentleman is not expensive. A gentleman thinks with words, thinks with cola, respects morality and acts according to law. Rong Zhi is quite big, and he can advance and retreat to meet his people. Love it because its people are afraid, but like it. Therefore, it can be its moral education and the law to implement it. Ancient poetry network cloud: a gentleman is a gentleman, and his manners are not special.
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Ceng Zi said: I take the liberty to ask, don't saints have greater virtues than filial piety? Confucius said: Of all things in the world, man is the noblest. Nothing is more important than filial piety in human behavior. In filial piety, nothing is more important than respecting your father. Nothing is more important than offering sacrifices to ancestors and heaven. Only the Duke of Zhou can do this. When the Duke of Zhou worshipped the Emperor of Heaven in the suburbs, he gave his ancestor Hou Ji to the Emperor of Heaven. Sacrifice to, and sacrifice to his father, King Wen, as the Emperor of Heaven. Because he did this, rulers all over the country could do their duty to assist his sacrificial activities. It can be seen that the virtue of a saint is beyond filial piety. Because children's love for their parents was born when they were young, they grew up on their parents' knees and learned to respect their dignity day by day. Sages teach people to be filial to their parents on the basis that their children respect their parents. And because of their natural love for their parents, children are taught the truth of love. The reason why sage education can be successful if it is not strictly implemented, and that sage governance can be well managed if it is not strict and rude is because it follows the fundamental nature of filial piety. The affection between father and son is out of the innate nature of human beings, and it also reflects the relationship between monarch and minister. Nothing is more important than parents giving birth to their children to carry on the family line; A father is like a majestic king to his children, and there is nothing more generous than this kind of love. Therefore, it is against morality to love and respect others' behavior without loving your parents; Respecting others and not respecting one's parents is called violating etiquette. If you don't love and respect your parents according to the people's will and go against the people's will, the people can't follow suit. Instead of working hard on the good path of love and respect, relying on the evil path that violates moral etiquette, although it can achieve temporary success, is also despised by gentlemen. A gentleman's behavior is not like this, and his words must be regarded as praised and pursued; Therefore, we must think that it can bring joy to people, establish virtue and justice, and make people respect it; Its behavior can be imitated; Its appearance is all in line with the rules, making people impeccable; One is to advance and retreat, not to break the law and become a model for the people. This gentleman governs the country and people of Lebanon with such actions, so the people fear him, love him and learn to imitate his actions. Therefore, a gentleman can realize his moral education and carry out his laws and orders smoothly. The Book of Songs? Cao Feng? The article "Dove" says: A good man, a gentleman, his appearance and manners are not bad at all.
reading comprehension
This chapter of the book is because Confucius said that Wang ruled the world with filial piety, and the world was peaceful and easy, and then asked whether the virtue of saints was greater than filial piety. Confucius explained by asking questions, and the sage ruled the country by virtue. There is nothing greater than filial piety. Filial piety governs morality. The holy way is the rule of virtue, and both virtue and virtue are equally important. As the ninth chapter.
After listening to Confucius' explanation of the extensiveness and efficiency of filial piety, Ceng Zi thought that the reason why politics and religion are good is the virtue of filial piety. So I asked whether the virtue of saints is greater than filial piety. Confucius said:? Between heaven and earth, people and things are the same, shaped by the spirit of heaven and earth, and endowed with the principle of heaven and earth. However, if things are biased, they will be stupid if they are angry, and they will be full of gas, and their quality will be spiritual. So people can be full of their nature and feelings, so they can be in harmony with heaven and earth, but things can't. Therefore, the nature of heaven and earth is only precious to people. There is no greater virtue in human behavior than filial piety.
Everything comes from heaven, and human relations begin with the father. Therefore, the greatest filial piety is to respect your father, but to respect your father. It would be a great honor if we could worship heaven and enjoy the ceremony with it. Since ancient times, only the Duke of Zhou has done this. Therefore, the gift from heaven was created by him.
In the previous Zhou Dynasty, King Wu died, and Duke Zhou assisted him to become king and was in charge of national politics. Rites and music system. In order to repay his filial piety, he created a worship ceremony in the suburbs. Is Hou Ji deserved to enjoy the ancestors. Another ancestral temple was built in the Ming Hall to worship God, which was shared by his father Wen Wang. Duke Zhou's respect for ancestors and fathers has been proved all over the world by advocating moral education. Therefore, the princes in the sea, each with an official position to help sacrifice, glory first, how can it be greater than this. Filial piety is touching. How can this sage's virtue be greater than filial piety?
It is natural for saints to teach people filial piety, not forced. Because a person's love is born when his parents are playing, and because his parents brought him up, he respects his parents day by day. This is the essence of life and the expression of good knowledge and ability. Saints respect their parents more and more. Only teach the truth of respect, because he is a parent's relative, and he teaches the truth of love. It turns out that love and respect come from nature. Saints only inspire people's conscience, because of their humanity, they teach respect and love, they are not forced. Therefore, the teaching of saints, without waiting for precepts, will succeed. The government of a saint will be buried if it is not strict. He relies on the inherent nature of life.
Fathers in the world must love their sons, and sons in the world must love their fathers. The love between father and son is natural, not forced. This kind of love between father and son also contains respect. The father is like a strict monarch, so it contains the meaning of monarch and minister. The sons born to parents are passed down from ancestors to offspring. Gave birth to Ji Cheng Sun Zongsi. The continuation of the family is greater than this. The father's pair, Yan Jun and Kindness, have double love, so the thickness of love is more important than this.
For the above reasons, love and respect should start from your parents. If someone doesn't love their parents, but loves others, it's called a pervert. Respecting others but not your parents is called disobedience. To love and respect one's relatives is a kind act that goes by the way, but not to love and disrespect is a fierce virtue that goes against the road. Teachers should be educated in Shunde to let the people know what they love and respect. What will people do if they break the rules? Today, I am not standing on good deeds, but on the virtue of evil. Suppose a gentleman with a part-time job and a moral concept will never value that official position.
A moral gentleman is not like this. When he speaks, he must feel that he can be praised. When he has an accident, he must think he can comfort others. The virtue and justice he has done must be respected. Everything he does has to be done by others. His appearance and manner must be dignified and great, and it is worth watching. When going in and out, it is in line with etiquette and can be used as a statute. According to this, the people, the people, are naturally afraid of him, afraid of him, love him, respect him, and imitate him, so they can successfully complete their moral education, and the decrees are naturally carried out without strict supervision.
Confucius quoted these two sentences from Cao Feng in the Book of Songs as an explanation? A kind gentleman who is in charge of governing the people must have no mistakes in his behavior, so that he can set an example for others and be accepted by the people.